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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clinicopathologic findings resembling hypoadrenocorticism in dogs with primary gastrointestinal disease.

Nine dogs with primary gastrointestinal disease had clinical and laboratory findings resembling hypoadrenocorticism. The dogs had histories of anorexia, weakness or lethargy, diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss. Hypothermia, dehydration, and emaciation also were detected on physical examination. Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and abnormally low Na/K ratios were found on laboratory evaluation, but results of ACTH-response tests were not compatible with hypoadrenocorticism. The primary diagnoses were trichuriasis and salmonellosis in 2 dogs, trichuriasis in 5 dogs, and perforated duodenal ulcer in 2 dogs. Most dogs responded to medical or surgical treatment of their primary gastrointestinal disease, and the original electrolyte abnormalities resolved. These findings emphasize the importance of the ACTH-response test in the diagnostic evaluation of dogs with clinicopathologic findings similar to those of hypoadrenocorticism.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic application of lasers in gastrointestinal disease.

Laser therapy in gastrointestinal disease offers ever-increasing possibilities for therapeutic endoscopy with the prospect of reducing hospitalization, morbidity and mortality in many conditions traditionally treated by conventional surgery, as well as the opportunity to provide worthwhile palliation for previously inoperable disorders.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Gastric atrophy and regional variation in upper gastrointestinal disease.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the upper gastrointestinal disease profiles of Helicobacter pylori-infected patients drawn from two distinct regions of China, one with a low incidence of gastric cancer (Guangzhou) and the other with a high incidence of gastric cancer (Lanzhou). The age-standardized prevalence of H. pylori within the populations of these two cities was similar (approximately 56%). In these patient groups, the prevalence of different gastrointestinal disease states and the occurrence and severity of gastritis, gastric atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia were compared. METHODS: This study was based on consecutive patients: 265 from Guangzhou and 275 from Lanzhou. The grading of gastritis and the detection of H. pylori was determined by histology using the "Sydney System". RESULTS: The ratio of cases of duodenal to gastric ulceration for the two cities was: Guangzhou 14:1 and Lanzhou 3:1. Gastric cancer was more prevalent in the patients from Lanzhou (9.8%) than from Guangzhou (3%). In nonulcer dyspepsia patients from Guangzhou, gastritis was predominantly antral, whereas, in Lanzhou, gastritis was predominantly uniform. The amount and severity of atrophy was significantly greater in Lanzhou compared with Guangzhou. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of atrophy, rather than age of acquisition and prevalence of H. pylori infection, appears to be a marker of the major upper gastrointestinal disease profiles of a region. Development of atrophy, although apparently related to H. pylori infection, may be a multifactorial condition. Differences in diet, as seen between Guangzhou and Lanzhou, may be important in this regard. Understanding the factors leading to the development of atrophy may enhance our understanding of processes leading to gastric malignancy.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1997

Gastrointestinal disease and its management.

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases involving the alimentary tract and hepatobiliary system are common in geriatric dogs and cats. Inflammatory disorders predominate, but motility disturbances and degenerative lesions may also cause GI signs in affected animals. Treatment is directed at correction of the underlying cause and often requires tissue biopsy. The prognosis is good in many diseases with appropriate drug nutritional, and/or surgical therapy.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Gastrointestinal disease following heart transplantation.

With advances in heart transplantation, a growing number of recipients are at risk of developing gastrointestinal disease. We reviewed our experience with gastrointestinal disease in 92 patients undergoing 93 heart transplants. All had follow-up, with the median time 4.8 years (range 0.5-9.6 years). During the period of the study we progressively adopted a policy of low immunosuppression aiming toward monotherapy with cyclosporine. Nineteen patients (20.6%) developed 28 diseases related to the gastrointestinal tract. Thirteen patients required 18 surgical interventions, five as emergencies: closure of a duodenal ulcer, five cholecystectomies (one with biliary tract drainage), a sigmoid resection for a diverticulitis with a colovesical fistula, a colostomy followed by a colostomy takedown for an iatrogenic colon perforation, appendectomy, two anorectal procedures, and six abdominal wall herniorrhaphies. At the onset of gastrointestinal disease, 8 patients were on standard triple-drug immunosuppression, all of them within 6 months of transplantation; 13 were on double-drug immunosuppression; and 7 were on cyclosporine alone. All the patients with perforations/fistulas were on steroids. Among the 11 infectious or potentially infectious diseases, 10 were on triple- or double-drug immunosuppression. One death, a patient who was on triple-drug immunosuppression, had a postmortem diagnosis of necrotic and hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Except for an incisional hernia following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, there was no morbidity and, importantly, no septic complications. We concluded that a low immunosuppression policy is likely to be responsible for the low morbidity and mortality of posttransplant gastrointestinal disease, with a lower incidence of viscous perforation/fistula and infectious gastrointestinal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Gastrointestinal diseases of foals.

