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Results for “Fertile Period”

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PubMed1984

[Relation of age at menarche and fertility period to body composition as related to surface area. A hypothesis].

From the potassium-40 values, the body weight, and the height of 4112 girls and women aged 8 to 65 years, we derive an association between menstruation and body cell mass/surface area quotient. In girls reaching a body weight of 47.8 kg, i.e. the body weight during the menarche according to Frisch and Revelle, the body cell mass/surface area quotient is 16.8 kg/m2 and remains such during the time of regular menstruations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Gall stones in a Danish population: fertility period, pregnancies, and exogenous female sex hormones.

From a cross sectional study of gall stone disease ascertained by ultrasonography, the prevalence in relation to age at menarche, use of oral contraceptives, childbirths, breastfeeding, abortions, age at menopause, and menopausal hormone therapy was assessed. The random sample comprised 2301 women of Danish origin aged 30, 40, 50, and 60 years, of whom 1765 (77%) attended the investigation. Gall stone disease was significantly associated with young age at menarche, abortions, and multiple childbirth. Use of oral contraceptives was significantly associated with gall stone disease in univariate analysis, but not in multivariate analysis. Breastfeeding, age at menopause and menopausal hormone therapy were not associated with gall stones. These determining variables seemed sufficient to explain the higher prevalence of gall stone disease in women than in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[[The tempo and quantum components in trends in period fertility measures in present-day Japan: a Butz-Ward-type model and its application]].

"This paper examined the validity of a Butz-Ward-type model by applying it to trends in Japan's fertility rates from 1968 to 1986. Most of the existing studies on the Butz-Ward model used total fertility rates as the dependent variable. As the Butz-Ward model is concerned with couples' fertility behaviors, [the author uses]...total marital fertility rates. We first calculated total marital fertility rates (TMFR) from 1968 to 1986 by using data of Japan's National Fertility Surveys.... As a result of the auto-regression analysis of TMFR, we found a statistically significant negative effect of a rise in employed wife's wage rate as was expected. As for the timing indices, the third birth timing index was significantly positively affected by an increase in husband's income when his wife was employed, while the third birth was likely to be delayed by a rise in employed wife's wage rate." An English summary is available from the author.

Asia↗
PubMed1992

Objective and subjective data for fertile period diagnosis in women: comparison of methods.

The Authors have evaluated the reliability of various methods, both natural and biochemical, for the identification of the female ovulatory period in women with regular periods. They compared these methods among themselves and with echographical checking of ovulation. It emerged clearly from the study that the greatest reliability among the natural methods is obtained through the evaluation of the presence of cervical mucus, while among biochemical methods the best results are obtained by a semiquantitative colorimetric test. Brilliant prospects have also been opened by research on saliva.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1989

Ovulation detection and timing of insemination based on hormone concentrations, vaginal cytology and the endoscopic appearance of the vagina in domestic bitches.

The fertilization period, the time when fertilization can occur, can best be determined using a combination of vaginal cytology and morphology of the vaginal mucosa, behaviour and endocrinology. Neither vaginal cytological changes nor standing oestrus are reliable indicators of the fertilization period per se although with natural mating or when using AI with fresh semen there may be enough biological leeway for pregnancy to follow insemination timed using these parameters alone. This is indicated by the well recognized fecundity of bitches mated early or late in oestrus. Precise discrimination of the fertilization period, which is often required and is necessary for AI using frozen semen, can be achieved by using vaginoscopy to detect the onset of shrinkage with angulation of the mucosal folds. Vaginoscopy is also useful to determine the probable end of the fertilization period and the transition to a 'metoestrous' vaginal smear is also useful in this regard. Detection of the LH peak enables the start of the fertilization period to be forecast quite precisely but, in lieu of practical assays with which to measure plasma LH, a rise in plasma progesterone concentration to 6-8 ng/ml may be more practical.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Family size and children's education in Matlab, Bangladesh.

This study examines the relationship between family size and children's education in Bangladesh for two periods - 1982 with high fertility and 1996 with low fertility - using data from the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System of the ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research. Children aged 8-17 years (27,448 in 1982 and 32,635 in 1996) were selected from households where the mother was aged 30-49 years and the father was the head of household. Children's education was measured in terms of completed years of schooling: at least class 1 (among 8-17 year olds), at least class 5 (among 12-17 year olds) and at least class 7 (among 15-17 year olds). After controlling for all variables in the multivariate analyses, level of children's education was not found to be associated with family size during the high fertility period. The family size-education relationship became negative during the low fertility period. In both periods children of educated mothers from wealthier households and those who lived close to primary/high schools had more education, but this socioeconomic difference reduced substantially over time. Boys had more education than girls during the high fertility period but this difference disappeared during the low fertility period. As birth rates fall and the proportion of children from small families increases an increase in children's education is to be expected.

Adolescent↗