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PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutrition, energy consumption and various health status indicators in women engaged in intellectual work].

A study was made of factual nutrition, energy consumption and the disease incidence among women teachers and research workers. The diets of these women were marked by excess caloric value (16-21% above normal) at the expense of high protein consumption (15-30% above normal), including animal proteins (20-40% above normal), total fats (14-40% above normal) and carbohydrates (11-22% above normal) and by the lack in the diet of vegetable fats, vitamins A and C, and calcium. Analysis of the disease incidence demonstrated that 16% of the women suffer from cardiovascular diseases, 5% from gastrointestinal diseases, 17% from overweight and 20% from obesity.

Calcium, Dietary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health status indicators: features of the economic approach].

Quality of Life (QoL) instruments are often considered similar, since they all concern subjective health state valuations. Actually, among the set of QoL scales, it is possible to distinguish two approaches, different in terms of both goals and tools. The clinical approach elicits functional limitations as perceived by patients, the economic approach is aimed at solving allocation problems generated by scarsity of resources. The major goal of this article is to analyse the economic approach to health state subjective valuation. By using QoL questionnaires, economists attempt to set up quantitative indexes which can value any kind of health outcome. Thus the economic approach seems to be more ambitious than the clinical one. However, the results so far achieved are quite disappointing, especially if compared to those of the clinical approach. In particular, economic scales still suffer a general lack of validation, due to the scarcity of studies conducted on relevant samples. Accordingly, indexes now available seem to require substantial revision. In general, further significant efforts seem necessary to improve the methodology inside the field of HRQoL measures. Integrating the two approaches, as recently attempted, could be a sound strategy.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

[Estimating the value of disability-free life expectancy for western countries in the last decade. How can this new health status indicator be used?].

Disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) is an indicator of the mean duration of life in good health, based on the measurement of mortality combined with the measurement of disability. To date, some experimental calculations have been carried out mainly in Canada, England, France, the Netherlands and the United States of America. Taking these studies as a whole, disability-free life expectancy in the last decade can be estimated at about 59 years for men and about 63 years for women. The share of years of disability within life expectancy ranges from 11% to 27%. The calculations show that women suffer disability for a greater part of their life expectancy than men. The calculations also reveal social inequalities in health. Health authorities in Western countries are showing increasing interest in this indicator today. The main points in its favour are its simplicity in practice, its usefulness for determining objectives, allocating resources, measuring the success or failure of health policies, assessing current needs and defining future scenarios.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Psychosomatic symptom formation as a health status indicator in early adolescence: behavioral epidemiologic analysis].

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: In adolescence, due to the ongoing biological-hormonal and psychosocial changes, the formation of psychosomatic symptoms becomes more frequent. The psychosomatic symptom formation has an influence on adolescents' self-perceived health as well as on their later health and illness related attitudes and behaviors. The main goal of the present study has been to detect the occurrence of psychosomatic symptoms among early adolescents, and to see the impact of psychosocial and psychological variables on the symptom formation. METHODS: In the frame of the South Plain Youth Study, the survey was going on among middle school aged students (N = 548, classes 5-8, mean age of 12.2 years). Data were collected by means of self-completed questionnaires which contained items on sociodemographics (age, gender, parental schooling, socioeconomic status of the family), mapping psychosomatic symptoms, and certain psychosocial and psychological variables affecting psychosomatic symptom formation (such as academic achievement, health-compromising behaviors, the lack of aggression control and social comparison). Statistical analyses included chi2 test, student's t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS: Fatigue proved to be the most frequent psychosomatic symptoms in both sexes which was followed by headache and lower back pain. These latter symptoms were more common among girls (p < 0.001). Good academic achievement was a protective factor (p < 0.05), while the lack of aggression control increased the psychosomatic symptom formation (boys: beta = 0.37, p < 0.001, girls: beta = 0.21, p < 0.01). Smoking (beta = 0.24, p < 0.01) and social comparison (beta = 0.16, p < 0.05) were predictors only among girls. CONCLUSION: The results draw the attention to the importance of psychosomatic symptom formation in clinical practice. Beyond the difficulties in differential diagnosis, all efforts should be made to start a causal therapy of the latent psychosocial problems so as to prevent the onset of more serious ill health states.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1995

A health status indicator for the Chinese elderly in Hong Kong.

