Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FASCIOLIASIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Evaluation of excretory/secretory Fasciola (Fhes) antigen in diagnosis of human fascioliasis.

No doubt, human fascioliasis is an increasing worldwide zoonotic liver fluke. Clinically, human fascioliasis has to be differentially diagnosed from many hepatic diseases as acute & chronic hepatitis, schistosomiasis mansoni, visceral toxocariasis, visceral leishmaniasis, hepatic amoebiasis, biliary tract diseases and others. The parasitological diagnosis based on the demonstration of the eggs in stool, duodenal contents or bile is usually unsatisfactory due to false passage of eggs, ectopic fascioliasis, and failure of immature worm to maturation. So, ELISA-Fhes antigen (Fasciola hepatica excretory/secretory) and IHAT were evaluated in the immunodiagnosis of parasitologically proven cases of human fascioliasis compared with proven cases of human schistosomiasis mansoni and parasite-free individuals. ELISA-Fhes gave 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. On the other hand, IHAT was less sensitive and less specific.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Clinical, laboratory and ultrasonography features of proven human fascioliasis.

Examination of twenty parasitologically proven human cases of fascioliasis showed the following clinical, laboratory and ultrasonography results: (1) Both sexes are susceptible to fascioliasis. The smallest one was a child 3-year old. (2) The most important clinical manifestations are: a- abdominal distention and flatulence (30%), b- right upper quadrant pains (25%), colicky abdominal pains (25%), d- pallor (25%), and etympanitic abdomen (25%). Nevertheless, 15% of the patients showed no symptoms. (3) The most significant items in the CBC and liver function tests are: a- significantly high eosinophilia, b-high alkaline phosphatase, and c- low haemoglobin. Besides, two fascioliasis patients had high serum bilirubin. (4) Ultrasonography diagnosed only nine fascioliasis patients (45%). The result was critically discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Clinical trial of Mirazid in treatment of human fascioliasis, Ezbet El-Bakly (Tamyia Center) Al-Fayoum Governorate.

A field survey was done in Ezbet El-Bakly, Al-Fayoum Governorate, Egypt to assess the efficacy and safety of Mirazid in the treatment of human fascioliasis. Among 1019 individuals examined for parasitosis, the prevalence of fascioliasis was 1.7% and the geometric mean egg count (GMEC) was 33.2 eggs/gram stools. About 23.5% of the fascioliasis patients were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal dis\tension and flatulence (76.5%), right hypochondrial pain (17.6%) and epigastric pain (17.6%). The most prevalent signs were pallor (52.9%,), tender right hypochondrium (23.5%) and tinge of jaundice (17.6%). All cases were treated by Mirazid as two capsules (600 mg) on an empty stomach an hour before breakfast for six consecutive days and followed up clinically and parasitologically. The parasitological cure rate, two and three months after treatment was 88.2% and 94.1% with an overt clinical cure without any side-effects. The cases not completely responding to a single course of treatment showed a marked reduction of the egg intensity. It was concluded that Mirazid (or Myrrh extract of Commiphora molmol) is safe and effective in the treatment of human fascioliasis under the field conditions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of myrrh (Mirazid) therapy in fascioliasis and intestinal schistosomiasis in children: immunological and parasitological study.

A total of 21 children with fascioliasis (8 males and 13 females) with mean age of 10.4 years, 8 children with schistosomiasis mansoni (6 males and 2 females) with mean age of 11.37 years were treated with Myrrh (Mirazid) which is an oleo-gum resin from the stem of Commiphora molmol tree (Family Burseraceae). Also, ten healthly cross matched children were utilized as controls. Diagnosis was based on the detection of Fasciola hepatica or Schistosoma mansoni eggs in stool by Kato-Katz technique. Mirazid was given as 10 mg/kg/d an hour before breakfast for 3 consecutive days in schistosomiasis and for 6 days in fascioliasis. Clinical evaluation and stool analysis were done initially and at 2, 4 and 12 weeks post treatment to evaluate cure. Rectal snip was done for responding schistosomiasis cases to confirm recovery. Automated complete blood count with manual assessment of eosinophils, serum total IgE (enzyme immunoassay) and in vitro cytokines assay (IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-5) by ELISA were performed for all subjects before treatment and repeated 12 weeks only for patients after therapy. Parasitologic cure was 90.9% in fascioliasis and 100% in schistosomiasis at 4 weeks post treatment. After a second dose Fasciola patients who remained positive were cured. Total IgE was significantly higher in Fasciola and Schistosoma patients before treatment compared to control (p < 0.001; 0.005 respectively) and decreased significantly with therapy (p = 0.001; 0.036). IL-1beta was higher in both patient groups than control (p < 0.001; 0.003) and decreased significantly 12 weeks after therapy to control level (p < 0.001; 0.017). IL-5 was high before treatment in both groups (p = 0.041; 0.027) and decreased significantly after 12 weeks after therapy (p = 0.005; 0.012). IL-4 did not differ from control before therapy (p = 0.58; 0.79) but increased significantly after treatment in both patient groups (p = 0.04; 0.02). It is concluded that Mirazid is an effective fasciolicidal and schistosomicidal drug. IL-1beta and IL5 were high in fascioliasis and schistosomiasis, but decreased with therapy denoting immunopathogenesis. The depressed IL-4 production may be a parasite immune evasion or host regulatory mechanism and cytokines levels may be criteria of cure.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

