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Results for “HEMIANOPSIA”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Plaques causing hemianopsia or quadrantanopsia in multiple sclerosis identified by MRI and VEP.

Four patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) gave evidence of demyelinating plaques that produced a form of visual loss atypical of MS, i.e. homonymous quadrantanopsia (women, 22 and 30 years), and homonymous hemianopsia (men, 30 and 42 years). Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified areas with increased signal intensity situated corresponding to the observed visual field defects. The results of visual evoked potentials (VEP) were in accordance with what should be expected from anatomical considerations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient vertical monocular hemianopsia with anomalous retinal artery branching.

A 62-year-old man reported 6 stereotyped attacks of transient loss of vision in the lateral visual field of the right eye and was subsequently found to have right internal carotid artery occlusion. Fundoscopy revealed an anomalous central retinal artery branching whereby a single stem vessel supplied the superior and inferior nasal quadrants of the retina. Circulatory insufficiency in this anomalous stem could explain the occurrence of vertical monocular hemianopsia as an unusual manifestation of ipsilateral carotid artery atherosclerosis.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Occipital infarction with hemianopsia from carotid occlusive disease.

Extracranial internal carotid artery occlusive disease usually produces stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory or the border zone between the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. It is unusual for occipital infarction in the posterior cerebral artery territory to be caused by internal carotid artery disease despite the fact that the posterior cerebral artery may arise directly from the internal carotid artery as an anatomic variation. We describe a patient with a fetal posterior cerebral artery originating from the internal carotid artery, and the initial manifestation of his extracranial internal carotid artery occlusive disease was hemianopsia from occipital infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Functional outcome for patients with hemiparesis, hemihypesthesia, and hemianopsia. Does lesion location matter?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, and hemianopsia ("HHH" deficits) due to stroke may have large cortical lesions caused by middle cerebral trunk vessel occlusion or smaller subcortical lesions due to lenticulostriate involvement. We studied the usefulness of lesion location in predicting functional recovery within this syndrome. METHODS: We reviewed our records and found 41 patients who had a single ischemic hemispheric stroke, HHH deficits, and an available CT scan performed more than 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. CT scans were read independently and blindly by the authors. Lesions were initially categorized by arterial distribution on the basis of CT templates published by Kinkel. The numerous combinations of arterial branch vessel occlusions observed did not allow for statistical analyses because of the small number of subjects within each subgroup. Lesions were therefore classified as cortical (C), subcortical (S), or mixed (M). RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the three anatomic groups for age, sex, interval after stroke, Mini-Mental Status Examination score, or admission Barthel Index score. Functional outcome measures did not differ significantly for the three groups: mean +/- SD discharge Barthel score (C, 64 +/- 31; S, 47 +/- 20; M, 57 +/- 21), length of stay ([days] C, 64 +/- 25; S, 77 +/- 24; M, 73 +/- 28), and frequency of nursing home placement (C, 4/8; S, 3/6; M, 2/16). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with HHH deficits, the anatomic location of the lesion (C versus S versus M) does not affect functional outcome.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Homonymous bilateral hemianopsia: electrophysiological study of a case.

Described is a case of bilateral homonymous hemianopsia with macular sparing, resulting from head trauma. The case presented lesions of the occipital visual areas which involved entirely the left hemisphere and only partially the right hemisphere. VEP were obtainable only from electrodes placed on the right hemisphere with both right eye and left eye stimulation. VEP mapping showed that each eye projects macular fibres towards functional areas of the right occipital hemisphere. Electrophysiological examination confirmed objectively and for the first time in man the theory of "double cortical macular representation". Clinical implications of this finding are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Transient left homonymous hemianopsia and encephalopathy following treatment of testicular carcinoma with cisplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin.

A 36-year-old man being treated with cisplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin for testicular carcinoma developed a dense left homonymous hemianopsia, encephalopathy, and a partial nondominant parietal lobe syndrome. He subsequently had a resolution of all signs and symptoms, suggesting that these alarming events were a toxic but reversible side effect of the chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Transient bitemporal hemianopsia during pregnancy after treatment of galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome with bromocriptine.

A patient is described with a galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome and an enlargement of the sella turcica. Pregnancy occurred after induction of ovulation with bromocriptine (and 2.5 years after pituitary irradiation). Periodic assessment of the visual fields showed an increase in size of the blind spots after 10 weeks and a moderate bitemporal hemianopsia after 22 weeks, which improved spontaneously after 30 weeks of pregnancy. One month after delivery the visual field of the left eye was almost normalized, while that of the right eye showed a definite improvement. Prior radiotherapy need not prevent visual complications from enlargement of pituitary adenomas during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Partially thrombosed aneurysm presenting as the sudden onset of bitemporal hemianopsia.

