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PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian rhythms of electrolyte and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

The circadian rhythms of excretion of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-ohcs) were determined in five normal subjects, in six patients with hyperthyroidism and five with hypothyroidism. Constant diets with identical 3-hourly feedings were employed, and urine collections were made every 3 hrs during a 3-day study period. The circadian patterns of urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and 17-OHCS were similar in all three groups with distinct daytime peaks and nighttime nadirs. The total quantities of the ions and 17-OHCS excreted were greater in hyperthyroid than in hypothyroid patients with the greatest difference noted with the 17-OHCS. The rhythms for calcium, magnesium and phosphorus excretion were accentuated in hyperthyroid patients but similar to those in normal subjects with early morning calcium and magnesium peaks and a phosphorus peak approximately 12 hrs later. While a similar although blunted circadian pattern for calcium and perhaps magnesium excretion was noted in hypothyroid patients, their phosphorus rhythms were distorted and rather flat. These latter results confirm the observation of MINTZ et al. and are compatible with their interpretation that thyroid hormone is permissibly necessary for the expression of a normal phosphaturic rhythm and that the circulating level of thyroid hormone influences the amplitude of the phosphaturic rhythm.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed2001

[Determination of 17-hydroxycorticosteroid by capillary zone electrophoresis].

OBJECTIVE: To detect and dissociate 17-hydroxycorticosteroids(17-OHCS) in urine by using high performance capillary zone electrophoresis(CZE) so as to solve the problem that phenolic compounds interfere with the determination of urine 17-OHCS by chromatographic-spectrophotometry. METHODS: Pigments were absorbed from samples by activated kaolin in which the internal standard was theophyline. Urine 17-OHCS was absorbed by neutral styrene-divinylbenzene resin. Thus pigments and phenolic compounds were separated roughly. Then 17-OHCS was washed down by alcohol and separated and detected by capillary zone electrophoresis. RESULTS: Urinary 17-OHCS was separated successfully. Urinary 17-OHCS had a good linearity in the range of 2-50 mg.L-1 (r = 0.994). The average recovery rate was 96.17%. The relative standard deviation was less than 5%. The consistence detection limit was 0.3 mg.L-1. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with chromatographic-spectrophotometry, the high performance capillary electrophoresis has much less interference and is more simple, rapid, and accurate.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1992

[Considerations in clinical testing--implications of urinary 17-ketosteroid sulfate and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid measurements for stress research].

With the recent increase in number of patients with stress, the search is continuing for health-indicators that can be used to determine stress reliably and quickly. These indicators rely on subjective evaluations, and the establishment of an objective method of determining stress is necessary. We have developed a method involving the determination of the 17-Ketosteroid sulfates (17-KS-S) which has proved valuable for stress research. By simultaneous measurement of both 17-KS-S and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS), which have different biological significance, and which originate from the adrenal gland, an organic Yin-Yang evaluation of the adrenocortical function can be made. The two values (mainly the 17-KS-S values) are closely correlated to the biological stress state as evaluated from psychosocial factors. This method should prove to be valuable in the clinic as an objective method of determining stress.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1991

[Urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and 17-ketosteroids in workers producing iron-manganese alloys].

Excretion of suprarenal hormones' metabolites was examined in workers producing ferro-manganese alloys. The subjects were exposed to manganese, iron , chromium compounds, thermal radiation, high temperature and noise. In comparison to the control group, those examined workers had increased excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. It can be assumed that this increase results from organism's physiological adaptation to negative environmental and working conditions.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1977

[Determination of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids in stress-evoking interventions as an endocrinological test].

Determinations of the 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) in intervention evoking stress proved as advantageous method for the estimation of the ACTH-reserve. After pneumencephalography or transethmoidal-transsphenoidal operations of the hypophysis intensive increase of 11-OHCS in the plasma and urine were observed, when the ACTH-reserve was intact. The investigations give the possibility of renouncing additional special functional tests.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1976

Improved assay for urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.

We describe a simple, rapid, reliable method for determining urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. A neutral resin (Amberlite XAD-2), which is a non-ionic cross-linked polystyrene, is used to extract and concentrate the steroids, which are then quantitatively determined with the Porter-Silber reaction. Use of the resin eliminates the need for enzymatic hydrolysis and n-butanol extractions, thereby decreasing analysis time considerably; results can be obtained within 3 h of receipt of specimens. Most of the nonsteroidal Porter-Silber chromogens are removed, resulting in a method that is highly specific and sensitive, even at low concentrations (0.6 mg/liter), and so more accurate and reproducible than currently used methods.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1989

[Levels of progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol and 11-hydroxycorticosteroid in the blood in cows in different types of puerperal conditions].

