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PubMed1975

Analysis of a medical internship.

Considerable discussion concerning the fate of the internship within the postgraduate period of physicians' training has taken place. Some specialty boards have eliminated the requirement of a free-standing internship. However, no replicable study findings defining exactly what an intern does have been reported in the literature. By analyzing the patient experiences that a straight medical intern encountered, the authors of this paper illustrate what many persons have previously said: the traditional internship is unrealistic with respect to the practice of medicine. The intern described here assumed care for acutely ill persons to the exclusion of all other responsibilities. The importance of objective and reproducible record-keeping is emphasized for both established and newly created programs in the primary care specialties.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical engineering internships: a regional hospital-based approach.

Clinical engineering has been defined as that branch of applied science that is concerned with solving problems associated with the clinical aspects of health care delivery and patient care using principles, methods and approaches drawn from engineering science and technology. To prepare individuals for this type of activity requires that they be exposed to the clinical environment during their academic programs. Such an experience permits the student to observe not only the operation of specific medical instruments, but also the environment in which they are used and the people who use them. The nature of this clinical experience may vary in terms of its duration and specificity, but it must occur. Consequently, all clinical engineering programs must contain, as an integral part of their activity, a significant internship experience. This article presents the activities of a regional, hospital-based clinical engineering internship program that has been in operation during the past decade, and highlights the major arguments for the internship approach.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The BMET (biomedical engineering technician) Internship Program at University Hospital Stony Brook, New York.

Biomedical engineering internships can influence the growth and technical competence of biomedical engineering technicians. Internships allow the biomedical engineering department that coordinates the internship program to grow and expand services and create trained, competent technicians. These new technicians become an employment resource for the coordinating biomedical engineering department and other BME departments.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Internships in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Think win-win.

From a student's perspective, completing an internship program is the final, and maybe the most important step in his or her academic career. He or she finally gets a chance to put theory into practice and to see if he or she truly enjoys his or her chosen field. Through hard work and dedication, the efforts should provide her/himself with the practical skills and experiences necessary to propel her/himself into the work force. For the program, having interns can be viewed as just having an "extra hand," but with the proper commitment it can be much more rewarding. It is a unique opportunity to get a fresh new perspective on your own program, and a chance to mold students into eager young professionals. The internship experience truly is a "Win-Win" situation. Through the efforts of combined education--the internship site and the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program working together--they can ensure that tomorrow's practitioners will be of the highest quality.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1975

Attitudes of psychiatric residents toward the necessity of internship.

The authors note that the elimination of the internship requirement for board certification has engendered much discussion and has called attention to the need for further study of training in psychiatry. To help clarify the issue, they investigated demographic and career choice factors, individual internship decisions, and perceptions and feelings about these decisions in 57 psychiatric residents. The results indicate that the career plans of students have a strong influence on their training choices--those who are oriented toward inpatient psychiatry and psychosomatic medicine view the internship as more relevant than those who plan to concentrate in other areas. The authors suggest further research on the relation between career choice and training preferences.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The internship: some disquieting findings.

A natural experiment in psychiatric education took place nationally between 1970 and 1976, when one group of residents entered psychiatry with an internship, and the other without one. In this study 22 psychiatry residents with an internship and 25 without one were compared during their first two years of training. Initial faculty evaluations of the two groups' responsibility, insight, teachability, and knowledge were virtually identical, as were those of their overall performance in inpatient, consultation, and emergency psychiatry. However, ratings of outpatient psychotherapy showed several significant and differences favoring the noninternship group. The authors find these results disquieting. They suggest that interferences with empathy may be an untoward side effect of the internship.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The internship year in psychiatry: a status report.

The reinstitution of the "internship" requirement by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology resulted in the development of a 4-year residence by most residency programs. The authors distributed a questionnaire to more than 200 psychiatry residency directors to collect data concerning the new "internship" year. Their results indicate that there is considerable diversity in the content of the "internship" and general satisfaction with the quality of the experience.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Internship training in psychological assessment: has managed care had an impact?

