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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Frontal lobe atrophy after prolonged frontal bone defect.

After a frontofacial monobloc in a 12-year-old Crouzon patient, the frontal bone was lost to infection. The patient did not attend postoperative appointments and was lost to follow-up. Nine years later, he reappeared requesting surgical reconstruction. This was performed satisfactorily with a titanium plate; however, it became apparent later that he had considerable atrophy of the frontal lobes and had developed the unstable behavior of patients who have undergone a frontal lobotomy. The atrophy would appear to be the consequence of the long-term absence of the frontal bones and the resultant repetitive frontal lobe microtrauma. Frontal infection and subsequent loss of the frontal bone is a recognized complication of monobloc advancement for faciocraniosynostosis and is mainly caused by the communication between the oronasal cavities and the cranial base. The frontal bone defect would normally be repaired after a delay of 6 months to a year with no significant sequelae. We present the unusual case of a patient whose frontal defect was not reconstructed for 9 years and who, as a result, developed frontal lobe atrophy and subsequent severe psychologic and behavioral difficulties.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Reconstruction of the frontal bone after trauma (author's transl)].

Reconstruction of the frontal bone after trauma has to be performed in a different manner according to whether the frontofacial lesions are associated or not with neurosurgical disturbances. The lesions in the first case mainly affect all the orbital borders and the anterior walls of the frontal sinuses. Reconstruction of the frontal bone usually requires osteosynthesis to the metallic threads of the various fragments applied, but the treatment of the frontal sinus region must be modulated in relation to the possible existence of posterior wall lesions. Frontofacial lesions associated with neurosurgical disorders require the combined efforts of a neurosurgical and maxillofacial team at the same time. The frontal sinus extends into the cranial region in all cases. Frontal bone reconstruction requires the use of various techniques (osteosynthesis to metallic threads, grafts taken from the iliac or other bones), according to the site and severity of the traumatic lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Frontal bone advancement and compensatory craniofacial growth changes in rabbits with experimental coronal suture immobilization.

Recent clinical advances in the surgical correction of coronal suture synostosis involve the overcorrection of a frontal bone segment to allow for unrestricted expansion of the developing neurocapsular matrix. However, the effects of such large-scale calvarial repositioning on subsequent brain mass growth trajectories and compensatory cranio-facial growth changes is unclear. This study was designed to investigate this relationship in an experimental rabbit model of bilateral coronal suture synostosis. Amalgam markers were placed across the frontonasal, coronal, and anterior lambdoid sutures in thirty-one 1.5-week-old rabbits. Twenty-one animals underwent bilateral coronal suture immobilization using methyl-methacrylate. Ten animals were left untreated and served as sham controls. At 6 weeks of age, the coronal suture was released by frontal bone craniotomy or frontal bone craniotomy with a 6-mm frontal bone advancement. Lateral head radiographs were taken at 1.5, 6, 7, 9, 12, and 18 weeks of age. Results revealed that by 6 weeks of age, animals with coronal suture immobilization exhibited growth disturbances across the various sutures resulting in altered craniofacial and cranial vault shape compared to control animals. Following coronal suture release, animals that underwent craniotomy showed rapid restenosis, which resulted in significantly altered cranial vault shape and cranial orthocephalization by 18 weeks of age. Animals that underwent frontal bone advancement exhibited normal overall craniofacial growth by 18 weeks of age compared with control animals but did exhibit regional compensatory growth disturbances at the frontonasal and anterior lambdoid sutures, possibly related to neural tissue distension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

[Tuberculous osteitis of the frontal bone (author's transl)].

The frontal bone is only rarely the site of tuberculosis. Most patients come from Eastern countries. Report on 2 own cases. Warning against treatment with cortisone derivatives before diagnosis is made and antituberculous treatment given. To culture and animal tests give the best changes. Special sanatoria are suitable for treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Squamous cell carcinoma of the frontal sinus caused osteomyelitis of the frontal bone].

