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Results for “Imitative Behavior”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effects of age of chick on social transmission of pecking preferences from hen to chicks.

A "pecking" arrow releases and directs pecking by neonatal chicks. Distinctive stimuli placed on or near the tip of the moving arrow lead to pecking that is selectively directed to matching stimuli. A total of 3 min of exposure to such modeling conditions results in remarkable persistence of imitative behavior. Matching stimuli are preferentially pecked 3 days later after three intervening tests without modeling. In contrast to the sensitive period for filial imprinting within the first 3 days posthatch, age of chick at training has no permanent effect on the development of pecking preferences. If anything, filial imprinting interferes with released-directed pecking, suggesting that separate processes are involved.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Generalized imitation in preschool boys.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the extent to which the generalized motor imitation paradigm developed by Baer and Deguchi (1985) applies to the vocal imitation of preschool boys. Five normally developing male preschool children between 3 and 5 years of age served as subjects. We presented the children with four choices: Matching, Nonmatching, Listening, and Waiting. Once we established a baseline preference measure, we introduced reinforcement of imitation for a different vocal response (color naming). The effect of this manipulation was to increase the preference for matching for three of the five children. The results are consistent with the conditioned-reinforcement hypothesis regarding generalized imitation. They are also consistent with previous research showing that not all children prefer to imitate following direct reinforcement of other imitative behavior.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

Mitigating the imitation of aggressive behaviors by changing children's attitudes about media violence.

A sample of 169 first- and third-grade children, selected because of their high exposure to television violence, was randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. Over the course of 2 years, the experimental subjects were exposed to two treatments designed to reduce the likelihood of their imitating the aggressive behaviors they observed on TV. The control group received comparable neutral treatments. By the end of the second year, the experimental subjects were rated as significantly less aggressive by their peers, and the relation between violence viewing and aggressiveness was diminished in the experimental group.

Aggression↗
PubMed1992

[The role of imitation in suicidal behavior].

The authors analyse the modelling effect of the suicide of the first Hungarian beauty queen. After the publication of a book, a film and the newspapers about her suicide increased significantly the number of suicides committed by young females by the same method (Lidocain pill). During this period the consumption of Lidocain pills decreased in Hungary. The monthly and seasonal fluctuation of suicides committed by other methods is different from these changes. The suicide of celebrities mediated by the mass media can become modell through identification for a people in crisis situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Twin imitation for antisocial behavior: implications for genetic and family environment research.

When twin pairs influence each other's behavior, observed variance is greater for MZ twins than for DZ twins under at least 1 of 2 conditions: (a) the trait has some heritability and (b) MZ twins influence each other more than do DZ twins. Applied to a trait that has an underlying continuous distribution but is measured as a dichotomy, the presence of reciprocal twin influence predicts that if the base rate for the trait is not exactly 50%, then the prevalence of the trait should differ in MZ and DZ twin pairs. This prediction held for registered criminality in a large twin cohort. Methods of analysis that permit reciprocal twin interaction not only provide better statistical fits to the data but also yield estimates of heritability that agree with adoption data. The results suggest that the genetic influence on registered criminality may be more modest than previously thought.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed2000

Actions without consequences: injury-related messages in children's programs.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize children's television programs in terms of their unintentional injury-related messages. DESIGN: Content analysis. Episodes representing a total of 216 unique television programs were coded for the presence of imitable unsafe behaviors without consequences. SETTING: A census of all children's programming airing in a northeastern city during the first week of December 1996. RESULTS: Exactly 47.0% of children's programming depicted at least 1 instance of unsafe, imitable behavior without consequences; one third had more than 3 instances. Exactly 51.0% of the programs targeted to school-age children and 33.4% of the programs targeted to preschoolers contained these unsafe behaviors. The majority (56.8%) of children's programs on basic cable television depicted unsafe behavior as compared with 23.1% of programs shown on public television. Cartoon programs depicted the most unsafe behaviors (60.3%), as compared with live-action programs (33.4%) and other genres (23.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Children's television programs depict too many unsafe behaviors without consequences. Future work should explore the role of these programs in the development of unsafe behaviors in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Imitation of retarded children by their nonretarded peers.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether nonretarded children would imitate the behavior of retarded children who were more competent in an experimental task and to determine whether this imitation would generalize to the selection of the retarded children as task partners in another situation. Each nonretarded observer was allowed to imitate the task behavior of an EMR model when the model was either (a) more competent than the observer, (b) equeally competent, or (c) less competent than the observer in the experimental task. Results indicated that (a) nonretarded observers imitated the behavior of the high competent EMR model significantly more often than the moderately competent model, with the latter in turn being imitated more than the noncompetent model and (b) that girls imitated both low and high competent models more than boys, who were most apt to imitate the behavior of moderately competent models. The data further revealed that competent EMR models were more likely to be chosen as partners on a future game task.

Aptitude↗
PubMed1986

A conceptualization of firesetting in children and adolescents.

Juvenile firesetting has been studied from different perspectives and by multiple disciplines. Although evidence has begun to emerge regarding the antecedents and correlates of firesetting as well as characteristics of firesetters and their families, the findings and their conceptual bases remain somewhat diffuse. This paper integrates major findings reported in the juvenile firesetting literature and provides a tentative model of firesetting risk based on the current evidence. The model highlights several factors within three major domains: learning experiences and cues, personal repertoires, and parent and family influences and stressors. Implications of the model for early identification, diagnosis, and treatment of firesetters are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Social influences on alcohol consumption by black and white males.

Thirty-two black and 32 white male normal drinkers participated in a beer taste test either simultaneously (co-action condition) with a heavy drinking black or white experimental accomplice or while the accomplice completed an art rating task (control observer condition). Subjects in the co-action condition drank significantly more beer (p less than .001) than subjects in the control observer condition, regardless of their race or the race of the accomplice. Subjects' post-experimental questionnaire answers indicated they did not perceive themselves to be in competition with the accomplice. The mechanism underlying the robust co-action facilitation effect on drinking, now demonstrated in several studies and extended to black males in the present study, remains unexplained.

Adolescent↗