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Results for “Health Transition”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The health transition: the cultural inflation of morbidity during the decline of mortality.

It has become commonplace to observe that as mortality falls, morbidity levels rise. The question is why? The explanation offered here stresses the multidimensional nature of morbidity, and the important role that diverse cultural forces have on the patterns of behaviour which underlie reporting behaviour during modernization. These forces involve rising health expectations on the part of ordinary people, including their ability to perceive illness and their willingness to seek professional help, and institutional pressures on medical professionals which reward them for discovering and treating an ever-growing set of non-fatal diseases. Since non-Western developing countries are training physicians to practice scientific medicine, are educating their citizens to think about disease along modern lines, and measure morbidity as developed countries do, there is every reason to suppose that as mortality falls in these countries, morbidity will rise, just as it has done in the developed world.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disease emergence and health transitions in the last millennium.

For most of the first millennium, average expectation of life was only 30 or 40 years. The beginning of the 20th century saw the start of improvements, which by the century's end meant that a baby boy could expect an average 75 years of life, a baby girl even longer. The successes of the 20th century were not products of advances in medicine alone, but consequences of the great sanitary reforms that fuelled the public health movement in late Victorian Britain. However, health challenges also grew and changed: the rise in so-called modern epidemics (coronary heart disease, cancer, accidents and mental illness); the ageing of the population; the containment of the costs of rapid technological advances; the marked and intractable inequalities in health status between rich and poor, and between North and South. The dawn of a new millennium sees many of these health problems carried over from the late 20th century, whilst communicable diseases, once thought conquered, continue to pose a serious threat to human health because of their global significance. This paper traces progress in the health of the population and identifies some of the key challenges for medicine in the 21st century.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

California healthy and ready to work transition health care guide: developmental guidelines for teaching health care self-care skills to children.

This article presents developmental guidelines that can be used by parents and nurses for teaching children health care self-care skills. These guidelines are intended to provide a framework for instructing parents and nurses about the developmentally appropriate skills children can learn to become self sufficient in managing their own health care needs. The guidelines are based on the developmental frameworks of Piaget and Erikson and self-care models of Orem. Although general in scope, these guidelines can be individualized to the needs of each child.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Transitioning health care marketing into the twenty-first century.

With this issue, Marketing Health Services unveils an interview with an expert in health care marketing. As seen through the eyes of an industry leader, this regular feature identifies the cutting-edge developments, innovative approaches, and new ideas expected to significantly contribute to marketing in health care. In the first interview, Terrence J. Rynne, who, through his marketing consulting firm has served more than 600 hospitals nationwide, discusses the biggest trends in health care marketing and the top marketing approaches.

Forecasting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transitional health system and health status in Hungary].

The road towards political freedom has been painful to the Hungarian population. After 1989, the per capita GDP has sharply decreased, and the 1989 level has been reached again only a decade later. During the period, a great number of reforms have been launched in the health field: privatisation, adoption of a Bismarckian-like model, decentralization, performance-search measures... One cannot say however that these reforms have been successful. Low priority for health, vastage of the scarce resources allocated to the health care system, conflicts for power between the groups and institutions ... have seriously weakened the performance of all the system. Simultaneously, the financial burden charged to the patients has increased and the unhealthy lifestyle of the population has not decreased. In its 2000 Report on the world health, WHO has noted that Hungary is ranked 36th for per capita GDP, 59th for per capita health expenditures but 105th for the performance of its health care system.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Elements for a theory of transition in health].

This article presents the basic elements for developing a theory of the health transition. Such elements include the definition of concepts, the specification of a framework on the determinants of health status, the analysis of the mechanisms through which changes in health occur in populations, the characterization of the attributes that allow us to identify different transition models, and the enumeration of the possible consequences of the transition. The propositions are presented with a sufficient level of generality as to make them applicable to different contexts; at the same time, an attempt is made to provide them with the necessary specificity to account for different national experiences, thus opening a space for future comparative research efforts. Through the systematization exercise presented in this paper, we hope to contribute to the progress of a topic that has gained growing importance during recent years. Such importance is due to the enormous potential that health transition theory has for understanding and transforming the growing complexity of our times.

Birth Rate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of the health care system transition: what the health care users think].

The project "Analysis of transition of health care system in Croatia" was started in order to research the effects of health care system changes. The aim was to research specific characteristics of transitional period through evaluation of health status, quality of life, and quality of health care. Total of 331 general practitioners, 2,252 patients and 5,048 inhabitants were included in the research. The Croatian version of SF-36 questionnaire was licensed to Andrija Stampar School of Public Health in order to assess health-related quality of life. Men, younger and better-educated respondents achieved higher scores in SF-36 quality of life assessment. Quality of life is lower in Croatia than in Western European countries. 85.3% of respondents were satisfied with physicians' behaviour. Two components of physician's behaviour were obtained--competence/expertise and empathy. These results could contribute to better understanding of health care reform effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Health care: a social contract in transition.

Health care reform around the world is born in considerable measure of the need to reconcile our growing capacity to provide effective health care with diminishing economic means to sustain this capacity indefinitely. It is precisely under these circumstances that the conflict between individual rights to health care and the state's responsibilities to provide it becomes unavoidable. Although it cannot be eliminated, the conflict can be managed. But the task requires us to go beyond formulating economic policies or designing new structural systems for delivering health care. It requires an understanding of the purpose of health care for individuals and society. It includes stipulating limitations for individual rights and state responsibilities. Because of these limitations, the task must be guided by the requirements of justice. Health care as both a private and common good is at the center of a distributive struggle. At one level the focus of this struggle is economic and political. At another level it is moral and revolves around the concept of health itself, considered in its biological, psychological and social dimensions. Here the issue becomes health as a right, together with the implications such a right has for our efforts to balance the freedom of individual health-related behavior with the interests of the public's health. What, in that balance, are the rights of the individual and the responsibilities of the state? Can the individual citizen hold the state accountable for securing the conditions necessary for health? Can the state hold its citizens accountable for irresponsible health-related behavior? A discussion of providing liver transplantation sheds considerable light on these questions, while suggesting a paradigm for use with general health care services. Central to this paradigm is the welfare concept of right, balanced by the understanding that a citizen's claim on health care services is limited. In the final analysis, justice in health care will be achieved through a division of labor, at the center of which there is a set of reasonable and binding expectations shared reciprocally between the individual and the state.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed2002

A consensus statement on health care transitions for young adults with special health care needs.

This policy statement represents a consensus on the critical first steps that the medical profession needs to take to realize the vision of a family-centered, continuous, comprehensive, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally competent health care system that is as developmentally appropriate as it is technically sophisticated. The goal of transition in health care for young adults with special health care needs is to maximize lifelong functioning and potential through the provision of high-quality, developmentally appropriate health care services that continue uninterrupted as the individual moves from adolescence to adulthood. This consensus document has now been approved as policy by the boards of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine.

Adolescent↗