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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Characteristics of the reasons for the varying epidemic manifestation of tick-borne encephalitis foci in western Siberia and the Far East].

Viral strains from the foci of tick-borne encephalitis in Western Siberia and the Far East, producing the disease which takes the clinical course of different severity, have been shown to possess similar biological properties. A high mortality rate in the foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Primorye Territory is the consequence of the weak latent immunization of the population, which is due, in its turn, to some specific features of the epizootic process in this area.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Strongyloides stercoralis infection in former Far East prisoners of war.

Out of 602 consecutive people who had been prisoners of war in the Far East and were screened for tropical diseases, 88 (15%) were found to have Strongyloides stercoralis infection a mean period of 30 years after their return from the tropics. The classical strongyloid creeping eruption was the most common symptom (84%), while gastrointestinal disturbances were rare (5%). Thiabendazole was highly effective in eradicating the infection. Strongyloidiasis is an important condition, as when the host is immunosuppressed fatal hyperinfection may occur. Many undiagnosed cases of strongyloidiasis must exist among former prisoners of war, and it is thus important to identify and treat these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Geography of genetic processes in populations: gene migrations in Siberia and Far East].

A map of gene migration rate m in the indigenous population of Siberia and the Russian Far East was constructed on the basis of data obtained from questionnaires of 1960 to 1990. The mean gene migration rate weighted with respect to the region area and averaged over 3951 grid nodes was m = 0.0083. Weighting with respect to population density yielded a significantly lower rate (m = 0.0053), which reflected a more intense gene exchange in less populous regions of traditional nomadism. The association between gene migration rate m and genetically effective population size Ne was analyzed. The parameter Nem, which characterizes the interpopulation gene diversity, was used to identify regions where this parameter is autoregulated and those where the autoregulatory mechanisms were disrupted. A tree of ethnolinguistic types was constructed. Its analysis did not reveal any association between migration structure and linguistic characteristics, suggesting that the spreading of cultural elements is not necessarily associated with migration. The tree was also used to construct a map of ethnos-forming migration; its major element reflected migration from the Baikal and Altai regions to the ethnic region of modern Yakuts.

Emigration and Immigration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Identification of a group A arbovirus isolated in the Far East].

Strains Nos. 296 and 260 isolated from Aedes vexans and Culex pipiens mosquitoes in the USSR Far East in 1971 and 1973, respectively, were identified. The size of the viruses was found to be about 50 nm. Both strains were pathogenic for 2--3-day-old and 3--4-week-old mice by the intracerebral, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes, agglutinated goose red blood cells at the optimal pH 6.0. The strains were identical to each other and by their antigenic structure were classified as Semliki Forest virus.

Aedes↗
PubMed2004

[Molecular typing of the tick-borne encephalitis virus isolated from patients with different-infection severities in the south of Russia's Far East].

The thick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which is widespread in the Eurasian continent, belongs to the Flaviviridae family, Flavirus genus, and comprises the Far Eastern, Siberian and West European subtypes. It was for the first time that the gene part of the E 24 strain envelope glycoprotein of TBEV, which caused infection in residents of the South of Russia's Far East, was analyzed. It was established that the TBEV Far-Eastern subtype causes different-severity disease cases ranging from the focal ones with the lethal outcome to latent infection forms. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, the Far-Eastern subtype was shared between 4 sub-clusters, 2 of which constitute a majority of the analyzed TBEV strains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Chronic Strongyloides stercoralis infection in former British Far East prisoners of war.