A case is presented in which the sudden onset of bitemporal hemianopsia was caused by partial thrombosis associated with enlargement of an unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The features of the sequential computed tomographic scans resembled those of pituitary apoplexy, reemphasizing the necessity for cerebral angiography in preoperative evaluation. The clinical significance of the warning signs of cerebral aneurysm during the era of computed tomography is discussed.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed2006

[Dual cause of blindness: chorioretinitis sclopetaria and homonymous hemianopsia].

CLINICAL CASE: We describe the case of a man who, after a gunshot wound to the right facial region, exhibited chorioretinitis sclopetaria of the right eye and a contralateral homonymous hemianopsia. DISCUSSION: Chorioretinitis sclopetaria is a rare entity resulting from an ocular injury caused by a bullet passing through the orbit. It is not common to find the condition associated with a damaged visual field caused by the subsequent path traversed and lodging of that bullet in the brain.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Crossed-quadrant homonymous hemianopsia.

This case report illustrates the clinicopathological correlation between the anatomic defect of bilateral occipital lobe infarction with crossed-quadrant homonymous hemianopsia that resulted from a cervical spine injury. Routine ophthalmological and neuroradiological investigations were undertaken, including magnetic resonance imaging scanning, that demonstrate some important characteristics of this rare field defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bitemporal hemianopsia in basilar artery aneurysm.

A 10-year-old boy had a 4-month history of blurred vision and severe occipital headaches. Visual acuity was diminished bilaterally, but ophthalmoscopy was normal, and the correct diagnosis was delayed until inferior bitemporal defects were found. Cranial CT scans and vertebral angiograms demonstrated a giant aneurysm at the bifurcation of the basilar artery. Bitemporal hemianopsia occurring in children is usually due to craniopharyngioma or chiasmal glioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient whose chiasmal syndrome was due to a basilar artery aneurysm and whose visual deficit improved after occlusion of the aneurysm.

Basilar Artery↗
PubMed1982

Crossed-quadrant homonymous hemianopsia. The "checkerboard" field defect.

A 70-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease suffered an abrupt loss of vision in June 1980. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination in August 1981 revealed 20/20+ acuity in both eyes, but quantitative perimetry disclosed a classic crossed-quadrant homonymous hemianopsia. This is known as the "checkerboard" visual field defect; a right upper quadrantanopsia as well as a left lower quadrantanopsia. A review of the eight previously reported cases is presented. A trial with "checkerboard" Fresnel prisms gave only a slight improvement in ambient field in this patient. The significance of that point is discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first patient with a "checkerboard" occipital lobe infarction pattern documented by computed tomography.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Videoprocessing pupillographic perimetry in hemianopsia (author's transl)].

In cases of homonymous hemianopsia, with the aid of pupillographic perimetry it is possible to differentiate between infra- or suprageniculate lesions. Principally the validity of Wernicke's theory remains unchanged. However in processes in the central visual pathways a hemihypokinesia of varying degree may be found. In the blind visual fields so far in our cases a congruence between pupillographic and perimetric thresholds has not been confirmed. The phenomenon of hemihypokinesia of the pupil is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Alexia without agraphia, right homonymous hemianopsia, and color anomia. Report of four cases with location of the lesion by computerized axial tomography of the brain (author's transl)].

Two patients with left occipitotemporal hematomas and another two with ischemic lesions in the territory of the left posterior cerebral artery presented alexia without agraphia, right homonymous hemianopsia, and a disturbance in the naming of colors. The etiology and the location of the lesion was demonstrated by computerized axial tomography in all four cases. After a period of follow-up of more than one year a good evolution was substantiated in the patients with hematoma. The mechanisms underlying the appearance of symptoms are discussed, and a comment is made on the importance of the splenium of the corpus callosum in the transfer of visual impulses, with the dissociations appearing in the disconnection syndromes due to lesions at this level.

Anomia↗
PubMed1979

Traumatic bitemporal hemianopsia: case report.

Bitemporal hemianopsia due to trauma to the optic chiasm is uncommon following head injury. In the patient described, a hemianopic field defect was seen 12 days after frontal basilar skull fracture. We feel the cause is intrachiasmatic contusion, edema, and hemorrhage. Serial ophthalmologic examinations and possibly use of steroids are recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Isolated homonymous lateral hemianopsia revealing central nervous system toxoplasmosis as the initial manifestation of AIDS.

A 25-year-old-healthy man, with previous history of parenteral drug abuse, developed a left homonymous hemianopsia. Computed tomographic scanning showed a single ring enhancing lesion in the right parieto-occipital area. After the demonstration of seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus and high serum immunoglobulin G antibody titer against Toxoplasma gondii, a diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an AIDS patient was made. An isolated visual field defect revealing cerebral toxoplasmosis may be the first presentation of AIDS. Opportunistic cerebral lesions should be always considered in subjects at risk for AIDS who present focal neurological signs.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