RAST and ELISA in three autochthonous parasitic infections in Italy: toxocariasis, hydatidosis and fascioliasis.

Toxocariasis, Hydatidosis and Fascioliasis are common autochthonous parasitic infections in Italy. RAST and ELISA have been evaluated for serological diagnosis. Eight sera from Toxocariasis, fifty from Hydatidosis and two from Fascioliasis have been examined. Excretory/secretory antigen has been employed for the serology of Toxocariasis, hydatic fluid for Hydatidosis and embryonated-eggs antigen for Fascioliasis. The RAST resulted positive in 4/5 cases of the visceral form of Toxocariasis and 3/3 in the ocular form, in 2/2 cases of Fascioliasis and 27/50 of Hydatidosis. The ELISA resulted positive respectively in 5/5, 3/3, 2/2, and 19/50 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests employed have been proved.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Therapeutic effect of triclabendazole in patients with fascioliasis in Egypt. A preliminary study.

Human fascioliasis is becoming an increasingly important clinical and epidemiological problem in Egypt. However, the treatment of the disease presents certain difficulties as the usual known drugs such as emetine hydrochloride and praziquantel do not cure fascioliasis using a single dose. Recently, ten cases were presented with a variability of clinical manifestations suggesting fascioliasis. The indirect haemagglutination test (IHA) was positive with high eosinophilia. SGOT and SGPT were normal & no signs of heart or kidney diseases. After taking the consent of the patients, triclabendazole, a novel benzimidazole compound was given orally in a single dose of 10mg/kg body weight. The results hereby revealed that the general condition and all signs of the patients were ameliorated with a drop in the eosinophilic count, which returned to normal after 2-3 months. Being safe, reliable and easy to administer, triclabendazole is ought to be considered for the treatment of human fascioliasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Studies on serum beta-glucuronidase activity and urinary tryptophan metabolites in human fascioliasis.

In the last few years, human fascioliasis has been reported more frequently from different parts of the world including Egypt. The present work aimed to study the ability of fascioliasis affected patients to metabolize tryptophan and to explore how this disease can affect the activity of the hydrolytic lysosomal enzyme beta-glucuronidase. Liver and kidney functions and complete blood pictures of the studied patients were considered. Eleven tryptophan metabolites together with 4-pyridoxic acid, the major metabolite of vitamin B6, were determined. Fascioliasis showed an abnormal pattern of tryptophan metabolism which resembled that described earlier by Kupke and Knapp and which indicated that those patients were suffering from vitamin B6 deficiency. This conclusion was proved by the decreased levels of 4-pyridoxic acid. Abnormally high levels of beta-glucuronidase were also encountered in the fascioliasis cases which points to the liver damage caused by the fluke.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of purified antigens in haemagglutination test (IHA) for determination of cross reactivities in diagnosis of fascioliasis and schistosomiasis.

Indirect haemagglutination test (IHA) commercially available kits (Fumouze) for diagnosis of fascioliasis and schistosomiasis were evaluated for cross reactivity. Sera of 85 selected schistosomiasis patients (Group I) were tested for schistosomiasis titers employing purified Schistosomiasis mansoni egg antigen. Sensitivity of the test was 75.3%. Positive sera (Group II: 64 sera) were retested using kits for fascioliasis employing purified adult Fasciola hepatica antigen to detect any cross reactions. Specificity was 96.9%. In addition, thirty eight (38) sera of selected fascioliasis cases (Group III) were retested using IHA kits for schistosomiasis. Specificity was 94.7%. It was found that IHA employing purified specific antigens both for schistosomiasis and fascioliasis gives good specificities and helps to avoid cross reactions between the two serious endemic trematode infections offering reliable diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Fascioliasis in beef cattle in north-west Argentina.