A case of the squamous cell carcinoma of the frontal sinus complicated with osteomyelitis of the frontal bone was reported. A 47-year-old male was admitted to Asahikawa Medical College Hospital because of a bulging of forehead and remittent fever of a six-month history and general convulsive seizures on the day before admission. On physical examination, a bulging of forehead with redness, tenderness and fluctuation was noted. Sense of smell diminished bilaterally. Oto-laryngological examination disclosed paranasal sinusitis. Skull X-P and CT scan suggested osteomyelitis of the frontal bone secondary to frontal sinusitis. However, a frontal sinus tumor with osteomyelitis was also possible. Operation was performed and a granulomatous mass attached to the dura with thick epidural abscess was noted. The mass and affected bone edge were removed. Pathological examination of the specimens disclosed findings of squamous cell carcinoma and osteomyelitis. Recurrence of the tumor rapidly occurred and reoperation was performed a month after the first operation. Postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy with pepleomycin were done but failed to control the growth and recurrence occurred immediately. The tumor penetrated the skin of the forehead and the patient died of cachexy 7 months after the first surgery. Osteomyelitis usually occurred in the metaphysis of long tubular bone and rarely in short bone or flat bone such as a skull. This is attributed to the difference of distribution of the bone marrow vessels. Embolization and subsequent growth of bacteria in the blood flow is less liable to occur in short bone and flat bone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1978

Microscopic age changes in the frontal bone of the domestic rabbit.

This study reveals age related changes in the microscopic structure of the paired frontal bone of the domestic rabbit. Undecalcified ground sections were prepared from anterior frontal bone slices removed from New Zealand White rabbits ranging from birth to 24 months of age. Included were 40 females, 4 males and 6 rabbits less than 14 days old of unknown sex. The ground sections revealed both qualitative and quantitative age changes. Qualitative changes include change in bone tissue types and developmental processes, and presence or absence of primary and secondary osteones. Quantitative changes were measured by counting primary osteones in the outer table of each frontal bone half within 1.6 mm of the metopic suture. In this region, primary osteones were absent at birth, limited in number at 14 days and generally numerous between one and three months of age. In animals older than three months, numbers of primary osteones generally decreased with increasing age. No animals older than 16 months revealed primary osteones. Possible sources of variability in the relationship between observed primary osteone number and age include ability to recognize primary osteones, methods of sampling and processing bone slices, sex related differences and diseases afflicting specimen. Significance of this study includes increased knowledge of frontal bone growth and histology.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Cavernous haemangioma of the frontal bone: case report.

A rare of haemangioma of the frontal bone is presented together with a review of the literature. Carotid angiography was found to be a useful diagnostic aid to differentiate if from other lesions of the frontal bone. The best treatment is to excise both tables containing the haemangioma together with a rim of healthy bone in one block.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Reconstruction of post-traumatic frontal-bone depression using hydroxyapatite cement.

The safety and efficacy of hydroxyapatite cement (Bone Source, Howmedica, Leibinger, Inc. Dallas, TX) use for the augmentation of post-traumatic frontal-bone depression was evaluated in a study of 20 consecutive oriental patients between June 1998 and July 2000 inclusively. The size of the depressed frontal bone ranged from 5 x 5 cm to 8 x 5 cm. The cement was placed in contact with the frontal sinus for 12 patients, none of whom revealed a history of paranasal sinus mucoperiosteal disease. Follow-up averaged 28 months for all 20 patients. Postimplantation evaluations included serial photographs, repeated physical examination, and 3-dimensional computed tomography for all patients. The cement paste allowed for precise and easy contouring of the bony depression's restoration. Meticulous hemostasis is essential to ensure a dry surgical field and successful application of the cement. No infection of the surgical site or extrusion of the cement was noted for any of our patients, and the contour of the reconstructed frontal bone was acceptable esthetically without any secondary depression noted during the follow-up period. Three-dimensional computed tomographic scans taken 2 years subsequent to implantation revealed good preservation of the cement restoration material. Small areas of cement loss due to cement absorption into the ambient fluid were noted for 2 patients, but such resorption did not appear to esthetically influence the final results. The results from this clinical study indicated that hydroxyapatite cement is a biocompatible, alloplastic material useful for augmentation of post-traumatic frontal-bone depression with stable volume maintenance over time. Judicious use of the hydroxyapatite cement offers an alternative to autogenous bone grafts or the use of methyl methacrylate for augmentation of the craniofacial skeleton among oriental patients.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1991

