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PubMed1977

[Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infections. General review of 31 cases of septicemia with endocarditis reported in the literature (author's transl)].

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is widely distributed in nature (animal, soil). It is commonly known as the causative agent of cutaneous lesions called "erysipeloid of Rosenbach". Only 31 cases of bacterial endocarditis have been reported in the literature. The etiologic diagnosis of Esysipelothrix infection was established by the presence of bacteria in blood cultures or heart-valve cultures. Immunological study is unusual owing to the rapid course of the infection. The histologic observation of heart lesions corroborates the diagnosis. The patient's receptivity depends on his occupation, general health (importance of rheumatic heart disease), sex (male), age (from 40 to 60 years old), but also on the season (from July to October) and climate (temperate). With the exception of the few cases where it is possible to recognize a portal of entry of infection or the appearance of typical cutaneous manifestations, bacterial endocarditis due to Erysipelothrix presents a clinical picture similar to that of most other bacterial endocarditis. The antibiotic treatment is an association of penicillin-streptomycin, administered in large doses over a period of at least four weeks. In spite of intensive therapy, many patients died.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Septic arthritis caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection after arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

A case of septic arthritis caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, after an arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) substitution in a non-immunosuppressed patient is described. An 18-year-old man underwent an ACL reconstruction with a quadruple hamstring graft. Eight days postoperatively, the patient developed fever, knee pain, and effusion without erythema or suppuration. He was readmitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of septic arthritis. The patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, and white blood cell count were high. The joint was aspirated and the fluid was sent for cultures that revealed the presence of E rhusiopathiae. E rhusiopathiae is widespread in nature, it is transmitted by direct cutaneous laceration, and it causes septic arthritis, meningitis, endocarditis, and renal failure in immunosuppressed people with poor prognosis. In our case, the infection was treated with arthroscopic lavage and debridement, retention of the graft and hardware, and intravenous antibiotic administration for 6 weeks, followed by oral administration for 16 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Localization of viable bacteria and bacterial antigens in arthritic joints of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-infected pigs.

Chronic polyarthritis was induced in pigs by infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (serovar 2, strain T28). Viable bacteria could be reisolated as long as 5 months post-infection from synovial fluid, synovial tissue and from isolated chondrocytes. The number of viable bacteria could be increased by hypotonic shock of the chondrocytes indicating a substantial intracellular amount of bacteria. Bacterial antigens were shown by immunohistochemistry to be present on the surface of both chondrocytes and synovial cells in arthritic joints. Neither viable bacteria nor bacterial antigen were detected in unaffected joints.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and MHC class II on chondrocytes in arthritic joints from pigs experimentally infected with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

This study set out to investigate the in vivo expression and distribution of the porcine homologues of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and MHC Class II as markers of chondrocyte activation during the development of chronic polyarthritis, which was experimentally induced in Landrace pigs by intra-articular injection of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. ICAM-1 was found to be strongly expressed in vivo on chondrocytes and synovial cells in arthritic joints but was not detected in cartilage from unaffected joints. Although the majority of ICAM-1 positive chondrocytes did not co-express MHC Class II, chondrocyte-type cells expressing both molecules were detected in the transition zone as the disease progressed, particularly at 5 months post-infection. At this stage infiltration of CD4+ T lymphocytes into the damaged cartilage was also apparent. ICAM-1 and MHC Class II are not constitutively expressed on porcine chondrocytes but appeared to be induced as arthritis progressed. The detection of these markers in the pig helps to establish the validity of this animal model for immunopathological studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Neuraminidase neutralizing antibodies in pigs with chronic Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection (author's transl)].

Investigating sera from pigs with chronic E. rhusiopathiae infection relative gamma-globulin values, agglutination titers, and neuraminidase-neutralizing humoral antibodies were determined at the 12th and 15th, 11th and 14th, and 3rd and 6th month after infection. We found increasing gammaglobulin values and increasing neuraminidase neutralizing antibodies but decreasing agglutination titers. Few animals don't have antibodies against neuraminidase and died during the observation period. Furthermore immunodiffusion test demonstrated precipitating lines of antibodies against living E. rhusiopathiae cells and active neuraminidase. No or very weak bands were observed against heat killed cells and heat-inactivated enzyme.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1975

Articular lesions in experimental Erysipelothrix insidiosa infection in rats.

Articular lesions were studied in the extremities and vertebral column in murine erysipelas infection. Pathologic alterations found in those different joint systems were essentially the same in character. In the early stage of infection, phlegmon-like inflammation was observed in the periarticular loose connective tissue. Abundant fine Gram-positive bacilli were free in inflamed edematous tissue. Then, active serofibrinous exudation and emigration of leukocytes occurred in the synovial membrane, articular cartilage, annulus fibrosus, and nucleus pulposus with the development of the disease. These exudative changes disappeared gradually. Instead of them, proliferation of synovial cells accompanied by dense infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells became conspicuous. At the same time, chondro- and osteoclastic activity occurred in the joints of the extremities or regions adjacent to the intervertebral disk. Capsular and subchondral pannus often resulted from an excessive proliferation of granulation tissue. In the late stage, they synovial membrane and granulation tissue underwent fibrosis, adhesion and ossification. Finally, these changes resulted in fibrous or bony ankylosis and deformation. Gram-positive bacilli were hardly detected in histological preparations derived from animals in the chronic stage when proliferative change was predominant in the articular lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Erysipeloid.

Erysipelothrix infections have been a well-known clinical entity for over a century. Only a few cases have been studied histologically, and the agent has rarely been cultured from infected patients. We present here a case of erysipeloid of Rosenbach, in which histologic study and electron microscopy document the presence of microorganisms. We also present a complete review of the clinical and pathologic features of Erysipelothrix infections and their treatment. Our observations suggest that Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is capable of producing L forms that may revert to a bacterial form and produce sepsis at a later time.

Erysipeloid↗
PubMed2004

Protective immunity of SpaA-antigen producing Lactococcus lactis against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection.

AIMS: To develop an economical, safe and simple vaccination system against swine erysipelas using SpaA-antigen producing Lactococcus lactis. METHODS AND RESULTS: The spaA gene of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was inserted into a shuttle plasmid pSECE1 to construct pSECE1.3. The SpaA produced in L. lactis maintained a stable antigenicity without degrading in growth. After mice were inoculated intranasally and orally with pSECE1.3-carrying L. lactis cells, IgG and IgA specific to SpaA were detected, and all the mice survived a challenge with 100 LD(50) of E. rhusiopathiae Tama-96 in the inner thigh. CONCLUSIONS: SpaA-producing L. lactis appears useful as an effective subunit vaccine against swine erysipelas. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this vaccination system, purification of the antigen and injection are unnecessary, leading to a reduced production cost, reduced labour and less stress to the animals. This vaccination system of the lactic acid bacteria should be a safe and suitable vehicle for a polyvalent vaccine.

Administration, Intranasal↗