Changes in progesterone (P4), 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and 11-hydroxycorticosteroid (11-OHCS) concentrations in blood plasma were determined in daily intervals from the day of parturition to day 15 post partum (p.p.) in cows with physiological puerperium (n = 8), with puerperal endometritis (n = 6), and with placenta retention (n = 6). Cows with puerperium disorders (endometritis, placenta retention) had significantly higher P4 levels in the period from day 3 to day 7 p.p. than cows with physiological puerperium. E2 concentrations decreased to basal values following the parturition in cows with spontaneous parturitions and subsequent expulsion of the placenta. A delayed decrease in E2 concentrations after parturition and a significant increase on day 5 and day 7 p.p. were recorded in the group of animals with placenta retention. Significantly higher levels of 11-OHCS in blood plasma were detected by day 5 or by day 8 p.p. in cows with placenta retention and puerperal endometritis. Extraovarial sources of sexual steroids resulting in endocrine malfunctions are discussed as well as likely consequences for puerperium.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1986

[Comparison between the value of urinary free cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome].

The usefulness for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome of urinary free cortisol and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) determination was compared by measuring these substances in 17 normal and 28 obese subjects and in 19 patients with established Cushing's syndrome. These measurements were repeated in 16 obese subjects and 11 Cushing's syndrome patients after oral administration of dexamethasone (2 mg/day for 2 days, then 8 mg/day for 2 days). As a group, the patients with Cushing's syndrome had higher (p less than 0.001) excretion rate of both free cortisol and 17-OHCS, but the values observed in this group overlapped with those of normal and obese subjects. The overlap was not significantly different for free cortisol and 17-OHCS excretion. In each obese subject, oral dexamethasone decreased the urinary excretion rate of both free cortisol and 17-OHCS. Seven out of the eleven patients with Cushing's syndrome had no decrease of urinary free cortisol or 17-OHCS, whereas both values were slightly lower in one and decreased to levels similar to those obtained in obese subjects in the three remaining patients. It is concluded that there is no advantage in measuring free cortisol excretion instead of 17-OHCS excretion, either before of after a pituitary-adrenal suppression test, for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1988

Potassium permanganate used to eliminate interference with the Porter-Silber reaction in the butanol extraction method for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.

We describe a simple, rapid, and less interference-susceptible method for using the Porter-Silber reaction for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids. The procedure is based on butanol extraction of the steroids after the urine sample is treated with potassium permanganate and sodium bisulfite. These treatments, together with an additional acid- and alkali-washing of the extract, could eliminate most of the substances in urine that interfere with the Porter-Silber reactions. Values so obtained correlated well (r = 0.95) with those by Furuya's method in which beta-glucuronidase is used. Our method may be useful and suitable for a screening test of adrenocortical and pituitary functions.

1-Butanol↗
PubMed1987

Studies on circadian periodicity of plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) in tropical pulmonary eosinophilia.

Circadian periodicity of plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) was studied in ten healthy controls and 25 patients with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE). Subjects were synchronized for 1 week with diurnal activity from 0600 to 2200 hr and nocturnal rest; meals were taken at 0830, 1300, and 2030 hr. No medications were administered. TPE patients were divided into three subgroups of fourteen, seven, and four each according to the hour of the worsening of their symptoms. Blood samples were collected at 8-hr intervals at fixed clock hours for 24 hr, starting at 0800 in all four groups. We noted a marked rhythm in plasma 17-OHCS in controls, with significant amplitude and an acrophase at 1033 hr. Similarly, all TPE patients exhibited a definite rhythm in plasma 17-OHCS with significant amplitude irrespective of the time of worsening of symptoms, suggesting thereby no relationship between worsening of symptoms and the rhythm. Thus the circadian nature and normal concentration of plasma 17-OHCS were observed to be similar in healthy controls and TPE patients.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1987

Circadian periodicity of plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in advanced breast cancer.

Circadian periodicity of plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) was studied in ten patients with advanced breast cancer and ten healthy volunteers. A marked rhythm in plasma 17-OHCS concentration was noticed in normal controls; the maximum concentration occurred at 0800 hr followed by a consistent decline throughout the daytime, reaching a minimum at 0000 hr. The circadian rhythm of plasma 17-OHCS was found to be deranged in six of the patients with breast cancer, but a normal rhythmic pattern was seen in the remaining four patients, although the values remained elevated at all time points of the 24-hr cycle in the patients with breast cancer compared to the healthy volunteers. The normal and altered plasma 17-OHCS rhythms in the patients presumably could be due to individual susceptibility and response to the pathophysiological stress of cancer.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of chromatographic fractionation of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids for choosing the cortisone acetate dose in treating patients with primary chronic adrenal cortical failure].

