Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Estradiol--analysis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Accumulation of ethinylestradiol in blood and endometrium of women taking oral contraceptives: the sequential therapy.

A radioimmunoassay to quantitate ethinylestradiol (EE-2) in both plasma and endometrium is described. In 29 women under sequential oral contraceptive therapy (chlormadinone acetate, 2 mg, plus mestranol, 80 microgram) for 6 to 84 months, a single blood sample and a single endometrial sample were simultaneously obtained on different days of the pseudomenstrual cycle. In 24 women under 40 years of age the mean plasma EE-2 concentrations were similar during the first (989 +/- 94 pg/ml) and the second half of the cycle (1053 +/- 186 pg/ml) (P greater than 0.05). A similar finding was observed with regard to mean endometrial EE-2 concentrations (3.55 +/- 2.1 and 5.89 +/- 1.7 microgram/gm of wet tissue, respectively). On the other hand, five women over 40 years of age had plasma EE-2 concentrations similar to those of the previous group, but the mean endometrial EE-2 concentrations was 0.9 +/- 0.6 microgram/gm of wet tissue (P less than 0.05). Although plasma follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone did not show midcycle peak values, complete suppression of both gonadotropins was not observed. These results show that endometrium has a great ability to concentrate EE-2, and this ability seems to be greater in women below age 40 than above. Whether or not this observation might be related to the known higher incidence of endometrial cancer in women less than 40 years old who have been under chronic sequential oral contraceptive therapy cannot be disclosed from this limited number of determinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The urinary metabolites of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol-9alpha,11xi-3H in women. Chromatographic profiling and indentification of ethynyl and non-ethynyl compounds.

Metabolites of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) were obtained from human urine following ingestion of tritium-labeled EE2. Over 95% of the recovered activity was found as conjugated steroids and these were separated into four groups by chromatography of the urine extract on Sephadex LH-20 with chloroform-methanol (1/1) + 0.01M NaCl. The two major conjugate fractions appeared to be almost exclusively glucosiduronates. Enzymatic hydrolysis liberated at least ten different EE2 metabolites as shown by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 with benzene-methanol (85/15). After additional separation and purification of these metabolites, positive identification was obtained for nine radioactive compounds by either gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry or reverse-isotope recrystallization. Five were ethynyl compounds: EE2, 2-MeO EE2, 16beta-OH EE2, 2-OH EE2 and 6alpha-OH EE2. The other four were de-ethynylated estrogens: estrone, estradiol-17beta, estriol, and 2-Me-O-estradiol-17beta.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1976

Biliary metabolites of estriol in the rat.

Following the subcutaneous administration of estriol-6,7-3H to rats, biliary metabolites were identified and quantitated. Approximately 70% of the metabolites were excreted in the form of "glucosiduronate" conjugates. 3,17beta-Dihydroxy-2-methoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-16-one was the major metabolite in this conjugate fraction. Significant amounts of 3,17beta-dihydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-16-one and 2,3,17beta-trihydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-16-one, as well as smaller quantities of 1,3,5(10)-estratriene-2,316alpha,17beta, tetrol and 2-methoxy-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3, 16alpha, 17beta-triol, were also found. In 17alpha-ethinylestradiol-treated animals, the rate of excretion of radioactivity and the proportion of 16-oxo-17beta-ol metabolites found in the "glucosiduronate" fraction were reduced.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Adrenal steroids and the development of osteoporosis in oophorectomised women.

To explore the possibility that the wide variation in bone loss among oophorectomised women might be due to differences in adrenal androgens or their biosynthetic pathways, 18 women (10 with very fast and 8 with very slow bone loss) were selected. Serum levels of nine adrenal steroids, including the major androgens and cortisol, were measured under basal conditions and after overnight suppression followed by acute corticotropin stimulation. In addition, basal serum oestrone, oestradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, sex-hormone-binding-globulin, corticosteroid binding globulin, and urinary free cortisol were measured. The only significant differences found were that women who lost bone rapidly had significantly higher urinary free-cortisol excretion (p less than 0.001) and a paradoxically diminished cortisol response to corticotropin. These data make it unlikely that endogenous adrenal androgens or oestrogens are a major factor in preventing bone loss after cessation of ovarian function; cortisol by its catabolic effect, however, may be a significant factor in causing osteoporosis.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1976

Ovarian failure following abdominal irradiation in childhood.

Ovarian function was studied in 18 female patients treated for abdominal tumours during childhood. All received abdominal radiotherapy as part of their treatment and were studied between 1 and 26 years after irradiation. The serum gonadotrophins and oestradiol levels were consistent with ovarian failure in each case but there was a disproportionate elevation in serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) when compared to serum luteinizing hormone (LH) in 16. In 2 patients, the radiotherapeutic field extended downwards only as far as the sacral promontory. However, these 2 girls show similar evidence of ovarian failure to that in the other 16.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Inter-site variation of oestrogen receptors in human breast cancers.

