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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

A simple WWW interface and quick response system-information query system for cross-sectional body dimensions.

We developed a query and analysis system for normal growth measurement of Japanese children on our WWW server using CGI. It has two subsystems. The first shows standard height and standard weight calculated by height. This subsystem can calculate the difference between measured height and the standard along with deviation and the ratio of measured weight to the standard weight. The second shows standard height, weight, head circumference, and chest circumference. This subsystem can calculate differences between the measurements and the standard as well as deviation. Because of the low amount of output required, very short turn-around time was required. This system also allows use of the same interface no matter which brand terminal is used and has wide reusability. This system will save doctors and nurses the difficulty of looking up a child's data, then having to make the calculation. We also compare the merits of CGI and Java.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Technology assessment. A framework for generating questions useful in evaluating nursing information systems.

Nursing information systems are computer systems that enable nurses to collect, manipulate, store, retrieve, display, and communicate data to administer nursing services and resources, manage nursing practice to improve patient care, and advance nursing knowledge. Selection and implementation of a nursing information system require a clear vision of the need for the system, careful planning, and astute forward thinking. Technology assessment provides a framework for generating pragmatic questions that can be used in systematically evaluating nursing information systems. This article provides a brief overview of nursing information systems, explains the technology assessment framework, and gives examples of questions useful in evaluating a nursing information system.

Computer Security↗
PubMed2000

[Qingshishan watershed agro-ecology information system and its application with the support of Geographic Information System (GIS)].

Geographic Information System(GIS) is applied to establish Qingshishan Watershed Agro-Ecology Information System (QWAEIS), QWAEIS integrates spatial information such as land use, soil, water and topography with basic information such as population, climate and agricultural production. The watershed agro-ecology information was effectively analyzed and managed by QWAEIS, land suitable classes were evaluated by QWAEIS and the land evaluation result are given, QWAEIS also can support watershed planning with its spatial information.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2006

Forming design teams to develop healthcare information systems.

Healthcare information systems are assuming an increasingly critical role in providing quality patient care in an effective and efficient manner. However, the success of these systems in achieving these goals remains a lingering concern. Consequently, investigating and devising strategies to enhance the likelihood of success of a healthcare information system continues to draw research interest. One strategy recommended by both researchers and practitioners alike is the participation of the target users in the design and development of the information system. However, practical considerations mandate representative, rather than universal, participation of users. Unfortunately, the information systems literature offers few guidelines for selecting user representatives to serve on a design team. This lack of guidelines easily results in system designers talking with the wrong users or managers assigning the wrong users to the design team. On the basis of the theoretical paradigms underlying the user participation and design team concepts, the authors examined and derived user characteristics that are considered the most critical criteria for selecting user members of a design team. They then report on a field survey they conducted to validate the derived criteria in healthcare information systems context. The authors conclude that the system-related functional expertise should be the primary criterion employed to select healthcare personnel to participate in system design and development. Other criteria, such as users' communication skills, computing backgrounds, and personality traits, should be given secondary considerations. Ignoring these guidelines can render user participation superfluous, resulting in system failures.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1982

Strategic planning of burn care services and the role of information systems.

An information system to support strategic planning for burn care services could help to structure decisions and help indicate to planners those areas of critical relevance to the issue of which burn patient will survive and which will not. This is, therefore, the essence of the need for information system support for strategic planning for appropriate burn care services: to help to identify those critical areas that reflect the real needs of burn patients in terms of survival and nonsurvival that are amenable to changes through planning. Strategic planning for appropriate burn care services involves highly unstructured decision problems, that must be made by individuals who have a thinking-intuition psychological mode. Planning for the real needs of patients with burn injuries necessitates not only formalized, structured information systems, but information systems that are designed for the psychological modes of these planners of burn care services.

Burn Units↗
PubMed2001

Review of Expert System (ES), Geographic Information System (GIS), Decision Support System (DSS), and their applications in landfill design and management.

This paper provides the reader with a brief discussion on Expert System (ES), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Environmental Decision Support System (EDSS) technologies and their applications in environmental engineering in general and in landfill design and management in specific. It also brings into attention the benefits of integrating ESs and GISs together with simulation models (SM) in a decision support systems (DSS) framework to solve complex environmental problems, facilitated by the new advancements of computer technologies (both in hardware and software). Examples of such integration are provided to reflect how such a system can improve landfill design and management. Finally, the discussion concludes with the fact that although solving landfill design problems could greatly benefit from such a combination of technologies, there have been no attempts to combine ES, GIS, and SM for the comprehensive evaluation of landfill design and performance.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed2000

Clinical information systems.

