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PubMedDate not supplied

Finding meaning in reporting requirements. Provider sampling and survey length.

Meeting compliance requirements to report information such as provider satisfaction typically inspires groans, followed by hasty actions by those who must collect and supply the information. Reports often reflect this lack of interest as findings are rarely defended as representative. Our medical group employed statistical methodology to make this process meaningful while also keeping it fairly simple and without incurring added costs. By establishing our provider satisfaction survey as a scientifically based endeavor, we improved the likelihood the provider would actively and honestly participate, and report findings with confidence.

Data Collection↗

PubMed1983

[Private households according to socioeconomic classification in national accounting: the model of the Federal Statistical Office].

The author notes that "for calculating income distribution and expenditure by groups of households, annual averages are required concerning the number of private households by household groups and...the structure of the household members in a socio-economic classification." Problems of adjusting such household data so that they are compatible with data from other sources such as employment statistics are discussed, and a procedure for adjusting annual micro-census data on households in the Federal Republic of Germany is described. "Results for the year 1982 are presented, showing the main development trends as compared with the year 1972. Finally, the quality of forecasting with the adjustment procedure is studied." (summary in ENG)

Censuses↗

PubMed1992

Paroxetine versus placebo: a double-blind comparison in depressed patients.

BACKGROUND: Paroxetine is a potent and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The present study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine against placebo in depressed outpatients. METHOD: A double-blind, parallel-group study was undertaken in four stand-alone centers. Patients aged 18-65 years, meeting DSM-III criteria for major depression, and having a Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score > or = 18 on the first 17 items of the HAM-D-21 were randomized to paroxetine or placebo for 6 weeks of treatment. Efficacy outcome variables included the HAM-D, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI), and the Covi Anxiety Scale. Tolerability was assessed by asking a non-leading question. Routine laboratory safety and vital sign data from all four centers were pooled. The primary analysis used the intention-to-treat sample and for efficacy variables the last-observation-carried-forward data set was employed. Statistical methods included one-way analysis of variance for parametric and Fisher exact test for nonparametric variables. RESULTS: Significant differences (p < or = .05) were found between paroxetine and placebo on the HAM-D and CGI by Week 2 and on all efficacy outcome variables by Week 4. Improvement on the HAM-D sleep factor occurred 2 weeks prior to that seen on the retardation factor. Similar results were obtained when an adequate treatment group (therapy for > or = 28 days) was considered. A full clinical response (CGI-severity of illness score 1 or 2) was seen in over 40% of subjects. Adverse events were more common for paroxetine compared with placebo (p < or = .01). Somnolence was twice more common than nervousness. Dropout due to adverse events was similar between therapies. Paroxetine had no clinically significant effect on laboratory safety data or vital signs. CONCLUSION: Paroxetine was an effective, well tolerated, and safe antidepressant. Side effects were typical of the SSRI class of drugs. Symptoms indicative of a nonalerting profile were more common than those associated with alerting effects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Research & development on computer expert system for forensic bones estimation].

OBJECTIVE: To build an expert system for forensic bones estimation. METHODS: By using the object oriented method, employing statistical data of forensic anthropology, combining the statistical data frame knowledge representation with productions and also using the fuzzy matching and DS evidence theory method. RESULTS: Software for forensic estimation of sex, age and height with opened knowledge base was designed. CONCLUSION: This system is reliable and effective, and it would be a good assistant of the forensic technician.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗

PubMed2006

The impact of interventions on a pre-industrial Austrian Alpine population.

The purpose of the present study is to gain a better understanding of the role of culture in demographic behaviour. The case study uses demographic data to illustrate cultural factors intervening in the social organisation of an Austrian village in the period 1700-1900. Two sets of potential intervening variables that might explain the effects of culture on demographic behaviour were investigated: population policies through normative regulations and institutional changes due to shifts in government. The paper employs statistical techniques in a structural change setting for evaluating the impact of policies and institutional changes on the demographic development. There is clear evidence that normative interventions concerning the fraction of illegitimate births and the marriage pattern were effective.

Anthropology, Cultural↗

PubMed1978

Effects of dark rearing on dendritic spines in layer IV of the mouse visual cortex. A quantitative electron microscopical study.

The effect of visual deprivation on dendritic spines in the visual cortex layer IV of 19 days old mice was studied with the electron microscopy. From the serial ultrathin sections of the selected dendrites bearing spines the author has calculated the volume and surface area of dendritic spines, and also the surface area of their synaptic zones. Employing statistical methods he has demonstrated that visual deprivation produced a retarded development of some dendritic spines in dark reared mice. The fact that the smallest dendritic spines cannot be seen with the light microscope while the number of such small spines is larger in the dark reared mice can well explain the apparent reduction in the number of dendritic spines in deprived animals studied in Golgi impregnated material.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[An algorithm for calculating HLA haplotype frequency].