When large human breast cancers were assayed for oestrogen receptors at multiple sites, 5-fold differences were found in the numbers of oestrogen receptors, between the site within a tumour. This may result from variations in the cell:stroma ratio from site to site. Such differences could be significant when receptor levels in the tumour are low (less than 50 fmol oestradiol bound mg cytosol protein) since the classification distinction between hormone-sensitive and hormone-insensitive breast cancers is based upon numbers of oestrogen receptors detected by the assay. This problem might be remedied by assessment of the cell:stroma ratio in all assayed tumours, and by the combination of the cytoplasmic oestrogen-receptor assay with other hormone-receptor assays.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

Estrogen-receptor binding: relationship to estrogen-induced responses.

The relationship between nuclear binding of the receptor-estrogen complex (R-E) and estrogenic responses was examined. Nuclear-bound R-E was measured by the [3H] estradiol exchange assay, which permits the quantification of R-E as a function of either endogenous or non labeled estrogen. The quantity of nuclear R-E fluctuated as a function of blood levels of estrogen during the estrous cycle in the rat. This indicates that the accumulation of the R-E complex by the nucleus of uterine cells may be of physiologic significance and under the control of endogenous estrogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Estrogen profiles in young women: effect of maternal history of breast cancer.

To examine the hypothesis that familial breast cancer risk is related to estrogen metabolism, we analyzed urines of daughters of breast cancer patients and their matched controls for estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3). From this, we computed estriol proportions (E3/E1 + E2 + E3). "Patient-daughters" and the matched controls showed no differences in estriol proportions. Our results failed to support the hypothesis that high-risk women (those with a family history of breast cancer) have relatively lower estriol proportions, and we concluded that whatever family history contributes to breast cancer risk, that risk is not likely to be transmitted by the estrogen profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hormonal profiles in lactating and non-lactating women immediately after delivery and their relationship to breast engorgement.

Prolactin, human placental lactogen (HPL), oestrone, oestradiol and progesterone levels in plasma were measured before and during the first seven days after delivery in women who did not breast feed. The results confirmed the rapid clearance of placental steroids from the circulation after delivery. Plasma prolactin levels remained elevated during the early puerperium and the range of values were the same in non breast-feeding women and a group of breast feeding women. Of the 25 women studied, six developed breast engorgement. No difference in hormonal profiles were found leading to the conclusion that there is no endocrine basis for breast engorgement in non-breast feeding women.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of serum oestrogen concentrations in post-menopausal women taking oestrone sulphate and oestradiol.

Mean serum concentrations of oestradiol-17beta, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate in postmenopausal women were the same when measured up to six hours after treatment with either piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5 mg or oestradiol valerate 2 mg. Maximum concentrations of oestradiol were less than those of oestrone, but oestrone sulphate reached concentrations about 30 times higher than those of oestrone. The rapid conversion of oestradiol valerate to oestrone and oestrone sulphate does not support the suggestion that in menopausal women oestradiol is less likely to be associated with a risk of endometrial carcinoma than oestrone sulphate, since the two preparations appear to become identical after ingestion.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1976

Responses of plasma "estradiol" and plasma LH to ovariectomy, ovariectomy plus adrenalectomy, and estrogen injection at various ages.

Plasma LH and "estradiol" were measured by radioimmunoassay in female rats 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 80 days of age, and the changes in these hormone levels 24 h after ovariectomy, ovariectomy plus adrenalectomy, and estrogen injection were determined. Plasma "estradiol" was high at 5 days of age; it increased further to a peak at 15 days of age, and declined thereafter to the low levels seen in adult rats. At each age, plasma "estradiol" declined about 50% 24 h after ovariectomy, whereas it fell to undetectable levels 24 h after ovariectomy plus adrenalectomy at 20 and 80 days of age. Plasma LH did not increase 24 h following ovariectomy at 5 days of age, but it did at all ages thereafter. The peak increase occurred 24 h after ovariectomy at 15 days of age, and the increment was progressively smaller at older ages. Ovariectomy plus adrenalectomy did not cause a significantly greater increase in plasma LH than ovariectomy alone. Injection of estradiol caused a decrease in plasms LH at all ages except in the animals ovariectomized at 5 days of age. The greatest decrease was seen in animals ovariectomized at 15 days of age, with a progressively smaller negative feedback response as age increased. In addition to providing systematic data on changes in the negative feedback effect of estradiol at various ages, the results indicate that, especially in immature animals, there is a circulating substance which cross-reacts with antibodies to estradiol but which does not appear to be a biologically-active estrogen. It does not come from the ovaries and disappears from the circulation if the adrenals as well as the ovaries are removed.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1976

3H-Estradiol uptake and retention by target tissues of light-sterilized female rats.