This paper proposes an instrument comprising of 28 questions on seven dimensions to assess the quality of life of a subpopulation. Our hierarchical model which utilizes Thurstone's Law of comparative judgment and Mckenna's modification will give a score from 0 to 100 of an individual's overall health quality. Also reported are the results of an implementation of the instrument on an elderly Chinese subpopulation in Hong Kong.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of health status indicators from the point of view of risk factors and premorbid conditions].

Proceeding from the questionnaire survey on the genesis order of nosologic symptoms in 1672 patients and 2769 healthy people there are identified the following stages of prepathology: background biomedical state with risk factors--precarious period--premorbid stage--prenosologic state. The syndromes differentiating the above stages of prepathologic states are enumerated and the classification of risk factors is presented. The proposed diagnostic procedure needs no special laboratory equipment and extra cost, is rather simple and can be easily used by outpatient physicians. Thus there appears the possibility of timely elimination of unfavourable components of the registrar of health and risk factors (sanitary propaganda and correcting therapy) that can raise efficacy of primary disease prevention.

Bashkiria↗
PubMed1998

[Social health evolution in Vall d'Uixó. Application of multivariate analysis as a new health status indicator method].

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the relative position of Vall d'Uixó within the province of Castellón, the Valencian Community and Spain. DESIGN: The study covers the period from 1981 to 1993. A multivariate analysis of the main components was performed. This compared the interrelationship of these indicators in the different zones analysed. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Our study focused on an area of 27,387 population, geographically within the province of Castellón in the south-west of La Plana county. RESULTS: The analysis showed that Vall d'Uixó had a low level of development and little economic activity. It had a relatively young population. CONCLUSIONS: The health problems were linked to the social and economic situation. Apart from the re-creation of industrial jobs, it would be desirable to improve programmes to monitor TB and cardiovascular diseases.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of supermethrin, an insecticide, on health status indicators in sheep during subchronic poisoning].

The effect of supermethrin on the overall health with respect to weight gains, diet intake, triad values (body temperature, pulse rate and breathing rate) and potential intoxication signs was investigated in sheep of the Slovak Mertino breed (age of 8 months, males and females) during 6-week feeding of the insecticide supermethrin (Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Bratislava). This insecticide supermethrin contains a cyanide group in its molecule and can be included in the group of type II pyrethroids. It is an analog of cypermethrin and it has a different proportion of cis- and trans-isomers. Supermethrin mixed with molasses feed M was administered daily at a dose of 50 mg/kg (about 1/70 of LD50) to five sheep of experimental group I, at a dose of 200 mg/kg (about 1/15 of LD50) to five sheep of experimental group II, and the dose increased from 200 mg to 300 mg/kg l.w. (about 1/20 of LD50) since the fourth week of trial. The main signs of its toxic action involved depressive effects on weight gains (Fig. 4) Over the whole period of trial, the live weight rose by 5.44 +/- 1.94 kg in control group, by 2.66 +/- 1.48 kg in experimental group I, which equates a significant decrease by 51.10% and only 0.34 +/- 0.95 kg in experimental group II, which equates a decrease in weight gains by up to 93.75% against the control. We do not believe that the growth depression can be related to diet intake. There were no larger differences in feed intake between the experimental groups and the control. The growth depression was caused by incessant diarrhea. The patho-morphological examination did not reveal hyperemia and/or intestinal inflammation, the histological examination did not show any lesions of epithelium in the intestinal mucosa. An increase in supermethrin dose from 200 to 300 mg/kg l.w. resulted in signs coming from the CNS. Hypersensibility manifested by moderate unrest, head and neck shaking after auditory, and especially after touch stimuli was observed. This tremor was increasing to became spontaneous 3-4 days before trial termination. The above findings clearly suggest that supermethrin administration at lower doses has harmful effects primarily on the digestive tract, but at higher doses these effects are more intensive accompanied by the effects on the CNS. No negative effects on pulse rate (Fig. 1), breathing rate (Fig. 2) and internal body temperature (Fig. 3) were recorded.

Animals↗