BACKGROUND: Chronic infections with the nematode worm Strongyloides stercoralis can occur in former WWII Far East prisoners of war (FEPOWs). The condition may be asymptomatic, but frequently causes a characteristic urticarial 'larva currens' rash. Under conditions of immunosuppression (particularly systemic corticosteroid treatment) potentially fatal dissemination of larvae ('hyperinfection') may occur. AIM: To review our total experience of strongyloidiasis in former FEPOWs, and investigate its prevalence, characteristics and risk factors. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: We reviewed 2072 records of all FEPOWs seen at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1968-2002. Cases with strongyloidiasis were compared with non-infected controls. RESULTS: There were 248 (12%) with strongyloidiasis. Diagnostic features included larva currens rash (70%), eosinophilia (66%), positive faecal culture (30%), positive faecal microscopy (26%), and positive serology (64%). Mean (+/-SD) age of cases was 65 +/- 7 years, and as expected, their blood eosinophil counts were significantly higher than controls (775 vs. 238 x 10(6)/l, p < 0.001). Captivity on the Thai-Burma Railway (vs. elsewhere) was significantly associated with strongyloidiasis (78% cases vs. 40% controls, OR 4.19, CI 2.70-6.81, p < 0.001). In terms of prevalence, strongyloidiasis occurred in 166/1032 men imprisoned on the Burma Railway (16.1%). Malaria (88% vs. 69%, p < 0.001) and tropical ulcer (53% vs. 42%, p < 0.02) were more common amongst cases than controls, probably because these diseases were very common on the Burma Railway. DISCUSSION: S. stercoralis infection is common amongst ex-FEPOWs, particularly those from the Thai-Burma Railway project. It is usually characterized by a 'larva currens' rash and marked eosinophilia. The condition is eminently treatable, and continued diagnostic surveillance is needed, if cases of potentially fatal hyperinfection are to be avoided.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Brachylepis gen. n.--a new genus of cestodes (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae) from shrews in Siberia and the Far East].

A new genus Brachylepis gen. n. hymenolepididean cestodes associated with common shrews (Sorex) in Siberia and Russian Far East is created. These genus includes three species removed from the genus Mathevolepis: Brachylepis morosovi (Karpenko, 1994) comb. n. (type species), B. sorextscherskii (Morosov, 1957) comb. n. and B. triovaria Karpenko, 1990) comb. n. The new genus is characterized by the gradual strobila with a little number of segments, unarmed scolex with apical glandular organ, by lack of internal seminal vesicle and differential seminal receptacle, by form of uterus as horse shoe in young worms and buble-like in mature worms. A tendency of inverse proportional dependence between the number of uterus segments in the strobila and the number of hexacanths in the uterus has been noticed. The table of differential characters for the species of the genus Brachylepis is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The organization and efficacy of the rehabilitative therapy of children with respiratory diseases at a sanatorium-preventorium in the Far East region].

The findings from 706 children suffering from bronchial and pulmonary diseases who attended sanatoria in the Far East of the Soviet Union provided the underlying material for suggestions made on efficient programmes of health improvement. The most social and economic significance implies combined nonpharmacological treatment of children employing local nature and climate factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Results of a study of natural foci of rabies and evaluation of the risk of hydrophobia in new construction areas of Eastern Siberia and the Far East].

The tension of the rabies epidemiological situation in the regions of new constructions in Siberia and the Far East was the result of a wide spread of the infection foci and a great number of domestic animals affected by the disease. All over the territory the main-source of the infective agent for humans are dogs, and only in a few cases wild animals. In the mountainous and steppe regions of the south-eastern part of the Transbaikal territory a natural focus of rabies has been revealed. A scheme for dividing the territory into rabies epidemiological regions has been developed on the basis of studying the factors contributing to the dynamics of the epidemic and epizootic processes, as well as the epizootic situation (in the Chita and Amur regions used as an example).

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Acute tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia heilongjiangensis in Russian Far East.

An acute tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia heilongjiangensis was diagnosed in 13 patients from the Russian Far East in 2002. We amplified and sequenced four portions of three rickettsial genes from the patients' skin biopsy results and blood samples and showed that the amplified rickettsial genes belong to R. heilongjiangensis, which was recently isolated from Dermacentor sylvarum ticks in nearby regions of China. This rickettsia, belonging to subgroup of R. japonica, was previously suggested to be pathogenic for humans on the basis of serologic findings. We tested serum samples with different rickettsial antigens from 11 patients and confirmed increasing titers of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM to spotted fever group rickettsiae, including R. heilongjiangensis. Clinical and epidemiologic data on these patients show that this disease is similar to other tick-borne rickettsioses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Value of the bilio-intestinal bypass in biliary disease in the Far East: retrospective study of 5 year experience at the Calmette Hospital of Phnom Penh (Cambodia)].