[Neanderthal markers of the frontal bone--a conspicuous Hallstatt cranium of the burial field Dietfurt/Oberpfalz].

Between the skulls from early Iron Age cemeteries of the Hallstatt period (Beilngries, Dietfurt, Schirndorf and some other localities) in the Upper Palatinate (Bavaria) the skull Dietfurt 13/1 attracted attention because of its archaic traits at the viscerocranium and because of its extraordinarily large cranial capacity (1654 cm3). Such large cranial capacities were well known from Neandertals. Therefore this skull was examined for other neandertaloid traits: It was shown that the values for the angle of inclination and the vault-angle of the frontal bone fell into the neandertaloid range. With regard to the traits of the frontal bone Dietfurt 13/1 takes a more intermediate position between Homo sapiens sapiens and the Neandertals than the frontal bone from Hahnöfersand, which is dated about 36.300 +/- 600 years B.P. (Bräuer 1980). It is discussed, whether the specific traits of the frontal bone of Dietfurt 13/1 could fall within the variability of the subfossil Homo sapiens sapiens without postulating a phase of hybridization between Neandertals and anatomically modern man. Consequently, in the compilation of prehistorical skeleton-series more attention should be given to measures of the frontal bone.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Correction of frontal bone hypertrophy with setback osteotomy and hydroxyapatite cement.

This case report illustrates a method of correction for severe hypertrophy of the frontal bone. Accurate preoperative assessment including physical examination, photographs, and radiological studies are necessary. The anterior table of the frontal bone is removed, recontoured, and stabilized to the adjacent bone while maintaining the integrity of the frontal sinus mucosa. Hydroxyapatite cement is used to resurface and contour the frontal bone. This method is demonstrated to be safe and well tolerated, and should be considered as the procedure of choice for this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Large cavernous hemangioma of the frontal bone.

A 53-year-old woman presented with a rare case of cavernous hemangioma of the frontal bone manifesting as right frontal stabbing headache and local swelling. Computed tomography revealed an extensive, well-defined, radiolucent, osteolytic lesion in the right frontal bone. The inner and outer tables of the skull were eroded and the lesion had compressed the brain parenchyma. Right frontal craniotomy was performed, and the lesion with a 1 cm-wide margin of surrounding uninvolved bone was removed. The defect was reconstructed with titanium mesh. The patient did well after the operation. The cosmetic results were satisfactory and follow up at 6 months post-surgery revealed no recurrence.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2002

The morphology of the European miocene hominid frontal bone: functional, developmental and phylogenetic considerations.

This paper re-interprets the morphology of fossil and extant hominid frontal bones in light of development, functional and phylogenetic considerations. It is argued that the suggested inclusion of Hispanopithecus and Ankarapithecus as members of the Ponginae (which has partly been based on frontal bone morphology) remains problematic as their similarity with other members of the Ponginae is likely the result of distinct developmental processes resulting in Hispanopithecus and Ankarapithecus sharing an anatomical analogy with this subfamily. Whether this can be used to argue against their inclusion within the Ponginae remains debatable, as we still do not appreciate degrees of developmental variability within and between taxa, nor their phylogenetic significance in closely related taxa. The frontal bone morphology as observed in Hispanopithecus and Ankarapithecus, however, suggests that they share a sister-group relationship. In terms of the Homininae, Graecopithecus is supported as a likely member of this subfamily, while Dryopithecus is considered as a primitive member of the Hominidae.

Animals↗