Few foals escape gastrointestinal disease during the first weeks of life. Diarrhea is an extremely common problem; fortunately, however, it is usually mild and self-limiting. When it is not, the underlying cause is often an infectious agent, such as rotavirus or Salmonella spp. Our understanding of many of the infectious agents causing neonatal diarrhea is far from complete. Gastric and duodenal ulcers are a less common disease of neonatal foals. There has been an apparent increase in the incidence of ulcer disease in foals during the past few years. The most effective way of decreasing serious gastrointestinal disease in foals is through the use of good management practices. Environmental and dietary stress must be minimized, and good hygienic practices should be followed. Unfortunately, the needs of the neonate are often ignored, while attention is focused on the mare during the breeding season.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions: molecular mechanisms and implications in gastrointestinal disease.

Leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion is now recognized to represent an early and rate-limiting step in the leukocyte infiltration and accompanying tissue injury that is associated with acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Adhesive interactions such as leukocyte rolling, adherence, and transendothelial migration are influenced by a variety of physical, chemical, and molecular factors that ultimately result in a net up-regulation or down-regulation of the inflammatory response. Coordination of this process is made possible by the mediator-specific, time-sensitive expression of adhesion glycoproteins on the surface of leukocytes and/or vascular endothelial cells. In this review, the different families of relevant adhesion molecules that participate in the coordinated recruitment of leukocytes into inflamed tissue are described and then discussed in terms of the pathophysiological alterations observed in selected experimental models of gastrointestinal disease. These include ischemia/reperfusion injury, radiation enteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and the inflammatory responses to substances liberated by Helicobacter pylori and Clostridium difficile.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Panic disorder associated with gastrointestinal disease: review and hypotheses.

An association between panic disorder and functional gastrointestinal disease has emerged since the introduction of reliable diagnostic criteria, first for psychiatric disorders and more recently for functional gastrointestinal disorders. At the same time, a more rigorous review of methodology of older reports linking structural gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulcer and inflammatory bowel disease to psychiatric illness has cast doubt on the validity of their association. In this review original articles reporting an association between panic disorder and globus, functional chest pain of presumed esophageal origin, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome are critically reviewed and it is concluded that panic disorder is overrepresented in noncardiac chest pain and irritable bowel syndrome. Original reports of the prevalence of panic disorder in structural gastrointestinal disease are reviewed and it is concluded that they do not support an association with panic. Hypotheses explaining the statistical link of panic disorder and functional gastrointestinal disease are discussed.

Chest Pain↗
PubMed1998

Use of intravenous immune globulin in addition to antiviral therapy in the treatment of CMV gastrointestinal disease in allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients: a report from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Infectious Diseases Working Party of the EBMT.

The best treatment of CMV gastrointestinal disease has been controversial, with some centers adding intravenous (i.v.) Ig to antiviral chemotherapy. The aim of this retrospective survey was to compare the outcome of antiviral chemotherapy with or without i.v. Ig. A questionnaire was sent to centers belonging to the EBMT. Thirty-three patients with CMV gastrointestinal disease were reported, 22 patients were given antiviral chemotherapy alone and 11 patients a combination of antiviral chemotherapy and i.v. Ig. Eighteen of 33 (55%) patients responded to therapy, 13 of those treated with antiviral chemotherapy alone and five (45%) of those treated with the combination (P = NS). Patients with acute GVHD of grades II-IV had significantly worse outcomes than patients with acute GVHD grades 0-I. In a Cox proportional hazards model corrected for acute GVHD there was no difference in outcome of CMV gastrointestinal disease with or without addition of Ig. Survival at 100 days after diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease was 64%. There was no difference in survival in patients treated with or without i.v. Ig. The results of this retrospective survey indicate that addition of i.v. Ig to antiviral chemotherapy might not improve outcome in patients with biopsy-proven CMV gastrointestinal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Rheumatologic manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases.

One of the most significant extraintestinal manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases is rheumatologic disorders. The gastrointestinal diseases with rheumatologic manifestations can be divided into two major categories: intestinal disorders and disorders of the liver, biliary tree, and pancreas. The cause of diseases in each of these categories is different. Although intestinal permeability and immune responsiveness are frequently implicated in disorders of the intestine, diseases of the liver, biliary tree, and pancreas usually involve the production of autoantibodies, cytokines, or enzymes. Treatment of rheumatologic complications frequently involves therapy directed at the underlying gastrointestinal disease.

Arthritis↗