Clinical information systems are the computer and information systems used by health care personnel to facilitate patient care. These systems have evolved from financial systems to true patient care systems with variable levels of functionality. Early systems provided laboratory and radiology results, and modern systems now provide copies of the radiology images and decision support for therapeutic orders. The rapidly changing technological infrastructure has created barriers to implementation of the electronic medical record, while coding schemes continue to be refined to enable data access and aggregate data analysis. Further refinement of clinical information systems is required before the potential value of these systems is realized in the clinical management of patients.

Child↗
PubMed1999

The accessibility of information systems for patients: use of touchscreen information systems by 345 patients with cancer in Scotland.

AIM: To examine cancer patients' use, and satisfaction with touchscreen information systems. By examining the experience of subgroups, to address issues of equality of access. PATIENTS: 345 patients starting radiotherapy at the Beatson Oncology Centre (BOC), Glasgow. METHODS: Patients were invited to use a touchscreen computer at the start of treatment. They were sent a printout of what they saw on screen. Patients had open access to the system. Data were collected at recruitment, intervention, 3 weeks and 3 months. Predictor variables included: patients' demographics, information preferences, technology use, and psychological state. Outcome variables included: use and views of the computer and printout. RESULTS: Younger, broadsheet readers with previous computer use were more likely to find the system easy to use. Older, tabloid readers were more likely to find the content new and relevant. DISCUSSION: We need to make systems adapt to users' different needs. More effort should be made to provide affordable information for older, generally less literate and technologically less literate groups in suitable locations.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

'Rage against the machine?': nurses' and midwives' experiences of using Computerized Patient Information Systems for clinical information.

BACKGROUND: Computerized Patient Information Systems (CPIS) are used increasingly in health care, yet few studies have asked clinicians to describe their experiences of using these systems and what they mean to their practice and patient care. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore clinical nurses' and midwives' perceptions and understandings of computerized information systems in everyday practice. The objective was to provide a detailed and faithful account of clinicians' experiences of using such systems. DESIGN: A qualitative design was used, based upon interpretive phenomenology. METHODS: A total of 13 focus groups involving 53 practitioners was conducted in hospitals across five Australian states with nurses and midwives from a wide range of practice settings. The participants ranged from Level 1 RNs to Clinical Nurse Consultants and nurses with an IT project management role. RESULTS: This study focuses specifically on clinicians' experiences of using CPIS to manage clinical information. Clinicians' experiences were characterized by digital disappointment rather than electronic efficiencies. Clinicians reported generally that computerization had neither enhanced their clinical practice nor patient care, nor had it improved patient outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Participants' experiences were predominantly negative and mostly critical of CPIS and their: perceived inability to capture 'real nursing', difficulty in use, incompatibilities, non-responsiveness and irrelevance to patient care and meaningful clinical outcomes. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Technological 'solutions' to health care problems are endlessly seductive and easily entrance policy and decision makers. Computerization will continue to impact upon clinical practice and cannot be wished away. Today's computerized systems may have been developed with scant regard for clinician end-users. A crucial issue facing everyone in health informatics is how point-of-care systems can be developed in ways that involve clinicians meaningfully and which recognize and respond to the complexity and subtlety of the world of nursing and midwifery practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

[Results of a questionnaire survey about "standardization" of connection methods in Laboratory Automation System or Laboratory Information System by the National University Hospital Clinical Laboratory Divisions].

"Standardization" is very important in the field of clinical laboratory medicine. Enzyme reference materials(ERM) and standard plasma proteins(CRM470) have already been developed. Reference methods for some clinical chemical tests have also been developed. We are studying "standardization" of electric communication methods between computers and automatic analyzers in Laboratory Automation System(LAS) or Laboratory Information System(LIS). We present the results of a questionnaire survey of 73 LAS or LIS making Companies in this paper. Although "standardization" of electric communications or local area network in LAS or LIS has been done in only 22 companies(34.9%), we are planning more functional standard electric communication methods such as Health Level 7(HL7) or American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM).

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Hospital information systems and the development of a national health information system.

Hospitals require information to support medical quality assurance, cost containment, productivity improvement, utilization analysis, program planning and evaluation, research, and education. Although hospitals could benefit from participation in a national health information system, many would be reluctant to participate particularly if participation were federally mandated. Incentives to participation should include funding of developmental costs, standardized computer software, guarantees of system stability, and prompt reporting back to participating hospitals.

American Hospital Association↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differences between neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates in Brazil: a study based on the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS) Hospital Information System].