The algorithm computes gene- and haplotype frequencies from phenotype data of the HLA system. It is an iterative procedure which finds these frequencies by employing statistical and combinatorial considerations. The probabilities for homozygosity of single genes are used as essential parameters. They are simultaneously computed by the algorithm. These parameters are mainly needed for the evaluation of alleles, whose gene product cannot be determined serologically.

Alleles↗

PubMed1994

Brain electrical activity mapping in childhood absence epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) studies related to children with epileptic seizures have been rarely reported. The authors wished to search for BEAM values in children with epilepsy, to better understand the changes in the cerebral field distribution of epileptiform events. METHODS: Electroencephalographies (EEGs) of 19 Chinese children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), but with normal intelligence, were studied prospectively and consecutively. Among them, 11 were boys aged from 6-12 years; 8 girls aged from 6-13 years. EEGs were simultaneously recorded on the Concerto (32 channels), and on the EEG machine, according to standardized recommendations. Frequency or spectral analysis was measured in terms of Band power (uv2), RMS (uv) and InstVolt (uv). Maps were also displayed simultaneously as color in their topographic distriution, with four-picture maximum. RESULTS: In comparing the four bands of background activities in subjects with eyes closed and open, in the different subgroups, there were no significant differences between boys and girls, nor between the group with epileptiform discharge events (EDE) and the group without EDE, except for the beta band in subjects with eyes closed of the EDE group. There was a significant increase of band power in the group treated with valproic acid, and an increase over the F3 in beta band, Fp1, F4 in theta band, F3, F4, P4, 02 in delta band, but no significant increase was found in alpha band. EDE was also measured and mapped and showed bilateral symmetry with a mid-frontal maximum. Root mean square (RMS) measurements of epochs, from the beginning of EDE to the end of EDE, showed significant increases in voltage over the F8 area. CONCLUSIONS: BEAM can clearly show cerebral field distribution, but also can employ statistical tests to give significance to the analyzed data. Furthermore, BEAM may be helpful for localization of the epileptiform discharges in EEG.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Vinyl chloride cytogenetics.

This report presents cytogenetic findings from a group of 209 workers employed for up to 28 years in the manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer at the Texas Division of Dow Chemical U.S.A. Cytogenetic evaluation results from this group were compared to results found in examination of individuals being considered for employment. Statistical analyses were performed on a group basis for chromatid aberrations, chromosome aberrations and proportion of abnormal cells; no statistical difference of significance was found between the two groups. Comparison of these results with reported studies suggests that the level of cytogenetic aberrations in vinyl chloride workers is probably related to the length and level of exposure, and that risk of adverse genetic effect can be avoided in controlled, minimal-exposure environments.

Chemical Industry↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Kansas nursing occupational projection 1995-2005.

The Kansas State Department of Human Resources recently released a study of occupational employment throughout the state. The data was compiled using staffing pattern employment from the 1992, 1993 and 1994 occupational employment statistics program survey of industries, along with base year 1993 average annual employment for Kansas industries. Projected demand for occupational employment is significantly affected by the projected employment for industries.

Employment↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychoautonomic disorders in patients with neurocirculatory dystonia and the mitral valve prolapse syndrome].

Pattern was studied of autonomic regulation of cardiac activity in young male adults with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) versus patients with cardiac type of neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD). In assessing the condition of the autonomic nervous system we employed statistical analysis of heart rate at rest (vegetative tone) and at minute 60 of the intake of propranolol (vegetative reactivity). The patient's psychological state was assessed by MMPI. MVP patients had normal vegetative homeostasis but hyperreactivity of the autonomic nervous system in acute propranolol test; symptomatic patients displayed paradoxical reactions. NCD patients showed sympatheticotonia in rest and normoreactivity in acute propranolol test. We conclude that above patient populations experienced notable changes in their mental condition that reflect disturbances in the personality formation process.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Pregnancy and the working woman: a review.

The potential impact of employment on pregnancy is an important issue that merits assessment, given the increasing numbers of women entering the labor force and continuing employment throughout pregnancy. A review of the literature evaluating the effects of employment on pregnancy is presented, including a brief historical and legal perspective, as well as employment statistics in the USA. There is emerging evidence from various studies suggesting that long working hours and prolonged standing may place a pregnancy at risk. Thus, physicians need to counsel their patients about these potential risks and provide recommendations for early modification of employment activities, in order to have a positive impact on pregnancy outcome.

Attitude to Health↗

PubMed1987