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PubMed1996

[Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis after depilation].

INTRODUCTION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is usually the responsible agent for epidemics of folliculitis acquired in swimming pools and whirlpools. Sporadic cases of Pseudomonas folliculitis after epilation of the legs are well known by dermatologists, but unfrequently reported in the literature. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 18-year-old female affected of folliculitis of the legs caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, after depilation. A meticulous investigation of contaminant sources was performed, and the responsible was the sponge used to wash the legs after depilation. DISCUSSION: Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis after depilation is more frequent than usually reported. A meticulous study of the concomitant source of contamination is essential to avoid recurrent episodes.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

[Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis after epilation].

We report on a rare case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis following depilation of the legs in a 33-year-old woman. Recently attention has been drawn to Pseudomonas-folliculitis acquired from whirlpools. The possibility of P. aeruginosa folliculitis occurring after skin depilation is less well known. The source of infection may be contaminated cosmetics or the hospital environment. The conditions favouring Pseudomonas invasion of the skin, and the clinical picture, course and of treatment P. aeruginosa folliculitis are discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis in infancy and childhood.

We describe nine patients with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis occurring in infancy. All patients had recurrent crops of pruritic papules primarily affecting the scalp and brow region of the face. Biopsy specimens revealed folliculitis with a predominant eosinophilic infiltrate. Bacterial and fungal cultures of pustules were negative. Most patients had leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Clinical response to topical corticosteroid and/or systemic antibiotic therapy was noted. Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis of infancy must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pustular disorders in infancy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2003

Focal and generalized folliculitis following smallpox vaccination among vaccinia-naive recipients.

CONTEXT: With the reintroduction of smallpox vaccination, detailed contemporary descriptions of adverse reactions to the vaccine are needed to adequately inform the public and clinicians. During a multicenter, randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of various dilutions of smallpox vaccine, we observed the appearance of a papulovesicular eruption (focal and generalized) in study volunteers. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the papulovesicular eruptions by clinical, virologic, and histopathological characteristics. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective case series of papulovesicular eruptions following smallpox vaccination in healthy, vaccinia-naive adult participants compared with noncases conducted from October 2002 to March 2003. Variables potentially related to these eruptions were collected retrospectively through chart review. Eruptions were described based on viral culture, clinical examination, and histopathological evaluation (1 biopsy specimen from 1 case). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Cases of papulovesicular eruptions following vaccination. RESULTS: During the trial, of 148 volunteers (56% women; mean age 23.6 years), 4 participants (2.7%) developed generalized eruptions and 11 (7.4%) noted focal eruptions. Viral cultures of sample lesions were negative for vaccinia. The result of a skin biopsy sample from 1 case of generalized rash revealed suppurative folliculitis without evidence of viral infection. All lesions resolved without scarring. In the cohort, cases and noncases did not show significant differences in terms of sex, in the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or oral or depo contraceptives, in medication allergies, in the incidence of fever or lymphadenopathy after vaccination, or in the dilution of vaccine received. CONCLUSIONS: Folliculitis is a common and benign eruption observed in vaccinia-naive adult volunteers following smallpox vaccination. This eruption may be seen in volunteers receiving the vaccine in the newly instituted vaccination programs and may be met with heightened anxiety, potentially being confused with generalized vaccinia. This description of folliculitis using clinical, virologic, and histopathological findings should allay these concerns and provide additional insight into this eruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Eosinophilic folliculitis occurring after bone marrow autograft in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis is a rare disorder previously reported predominantly in Japanese people who are otherwise healthy. Recently, the disorder has been noted in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, as has eosinophilic folliculitis, a similar but distinct entity. The authors report a patient with eosinophilic folliculitis who was immunocompromised after high dose chemotherapy and bone marrow autograft for treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Folliculitis barbae in herpes simplex infection].

A 60-year-old male athlete developed a folliculitis in the beard region after several competitions. After identification of herpes simplex antigen within the lesions, systemic therapy with acyclovir led to rapid improvement. In folliculitis resistant to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy, viral and mycotic infections as well as eosinophilic folliculitis should be considered as differential diagnostic possibilities.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2004

Treatment of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis with tacrolimus ointment.

