Treating acute hand and finger injuries.
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At the present time novocain still remains the anesthetic of choice in ambulatory surgery and traumatology. In practical work the 2% and 0.5% solutions are used. The 2% solution of novocain can in some cases (in patients prone to angiodystonic reactions) cause a persistent spasm of digital arteries that results in irreversible alterations in finger tissues down to the development of gangrene. This fact was confirmed in experiments with 2% solutions of novocain. It is proposed to follow the recommendations on using the 0.5% and 1% solutions of novocain for regional anesthesia in fingers. Such anesthetics as Lidocain and Trimecain should be used more widely since they possess more pronounced and continuous anesthetizing properties.
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27 cases of questionable self-mutilation among physicians (concerning finger and hand injuries) were analyzed retrospectively. The evaluation based on files of the insurance companies, reconstructive examinations and experimental investigations. Three typical cases are described in detail, the "victims" were suspected to have committed a special kind of fraud in order to claim financial compensation from their accident-insurance companies; the contract included special invalidity payments for finger injures (so-called "Gliedertaxe"). Many of these physicians had worked in the surgical field: apart from one 38-year-old female all of them were males, aged between 41 and 66 years. The mutilating instruments were often circular saws, sometimes chain saws and a great variety of other tools, for example hatchet, big scissors and other sharp instruments. By means of forensic-medical expertise and criminalistic investigations the insurance companies were able to demonstrate clearly that the amputation was voluntarily self-inflicted. The forensic-medical argumentation concerning intentional self-mutilation included the so-called execution position of the finger, the injury pattern, the investigations of blood stains and ergonometric aspects.
During the last 4 years, three infants have presented with finger-tip injuries secondary to entrapment in woollen/synthetic mittens. The accident happened at home in one case but the other two occurred in different neonatal units. Spontaneous amputation of the terminal phalanx of the index finger occurred in two patients but in the other there was complete healing. This problem may be avoided by restricting the use of mittens, by changing their design, and by a greater awareness of this hazard.
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