Two thousand and ninety beef cattle livers from north-west Argentina were inspected at a large slaughterhouse in Salta; 13% were found to have lesions of fascioliasis and these were classified according to their severity. Of the livers condemned 182 (67.2%) were lightly affected, 77 (28.4%) moderately affected and only 12 (4.4%) severely affected. In a field survey 85 animals, mainly between 6 and 18 months old, were slaughtered and 12 (14%) had lesions of fascioliasis. The influence of Fasciola hepatica on weight gain in beef cattle was assessed on 2 farms. Infected animals were divided into 2 groups and I group was treated monthly. Only on 1 farm were the animals exposed continuously to infection. No differences in weight gain were found over 7 and 14 months respectively when compared to untreated controls. It was concluded that fascioliasis is widespread but at a low level in beef cattle.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2002

Human fascioliasis: MR imaging findings of hepatic lesions.

Our objective was to describe MR imaging findings of liver lesions in human fascioliasis. The MR imaging of the liver was performed in 29 patients with fascioliasis. Seventeen patients were women and 12 were men, with a mean age of 47.5 years (age range 17-75 years). Hepatic lesions were grouped into five types based on their signal characteristics. Three patients had normal imaging findings. One or more lesions were observed in the other 26 patients. The lesion types and the frequency of appearances were as follows: hyperintensity of the liver capsule on T2-weighted images (n=16, 55.2%); ill-defined slightly hyperintense areas on T2-weighted images (n=18, 62.1%); lesions which were hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images (n=10, 34.5%); hypointense on T1-weighted images and centrally hypo- or hyperintense, surrounded by peripherally less hyperintense area on T2-weighted images (n=4, 13.8%); and hypointense foci or ill-defined hypointense areas on T1- and T2-weighted images (n=10, 34.5%). We describe the MR imaging features of the disease. Our findings may help the differential diagnosis in which fascioliasis should be added to the list.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Hepatic fascioliasis: report of two cases.

Two cases of hepatic fascioliasis with characteristic features in US examinations and CT scans are presented. In both modalities they show tunnel-like branching and clustered areas of low echogenicity/density, which reach subcapsular regions. These cases are presented to recall the imaging features in hepatic fascioliasis especially outside endemic regions. Not only CT but also US is able to detect these characteristic lesions, which may help to make the diagnosis of hepatic fascioliasis in patients with clinical symptoms suggestive of parasitic disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Human and animal fascioliasis in Mazandaran province, northern Iran.

The fascioliasis situation in humans and livestock of Iranian Mazandaran is analysed for the first time. Coprological studies showed 7.3% and 25.4% global prevalences in sheep and cattle, respectively. Studies in slaughterhouses indicate that sheep and cattle may be the main reservoir species, buffaloes may play local roles in the transmission, and goats and horses probably only participate sporadically. Morphometric studies by computer image analysis showed that forms intermediate between Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica appear in addition to both species. A total of 107 infected humans were diagnosed during the 1999-2002 period, which suggests that fascioliasis may be widespread. The absence of differences in human fascioliasis among gender and age groups differs from other human endemic areas. Both human and animal infections show marked differences between western and eastern Mazandaran. Traditions in herbal condiments for human consumption, methods of animal husbandry and annual rainfall may explain the higher prevalences in western Mazandaran.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A purified Fasciola gigantica worm antigen for the serodiagnosis of human fascioliasis.

Partially purified Fasciola gigantica worm antigens were evaluated in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the specific serological diagnosis of fascioliasis. The diagnostic potential of 10 antigen fractions derived from gel-filtration peaks (II & III) were evaluated individually or in combination against a panel of admission sera obtained from 50 patients subsequently diagnosed as having a variety of systemic parasitic diseases, and from 10 healthy volunteers with no recent history of parasitic infections. Fractions 2 and 10 were highly specific for Fasciola infection and failed to react with sera from any patient with other parasitic diseases or from controls. All other fractions exhibited reactivity with the majority of sera from the fascioliasis patients, but also with some sera from patients infected with other parasites. Based on these results, the ELISA, as outlined here, should be considered as a rapid and specific technique for the diagnosis of fascioliasis and also as an epidemiological surveillance technique in areas endemic for F. gigantica infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early diagnosis of human fascioliasis by the detection of copro-antigens using counterimmunoelectrophoresis.