Training directors of 84 APA-approved internship programs in psychology responded to a survey on the current status and recent changes in internship training in psychological assessment. There appears to be a slight decline in emphasis on assessment in general, although it is still considered to be an important component of training. There was a surprising endorsement of traditional assessment instruments as important for clinical practice, in spite of a trend toward decreased emphasis on projective methods. The majority of programs have maintained the same degree of emphasis on objective measures, intelligence tests, behavioral methods, and the interview, while increasing emphasis on neuropsychological assessment. Less than half (43%) of the training directors reported that their programs have been significantly affected by managed care, suggesting that the majority of internship sites are somewhat insulated from present trends in marketplace pressures regarding reimbursement for psychological testing. The implications of potential future trends are discussed.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Cultivating APNs for the future: a hospital-based advanced practice nursing internship program.

This paper describes a clinical nurse specialist/clinical nurse specialist-nurse practitioner (CNS/CNS-NP) internship program in a tertiary care teaching hospital Hamilton Health Sciences, located in south-central Ontario, Canada. The goal of the program is to increase the number of fully qualified CNS/CNS-NPs in the organization. With this program, Hamilton Health Sciences (HHS) is able to recognize and reward nurses already employed within the hospital. The program assists nurses in transition to the CNS/CNS-NP role while they are completing the required educational requirements. The authors describe the components of the internship program, responsibilities of participants and the infrastructure required to support the program. Overall the internship program is a valuable mechanism for supporting the development of advanced practice roles in the hospital setting.

Educational Measurement↗
PubMed1998

[Rural internship in dentistry in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil].

This paper describes a rural internship experience developed between 1998 and 1993 by the School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University. The objective of this program was to raise the social consciousness of undergraduate students. Extramural activities were carried out in the form of supervised 3-month internships in the dentistry services offered by public health units at several locations in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Besides working in the clinics, students took part in activities aimed at assessing oral health in the community, organizational and programmatic structures of the health services, and priorities, appropriate technology, education, and prevention in oral health. These internships integrated the critical thinking of professors, students, class associations, and service-providing institutions regarding the adequacy of education received by future dentists in addressing the true situation of oral health in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Brazil↗
PubMed1997

Selection criteria for APA-accredited internships stratified by type of site and competitiveness.

As the internship marketplace becomes more competitive, doctoral students and faculty of professional psychology programs must become more knowledgeable of the selection criteria used by APA-accredited internship sites. Clinical experience was identified as one of the most important criteria used for selection by all respondents. However, criteria used by medical schools, university counseling centers, and Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, the three largest suppliers of internships, and by sites reporting low, medium, or high competitiveness appeared to vary as a function of the unique characteristics of the sites.

Accreditation↗
PubMed2001

What happens to unplaced internship applicants in psychology?

Placement outcomes of students who did not secure internship offers on Uniform Notification Day 1997 were examined. An initial survey of unplaced students (n = 168) suggested mixed outcomes for students in obtaining sites after notification day, including negative emotional effects as a result of nonplacement. A follow-up survey completed by 77 students (43 who had not been placed during the original survey and 34 who had) suggested generally high satisfaction and optimism with internship and employment outlook despite their experiences with the internship application process. Accreditation concerns, emotional, time, and financial expenditures, and potential courses of action are discussed. Concrete suggestions for improving the selection system are provided.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Internships: most and least favored aspects among a business school sample.

This study reports the results of a content analysis involving 143 senior and junior year business school students enrolled in a semester-long internship course for credit (74 males and 69 females). Responses to the question, "What did you like most/least about your internship position?" are reported. Positive aspects of internship are discussed in relation to the Job Characteristics Model.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing internships: taking a second look.