We describe a patient with eosinophilic pustular folliculitis who partially responded to oral indomethacin, but intermittently experienced new eosinophilic pustular folliculitis lesions. Treatment with tacrolimus ointment 0.1% resulted in the rapid improvement of each recurred lesion and allowed withdrawal of indomethacin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of topical tacrolimus in the treatment of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of gefitinib-associated folliculitis.

Gefitinib (Iressa), an epidermal growth factor inhibitor approved for treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma, is associated with an acneiform distributed folliculitis. Treatment attempts for this folliculitis have been noted in the literature, but photodocumentation of results has not been reported. We report 3 consecutive cases of gefitinib-associated folliculitis with photodocumentation of their treatment responses to combination therapy with topical metronidazole and oral tetracyclines.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hot tub dermatitis: a familial outbreak of Pseudomonas folliculitis.

Pseudomonas folliculitis resulting from the use of spa pools, whirlpools, and hot tubs is a newly described disease that typically develops 8 to 48 hours after exposure in a contaminated facility. The eruption consists of pruritic papules, papulopustules, nodules, and urticarial lesions on the trunk and extremities. A family of three and a neighbor developed Pseudomonas folliculitis after using a home hot tub from which P. aeruginosa was cultured. Skin biopsies showed an acute, suppurative folliculitis and dermal abscess formation. Although the eruption usually resolves spontaneously within 7 to 10 days, proper maintenance of equipment and adequate disinfectant levels are necessary to prevent its recurrence.

Baths↗
PubMed2003

Outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis associated with a swimming pool inflatable.

On 18 February 2002, the Communicable Disease Unit was notified by the local Public Health Service Laboratory of a child with a positive skin swab for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This child had attended the local swimming pool and played on an inflatable, subsequently presenting to a Primary Care Nurse Practitioner with folliculitis. A total of 35 cases was identified during the outbreak. This paper describes a case-control study and microbiological sampling of the cases, the suspected inflatable and a survey of 10 swimming pool inflatables in the local area. The odds ratio for developing folliculitis following use of the inflatable was 12 (95% CI 1.05-136.80). The strain of P. aeruginosa found on the inflatable was identical to that obtained from skin swabs of cases. Nine of 10 (90%) of the inflatables sampled were colonized by P. aeruginosa. Attention should be given to the problem of routine decontamination of swimming pool inflatables. P. aeruginosa folliculitis needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of skin rashes in children, especially in Primary Care.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2001

Dissecting folliculitis of the scalp with marginal keratitis.

We describe a young man with dissecting folliculitis of the scalp, who subsequently developed marginal keratitis. We are unaware of any previous reports of this association. The aetiology of dissecting folliculitis is thought to relate to abnormal follicular occlusion with subsequent suppuration, although an infective process has never been established. Marginal keratitis is postulated, but not proven, to be caused by an enhanced immune response to Staphylococcus aureus antigens. We suggest that a similar abnormal response to infection may be important in these two conditions. This case also highlights ocular complications which may occur in patients with dissecting folliculitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2000

Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis after shower/bath exposure.

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis (PF) can develop after exposure to contaminated water in heated swimming pools, whirlpools, and hot-tubes, or after diving suit dressing. METHODS: We observed and studied 14 cases of PF after shower/bath exposure, an underestimated pathogenic event. Cutaneous and environmental microbiological evaluations were performed. RESULTS: In our cases, the clinical expression of dermatitis was constant, PF being a clinically well recognizable skin infection, presenting with follicular, macular, and papulopustular lesions located on the lateral aspect of the trunk, axillary folds, hips, buttocks, and suprapubic area. In all cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from lesional skin; seven cases were serotyped revealing, in three cases, serotype 0 : 1, in two cases 0 : 8, in one case 0 : 10, and in one case 0 : 11. In three families, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in the well water. In a further three families, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from bathroom and kitchen components. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our experience, we suggest that shower/bath exposure should be definitively included amongst the possible pathogenic events causing PF. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for a number of clinical pictures, e.g. otitis externa, conjunctivitis, toe web intertrigo, green nail syndrome, infection of burns and wounds, and folliculitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis (PF) has been reported to develop as a consequence of exposure to contaminated water in heated swimming pools, whirlpools, and hot-tubes, or related to diving suits and leg waxing.1-4 We observed 14 cases of PF after shower/bath exposure. This is probably an underestimated pathogenic event; to our knowledge, only one case has been reported to date.5 In our patients, the clinical expression of dermatitis was constant, PF being a clinically well recognizable skin condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Case report. Folliculitis barbae caused by Candida albicans.