We have reported the use of partially purified Fasciola gigantica worm antigens (peaks II and III separated by Sephadex G-200) in counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) for the specific and early detection of antibodies in sera of fascioliasis patients. In the present study, we report the use of hyperimmune serum from rabbits immunized with these partially purified worm antigens in CIEP for the detection of parasite antigens in saline extracts of patients' stools. This test was conducted on stool specimens from 144 patients with systemic or intestinal parasitic infections, 5 from persons with spurious Fasciola infections, and 10 from healthy negative controls. All saline extracts from fascioliasis patients developed 2-5 precipitin bands. No precipitin band developed with stool extracts of patients with spurious Fasciola infection or other parasitic infections, or from negative controls. This assay proved to be simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific for the diagnosis of early as well as established fascioliasis infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Differential inhibition of rat hepatic glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes in the course of fascioliasis.

The effects of a subclinical fascioliasis at various stages of its development (at week 3, 6 and 9 after infection by oral administration of 20 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica) in rats were determined on the activity of enzymes involved in liver metabolism of glutathione and on the subunit pattern of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase. The parasitic pathology was ascertained by clinical observation of the rats and at autopsy. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 content was significantly decreased in infected rats by week 3 and 6 post-infection. Not correlatively, the catalytic activities of glutathione S-transferase towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene were significantly lowered in last stages of the experimental fascioliasis (by week 6 and 9 post-infection). These decreases were correlated to that of subunit 1 as determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography of cytosolic proteins whereas subunit 6 could also be decreased. Fascioliasis did not alter cytosolic glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activities or plasma glutathione S-transferase activity accepting 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as the substrate.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Eight cases of fascioliasis: clinical and microbiological features.

UNLABELLED: Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with Fasciola hepatica. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: We report an epidemic of eight cases of fascioliasis in southern France, and describe the clinical features, and the diagnostic and therapeutic tools. RESULTS: Our series includes almost every clinical form described, apart from the pseudotumoral form. Early diagnosis relied mainly on serum assays. Among these, counter-electrophoresis was the first to be positive and therefore appears to be the most useful test, including cases where patients are asymptomatic or mildly ill. Patients were treated with the usual dose of triclabendazole, but six of them required a double dose to recover. CONCLUSION: The use of 20 mg/kg triclabendazole is safe and efficient for patients with acute fascioliasis when a single dose has failed to cure them.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Control of human fascioliasis by selective chemotherapy: design, cost and effect of the first public health, school-based intervention implemented in endemic areas of the Nile Delta, Egypt.

Human fascioliasis is becoming a serious public health problem with a number of endemic areas identified in different countries. The viability of humans as definitive hosts has been experimentally demonstrated, and there is now a need to control the human infection along with the veterinary infection. In 1998, following reports on high prevalence among children in the Nile Delta, the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population launched the first public health, school-based intervention to control human fascioliasis. An innovative selective treatment approach, with chemotherapy targeted to specific high risk age groups and villages, was adopted. First, high prevalence districts were identified by a regional baseline survey, then screening and selective treatment of all schoolchildren took place in high prevalence villages within those districts. From 1998 to 2002 the programme screened almost 36000 schoolchildren, in six districts, treating 1280 cases of human fascioliasis. Prevalence in the endemic area was reduced from 5.6 to 1.2%. The control intervention is described in detail, including data on cost. The targeted, selective chemotherapy approach was appropriate in addressing low prevalence infection, effective in reducing prevalence rates and transmission of the disease, and in the present situation, more cost-effective than mass distribution.

Anthelmintics↗
PubMed2006

Commercial watercress as an emerging source of fascioliasis in Northern France in 2002: results from an outbreak investigation.

In April 2002, five cases of fascioliasis were diagnosed in Tourcoing. A case-finding and a case-control study were carried out to identify the source of the outbreak and take appropriate control measures. Eighteen cases were identified through the medical laboratories carrying out serology for fascioliasis. Fourteen cases and 23 controls, identified by the physicians of the cases, were interviewed on symptoms of the disease and their consumption of uncooked plants. Cases were more likely than controls to have eaten commercialized raw watercress (OR 86.7, P < 0.001) and 13 (93%) of the cases reported its consumption. A single producer common to all cases was identified. The inspection of his watercress beds showed a lack of protection against Lymnaea truncatula. This outbreak of fascioliasis due to commercialized watercress indicates that actual sanitary regulations do not allow for the efficient prevention of infestation of watercress production in France.

Adult↗