Gallstone disease in the Far East exhibits a number of special features regarding epidemiology and etiology as well as indications for and response to surgical treatment. Surgical bypass techniques seldom used for treatment of gallstone disease in the West can be highly effective in lowering complication and recurrence rates in oriental patients. The purpose of this retrospective report is to describe a 5-year experience with gallstone disease at the Calmette Hospital in Phnom Penh (Kingdom of Cambodia). After reviewing the main pathological features encountered, we describe the indications for the two bypass techniques used. Choledocoduodenostomy was used for frail, elderly patients while choledochojejunostomy was the treatment of choice and achieved excellent short, middle, and long-term results in younger patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Brucellosis in Siberia and the Far East].

Epidemiological analysis has indicated that rat and reindeer brucellosis foci are of definite value in Siberia and the Far East in the liquidation of brucellosis ones. Foci of cattle and reindeer have been first established, evidence has been provided for the epidemiological significance of fifth-biological variant B. ovis and B. suis, as well as the ecological confinement of peculiar B. rangiferi cultures to the brucellosis foci in the Arctic. To plan antibrucellosis efforts, it is necessary to take into account the incidence of human infection, as well as the insidious circulation of the bacillus in the stock farms.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of species of the genus Dermacentor Koch in Siberia and the Far East by the sexually immature phases (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae)].

Keys to four known species of the genus Dermacentor from Siberia and Far East of the USSR are based on their nymphs and larvae. Analysis of laboratory cultures served as a basis for distinguishing differential characters of preimaginal phases. Stability of characters in the distribution area of each species was verified on natural material from many geographical localities. A wide range of structures was used for species identification as follows: peculiarities of scutum, peritreme, anal valve, organs of gnathosoma, chaetotaxy and morphometrical characteristics and ratios. Keys can be used for identifying species from the European part of the USSR and north-eastern Kazakhstan.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The structure and functioning of tick-borne encephalitis foci in the southern Far East].

Based on a statistic data on cases of different clinical forms of the tick-born encephalitides in the Russian Far East during 35 years passed it is stated that ecological relations in natural foci of this infection have clear and stable spatio-temporal specific features and hierarchic structure. The epidemic potential of the tick-born encephalitis foci is determined in a great degree by conditions of a cold period of year.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Public health in the Magadan region of the Soviet Far East.

The impressions formulated from a brief encounter and review of selected health care data from the Magadan Region of the Soviet Far East provides a partial picture of the public health practice along with suggestions for continued collaborative efforts. The health care system appears to be based primarily on a clinical medical model. Tracking of reportable infectious diseases and immunization efforts provides a wide array of information for further analysis. A major activity for future collaboration would be in closing the gap between public health knowledge and practice. The health care staff and health care system appears open to critique and discussion.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alaska/Russian Far East behavioral health projects: a progress report on recent activities.

A number of "behavioral health" exchange activities between Alaska and the Russian Far East took place during 1992-93. These included visits by a psychiatrist running one of the first "private polyclinics" in Magadan and by a narcologist to discuss the latest developments in alcohol services; a Behavioral Health Conference where Native health workers from Russia and Alaska shared experiences; beginning a multi-year epidemiology project; and a project to assess needs for a fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) prevention program in Magadan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A serological test for the diagnosis of Strongyloides antibodies in ex Far East Prisoners of War.

This paper gives the results of an ELISA test for Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies in a group of 436 ex Far East Prisoners of War (FEPOWs). Antigen was obtained from third-stage larvae of Strongyloides cebus. Sensitivity of the test is 97%, with a specificity of 99%. The test is being investigated further as regards cross-reactions with other helminths, but initial results look promising.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Far East: comparison of plasmid species in isolates from six countries.

In vitro susceptibility testing of 36 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in the Far East in 1979 and 1980 demonstrated that 27 penicillinase-producing (PPNG) isolates and nine non-penicillinase-producing (non-PPNG) isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, spectinomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefoperazone, moxalactam, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone. In comparison, 50% of the strains had MICs of tetracycline of greater than 2 micrograms/ml, and 75% had MICs, of streptomycin of greater than 128 micrograms/ml. Eighty-two per cent of PPNG and 100% of non-PPNG isolates examined had MICs of kanamycin of greater than 32 micrograms/ml. None of the nine non-PPNG strains had MICs of ampicillin and penicillin of greater than 1 microgram/ml. A 4.4-megadalton plasmid, previously associated with beta-lactamase production, was found in all 27 PPNG isolates examined; 93% of PPNG and 22% of non-PPNG isolates contained a 24-megadalton plasmid previously associated with transfer of the 4.4-megadalton plasmid.

Ampicillin↗