Folliculitis barbae candidomycetica is a very rare disease and in the scientific literature this manifestation of candidosis is rarely described. In most cases, a connection with predisposing factors is suspected, although in the cases cited this connection was not frequently proved. Furthermore, in our patient who was suffering from a folliculitis candidomycetica no predisposing factors or illnesses were apparent. For this reason, the importance of such aetiological factors of Candida folliculitis must be critically discussed. Effective drugs for use in treatment are fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Role of Th2 cytokines, RANTES and eotaxin in AIDS-associated eosinophilic folliculitis.

The pathogenesis of AIDS-associated eosinophilic folliculitis is still unknown. The expression of chemokines and Th2-type cytokines is increased in other conditions associated with tissue eosinophilia and in allergic reactions. We evaluated the mRNA expression by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of two Th2 cytokines (interleukin-4 and interleukin-5) and of two chemokines (RANTES and eotaxin) in the skin of 6 patients with AIDS-associated eosinophilic folliculitis; the tissue localization of eotaxin was shown by immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated the increased expression of interleukin-4, interleukin-5, RANTES and eotaxin in lesional skin of the patients compared to normal skin of HIV+ individuals. We concluded that a Th2 pattern is present in AIDS-associated eosinophilic folliculitis. The cytokine milieu in this disease may favour a Th2 immune response to an unknown antigen, whereby RANTES and eotaxin act in synergy with interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 to mediate tissue inflammation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis due to non-O:11 serogroups: acquisition through use of contaminated synthetic sponges.

We describe the features of 13 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa folliculitis (eight of which occurred sporadically and five of which resulted from two family outbreaks) that developed subsequent to the use of commercial synthetic sponges for bathing. On the basis of O serogrouping and pyocin typing and subtyping, the strains recovered from the skin lesions were found to be identical to those isolated from household shower water and sponges. P. aeruginosa folliculitis is commonly caused by the serogroup O:11; The serogroups described in this study are rare causative agents of this type of skin infection. We believe that this is the first report of P. aeruginosa folliculitis due to serogroups O:3 and O:16.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Perforating folliculitis in association with hemodialysis.

Five patients developed pruritic, keratotic, perforating follicular papules and nodules within 2 months of starting maintenance hemodialysis. Clinically and histologically, the papules and nodules showed the features of perforating folliculitis with superimposed prurigo nodularis, a condition not previously described in patients on maintenance dialysis. The patients with perforating folliculitis constituted 10% of our patients on dialysis during the period of this study. Notably, all five patients were black and had chronic renal failure secondary to diabetic nephropathy. The precise pathogenesis of perforating folliculitis in these patients is unclear at this time.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Demodex-associated folliculitis.

Examination of 388 follicles in 24 large resections of skin for the presence of histologic folliculitis and Demodex mites uncovered a nonrandom association between these two phenomena. Demodex mites were found in 42% of follicles with inflammation, but in just 10% of the follicles without inflammation. Eighty-three percent of follicles with Demodex showed inflammation. The probability that this result could occur by random chance alone was < 0.001, thus suggesting that Demodex is associated with histologic folliculitis, even minor folliculitis. The results do not, however, decide whether Demodex is causative, whether it preferentially selects follicles with histologic inflammation, or whether some of both processes operate.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Solitary sclerotic fibroma of the skin: degenerated sclerotic change of inflammatory conditions, especially folliculitis.

Two cases showing changes of sclerotic fibroma developed in association with an inflammatory process, especially folliculitis. The lesion in the first case showed a well-circumscribed, nonencapsulated nodule in the dermis, which consisted of a perifollicular fibrotic area and a peripheral sclerotic area. In addition to the usual findings of sclerotic fibroma, spindle cells were heavily infiltrated in a storiform and fascicular pattern around the degenerated hair follicle, suggestive of dermatofibroma. The lesion in the second case showed the typical findings of sclerotic fibroma in association with folliculitis and hair follicle remnants. Our observations suggest that solitary sclerotic fibroma of the skin may be a degenerated or sclerotic end stage of other fibrous conditions, such as dermatofibroma, and that it may be induced by inflammation, especially folliculitis.

Adult↗