The main objective of this article is to estimate stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates in Brazilian States based upon the country's Hospital Information System. Analysis of 1995 data reveals contrasting rates between the various regions of the country. In order to elucidate the States' different rates, we focused on the association between indicators of coverage, utilization, and access to the Unified Health System (SUS). The results for the neonatal period mostly showed higher early neonatal mortality rates when compared to late neonatal mortality rates, higher neonatal mortality rates in the States comprising the South and Southeast regions, less variable rates between those States, and extremely low rates in some States of the North, Central-West, and Northeast regions. The limited supply of SUS services and low access to same are relevant constraints on health care for the population in the North and Northeast. Aspects related to quality of childbirth and neonatal care are also reflected in the rates studied. The findings suggest that spatial and temporal monitoring of these rates could provide analytical support for organizing the Maternal and Child Health Program.

Brazil↗
PubMed1997

Evaluating the benefits realized from a nurse management information system.

The information requirements of nurse managers have been uncreasing rapidly in recent years. The demand for access to relevant and accurate information has led to the development of computerized information systems for use a ward level. However, once implemented, few information systems have been evaluated to identify the benefits that will be realized. This paper presents the results of a study carried our in Oxford to evaluate one nurse management information system using a multi-method approach to identify ways in which returns may be manifested. It suggests that evaluation should be an active process planned at the same time is defining information requirements.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1993

Contrasting acute care and long-term care information systems needs.

Information systems in nursing facilities have their own set of requirements. While these may appear to be less complex than those required of acute care systems, they offer their own series of traps and pitfalls and the information systems manager should be wary of vendors who suggest that acute care systems can be readily modified for long-term care usage. Well-designed and implemented long-term care applications demand the same challenges to integration as do acute care products. Information provided by these systems must be designed to support not only the routine transactions of the facility, but also the strategic planning necessary for intelligent management decision making. It is not sufficient in this era to record and replay data. Data must be synthesized into meaningful summaries in order to be effectively used by executives. [7] This is also true for clinicians. Assessment data are increasingly used to position a patient in a case-mix or reimbursement group. Whereas acute care revolves around DRGs and ICD-9 codes (soon to be ICD-10), long-term care uses a patient review instrument (PRI), resident assessment protocols (RAPs), and resource utilization groups (RUGS). The successful information systems manager will have all of these measures at his or her disposal by financial class, insurance class, and days receivable if eyes are kept on the goal of planning all of the systems with equal care and an eye to the future.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A specialized hospital information system.

Modern information technology offers new opportunities for the storage and manipulation of hospital information. A computer-based hospital information system dedicated to urology and nephrology was designed and developed in our centre. It involves in principle, the employment of a program that allows the analysis of non-restricted non-codified texts, for the retrieval and processing of clinical data, and operation by non-computer specialized hospital staff. This Hospital Information System now plays a vital role for the provision of an efficient, good quality service and is used now in daily routine and research work in this hospital. This paper describes this specialized hospital information system.

Egypt↗
PubMed1999

Telemedical information systems.

Telemedical information systems (TIS's) form the basis for telemedicine services as well as for health information services. This paper gives an introduction to the wide scope of TIS's and discusses examples for the different types of TIS's: patient-related TIS's, knowledge-related TIS's, and meta-TIS's. It concludes that for patient-related TIS's there is the need for a better integration of TIS's with other patient-centered information systems. For the other types of TIS's, more sophisticated retrieval techniques and better user interfaces for ordinary users are required. Furthermore, short descriptions of our own projects are given: the patient-related TIS of the project TECSAC (distributed electronic patient record for cardiology) and the domain-specific knowledge-related TIS's ODITEB (radiological Internet text-book) and ENDOTEL-EIS (endoscopy information system).

Information Storage and Retrieval↗
PubMed1999

Integration of generic indicators for quality management in hospital information systems.

Hospital information systems may contribute in different ways to quality management activities such as monitoring of quality indicators. Most existing quality management activities in hospitals are adjusted to a special medical field or particular disease. These activities often run simultaneously with other procedures and the documentation of patient care. To determine an interdisciplinary integrated quality management procedure, a pilot study was carried out at the Neurosurgery Department and Neonatology Division of the Medical Center of the University of Heidelberg. Predefined generic indicators that may be integrated in an existing information system and used in hospital routine were the basis of this project. The aim of the study was to support the quality management with periodic reports of these indicators. The pilot study showed that there were barriers along the path to an integrated generic quality management. To meet the requirements of routine monitoring, using predefined generic indicators of hospital care, much integration effort, directed at organizational aspects of information processing and information systems architecture, is still needed.

Germany↗