Nursing internships are associated with recruitment and retention efforts of hospitals to gain new nursing employees. They are recognized as a benefit to new nursing staff and the hospital as well. Reported to bridge the gap and ease the transition to registered nurse, internships have been reported in the literature for over 30 years. But how effective are they? This article reviews the recent literature for evidence that internship programs improve recruitment and retention, have a positive cost benefit ratio, and ease the role transition of newly employed nurses.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2004

A case for more year-long internships outside metropolitan areas?

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether medical graduates who spent their intern year at a non-metropolitan hospital were more likely to practise outside metropolitan areas on completion of training than were interns in metropolitan hospitals. DESIGN: Retrospective follow-up of doctors who held year-long internships at a non-metropolitan hospital and interns from metropolitan hospitals. SETTING: Ballarat Base Hospital (BBH) (Rural, Remote and Metropolitan Area [RRMA] rural zone) and hospitals in Melbourne and Geelong (RRMA metropolitan zone). PARTICIPANTS: 57/63 (90%) Victorian medical graduates completing internships at BBH between 1989 and 1997 and 126/126 (100%) sex-matched metropolitan interns, chosen at random. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Practice location in 2002. RESULTS: More BBH interns were practising as GPs outside metropolitan areas (44%) than metropolitan interns (13%) (difference, 31%; 95% CI, 17%-45%). The proportion of interns in specialist practice outside metropolitan areas was small for both groups - zero and 3%, respectively (difference, - 3%; 95% CI, - 6% to 0). None of the specialist training posts held by interns were outside metropolitan areas. Of BBH interns entering general practice, 41% (95% CI, 24%-58%) did so in the local health region. CONCLUSIONS: Regional interns are a good source of non-metropolitan GPs, especially locally. Prospective studies to determine the precise influence of regional internships on eventual practice location, and whether more such posts would lead to more graduates entering non-metropolitan practice, would be worthwhile.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1991

Prediction of graduate dietetic internship appointments in Canada.

A statistical model of dietetic intern selection was developed from a profile of selection criteria that was obtained in a 1988 survey of Canadian graduate dietetic internship directors. The model was composed of four clusters of variables that resulted from the most frequently used selection criteria: academic performance, work experience, communication skills, and extracurricular activities. Data from a convenience sample of 39 dietetic intern applicants were analyzed, using principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, to test the model's power to predict success in obtaining an internship appointment. In descending order, the criteria with the greatest predictive powers were: academic performance; extracurricular activities; and supervisory, teaching, or instructing types of work experience. The model accounted for 41% of the differences between those who were successful and those who were not successful in obtaining internship appointments in 1989 and correctly classified 30 of 39 subjects. These results provide baseline data on the predictive power of some criteria used for selecting dietetic interns. These findings suggest the need for a replication study with a randomized national sample to crossvalidate the results obtained in this exploratory research.

Canada↗
PubMed1982

Methodological factors in studying medical graduates: a review of six internship performance studies.

This "state of the art" article examines six internship performance studies of medical school graduates that use rating scales as the vehicle for data collection. The methodological decisions investigators faced in designing the studies are described and the range of options used is illustrated. The content and format of rating forms employed are compared. No methodological standards currently exist for internship performance studies. We call for greater attention to methodological issues in study design, including examination of potential sources of bias. How structural aspects of the internship performance study design may influence the results obtained needs careful study.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1999

[Self-assessment of clinical skills among medical trainees when entering internship during the spring seasons 1998].

The aim of this study is to identify medical trainees' level of self-reported clinical skills when entering internship. A questionnaire was sent to 124 trainees, who were about to enter their internship. The questionnaire included 88 questions on clinical skills, asking the trainees to rate their level of mastership on a Visual Analogue Scale from zero to ten, 0 = not mastering and 10 = mastering. In total one hundred (81%) returned the questionnaire. There is considerable variation in the self reported acquisition of clinical skills in many of the procedures. In some basic procedures most trainees showed a rather high level of mastership, above 7.5, but in other basic procedures about half of the candidates report a level of mastership below 5.0. A more thorough specification of objectives for practical skills would make it easier to plan an effective and efficient training during internship.

Adult↗