To find laboratory criteria reflecting the correction of primary chronic adrenal insufficiency (PCAI) during cortisone acetate therapy 17-hydroxycorticosteroid urinary fractions of 10 patients were compared to those in normal subjects using thin-layer chromatography in silica gel. As no differences were revealed between the urinary levels of hydrocortisone(F), cortisone(E), tetrahydro-II-desoxyhydrocortisone (THT) in PCAI patients treated with cortisone acetate and in normals the author suggested selecting the supportive dosages of cortisone acetate with regard to the assessment of F, E, and THT concentrations (except for the cases of suprarenal crisis). In clinical medicine the assessment of THT levels alone would be quite sufficient.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of alcohol on the 11-hydroxycorticosteroid and 17-ketogenic steroid levels in man taking into account biorhythms].

Circadian rhythms of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) in blood plasma and 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGS) in urine in health and for 3 days after a single intake of 40 per cent alcohol (6.2 ml/kg) from 17.00 to 18.00 were studied in 20 healthy men volunteers aged 20 to 26 years. Alcohol considerably raised the level of 11-OHCS and 17-KGS during its circulation in the blood. After ethanol elimination was completed, there was a decrease in the level of corticosteroids, which was observed even on the 2nd day after alcoholization during rhythm acrophases. Alcoholization resulted in variations of the mesors, amplitudes and acrophases of circadian rhythms throughout two days. The recovery of normal time structure occurred on the 3d day.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma catecholamines and 11-hydroxycorticosteroids during interaction between hexamethonium and noradrenaline.

Intravenous infusion of noradrenaline leads to much higher elevation of concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the rabbit plasma in the presence than in the absence of hexamethonium. This effect is related to stimulation of the hypophyseal-adrenal axis, as adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy prevents it. The stimulation of the system takes place without involvement of circulatory reflexes. The 11-hydroxycorticosteroid levels in plasma increase also under the influence of the interaction in hypophysectomized animals, but this does not affect the level of noradrenaline. The causes of this phenomenon are discussed in the light of data on inhibitory effect of steroids on the extraneuronal uptake of catecholamines.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1983

[Circadian rhythms of 11-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion in rats administered cortisol at different times of the day].

Male Wistar rats housed under the conditions of 12L : 12D, 24 +/- 1 degree C and free access to food and water received isotonic sodium chloride solution or cortisol in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg, respectively. Daily stress or cortisol injections in the morning or evening are the synchronizers of 11-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion rhythm. Morning stress leads to the increase of the 12-hour rhythm. On the contrary, evening stress or cortisol administration during maximal endogenous secretion of corticosteroids are associated with the elevation of circadian periodicity. Exogenic changes in the rhythmic organization of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical system are followed by activation of adaptive processes involved in the normalization of the initially modified glucocorticoid rhythm.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes of plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and catecholamines levels during noradrenalinaemia and adrenalinaemia in non-anaesthetized sheep.

In experiments on non-anaesthetized sheep it was found that after noradrenaline (NA) administration the plasma level of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) increased, similarly as the level of endogenous adrenaline (A). During noradrenalinaemia the rise in the plasma concentration of these hormones depended on the dose of NA. It was demonstrated that the released 11-OHCS retained the injected NA in the circulation. Similar changes occurred during adrenalinaemia. In the paper the connection is discussed between inhibition of the extraneuronal uptake of plasma catecholamines and their exchange for the stored endoneural catecholamines.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in hepatic tryptophan pyrrolase activity and plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroid levels in rats after single and protracted alcohol administration and withdrawal].

Single administration of ethanol in doses of 3 and 5 g/kg per os caused a 4--5fold increase in plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids after one hour and an approximately 2 fold increase in liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity after 5 hours. Adrenalectomy abolished the effect of ethanol. Prolonged alcoholization of rats with 2--10% solutions of ethanol ad libitum resulted in the decreased tryptophan pyrrolase activity 2 months after the experiment was initiated. This effect seems likely to be accounted for by the inhibition of the synthesis of this enzyme and its activation by steroid hormones. Withdrawal of ethanol after 2-month alcoholization was associated with an appreciable potentiation of tryptophan pyrrolase activity.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1981

Participation of the aortal nerve in reflectory release of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids during noradrenalinemia.

Intravenous infusion of 30 micrograms/kg noradrenaline (NA) produced reflectory pituitary-dependent release of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) in rabbits and sheep. It has been demonstrated that the afferent tract carrying the impulses stimulating this process runs from the circulatory system in aortal nerves (nn. depressores). The study has revealed the relationship between the increase in the plasmatic levels of 11-OHCS and endogenous adrenaline (A) during pharmacologically induced noradrenalinemia.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