Tissue distribution of radioactivity was studied at 2, 4 and 6 h after intravenous injection of 3H-estradiol-17beta (41.7 ng/100 g b.w.) in 12 light-sterilized and 11 control female rats ovariectomized 72 h prior to injection. Female rats were light-sterilized by exposure to continuous illumination for 82 days and, based on the duration of continuous vaginal cornification and the absence of corpora lutea at post-mortem histological examination of the ovaries, were anovulatory for at least 30 days prior to injection. Control rats were housed under conditions similar to the experimentals except that they were exposed to alternating lighting (14 h light:10 h dark). They remained ovulatory throughout the experiment. Uterine 3H-estradiol uptake and retention were significantly depressed in the light-sterilized group. There were no significant differences in 3H-estradiol uptake or retention as a result of light-sterilization in any of the other tissues studied, including anterior, middle, and posterior hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebrum, anterior pituitary and plasma. The failure to detecta reduction in neural 3H-estradiol uptake demonstrates that the anovulatory state can exist without a concomitant reduction in the hypothalamic estrogen binding capacity. The possibility is discussed that the decreased target tissue binding noted in various types of anovulatory animals is the result, not the cause, of altered ovarian function.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1976

Effect of a new LH-RH analogue (D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LH-RH) on gonadotrophin and gonadal steroid secretion in men.

The effect of a new analogue of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone LH-RH, D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LH-RH, on the secretion of LH, FSH, as well as testosterone, oestradiol, HGH, prolactin, TSH, and cortisol was studied in normal men. The same subjects were injected intravenously in 4-day intervals with 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mug of this substance. A significant LH but no FSH release was seen after doses of 1.0 and 2.5 mug LH-RH analogue, while after 5.0 and 10.0 mug dose-dependent increases of LH and imposed elevations of FSH were observed. Peak levels of LH were reached after 30 min, those of FSH after intravenous injection after 120 min. LH and FSH remained elevated for 8-10 h. LH peak levels after 5 mug of LH-RH analogue were comparable to those seen after injection of 100 mug of the decapeptide LH-RH. Following the release of LH and FSH after doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mug LH-RH analogue, there was a late stimulating effect in testosterone and oestradiol secretion. HGH, TSH, prolactin, and cortisol were not influenced by the LH-RH analogue.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hypersensitivity of the human gonadotrophs to the repeated administration of small doses of LH-RH.

The functional capacity of the gonadotrophs was assessed by repeated stimulation with small doses of LH-RH (5 microgram intravenously at 2-hour intervals for 3 injections) in normal women during the early and late follicular phases of the menstrual cycle. The results were compared to those obtained when a single dose (100 microgram) of the neurohormone was administered. During the early follicular phase, the release of LH and FSH remained about equal after the 3 successive injections of the small and after the large dose of LH-RH. During the late follicular phase, the release of LH and fsh increased progressively after the repeated administration of the 5 microgram of the neurohormone while the large dose induced a more pronounced and a more sustained pituitary response. This hypersensitivity of the gonadotrophs is observed when the E2 concentrations are higher than in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hormone serum levels and hormone receptor contents of endometria in women with normal menstrual cycles and patients bearing endometrial carcinoma.

Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (HPRL), 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were estimated in 46 subjects with normal menstrual cycles in whom hysterectomies were performed. Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) levels in endometrial samples of these patients were estimated, and histological dating of the cycle day was carried out. Similarly, hormone serum levels and ER as well as PgR were estimated in 17 patients with endometrial carcinoma. No correlation between LH, FSH, HPRL and ER as well as PgR was noted in the normal subjects. Correlation between P and ER was observed in this group. Parallel variations between E2 and PgR were recorded in the normal females. In the carcinoma group no correlations between hormone serum levels and receptor contents were found, but ER and PgR correlated with each other. Receptor levels was highest in the well-differentiated group of endometrial carcinoma. The present experiments provide a rationale for progestagen therapy of carcinoma of the endometrium.

Endometrium↗
PubMed1978

Serum levels of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone following the administration of a combined oral contraceptive containing 20 micrograms ethinylestradiol.

An oral contraceptive containing 20 micrograms of ethinylestradiol and 250 micrograms of levonorgestrel was given to 5 normally menstruating women for two consecutive cycles. Peripheral serum levels of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone were determined during the treatment period and during two control cycles, one immediately before, and one immediately after treatment. In all 5 women studied there were no LH peaks and no luteal phase levels of progesterone during the treatment cycles indicating complete inhibition of ovulation. 4 of the 5 women showed no biphasic estradiol pattern. Posttreatment control cycles showed reestablished ovulatory pattern in 4 of the 5 subjects.

Adolescent↗