Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Ellagic Acid”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Ellagic acid blocks activation of pancreatic stellate cells.

Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and inflammation. Ellagic acid is a plant-derived polyphenol found in fruits and nuts, and has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. But, little is known about the effects of ellagic acid on PSCs as well as on the activation of signal transduction pathways. We here evaluated the effects of ellagic acid on the activation and cell functions of PSCs. PSCs were isolated from rat pancreas tissue and used in their culture-activated, myofibroblast-like phenotype unless otherwise stated. Ellagic acid inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation and migration, interleukin (IL)-1beta- and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production, and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and collagen genes. Ellagic acid inhibited PDGF-BB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGF beta-receptor and the downstream activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt. Ellagic acid inhibited IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-induced activation of activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase), but not of nuclear factor-kappaB. In addition, ellagic acid inhibited transformation of freshly isolated cells to an activated, myofibroblast-like phenotype. In conclusion, ellagic acid inhibited key cell functions and activation of PSCs.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Interaction between ellagic acid and calf thymus DNA studied with flow linear dichroism UV-VIS spectroscopy.

The interaction between ellagic acid and DNA has been characterized with respect to the geometry of the ellagic acid-DNA complex, and the active form of ellagic acid has been identified. Optical spectroscopic methods have been employed to examine the interaction between double-stranded calf thymus DNA and ellagic acid in low-ionic-strength aqueous solutions at pH values of 5.5, 7.0, and 8. 8. Based on normal absorption titration and flow linear dichroism experiments, it is confirmed that the neutral form of ellagic acid present at pH 5.5 binds to double-stranded DNA. It is found that the plane of the ellagic acid chromophore is positioned at an angle relative to the DNA helix axis, which is in accordance with intercalation of ellagic acid in DNA. It is concluded that at higher values of pH no or a very limited amount of ellagic acid binds to DNA. These results prove that the direct interaction between ellagic acid and DNA must be taken into account when evaluating the mechanism underlying the observed biological effects of this plant phenol.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits by ellagic acid.

Oxidative stress is one of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease. Ellagic acid is a phenolic compound present in fruits and nuts, and has been found to have antioxidative property. Twenty-four New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits were assigned randomly into four dietary groups. The normal group was fed regular rabbit chow, and the cholesterol group was fed a high fat and cholesterol diet. The ellagic acid (E) group and probucol group were fed the same diet as the cholesterol group plus the addition of 1% (w/w diet) ellagic acid and probucol, respectively. Oxidative stress [as measured by plasma lipids, oxygen free radicals and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] increased in the cholesterol group compared with the normal group; however, it decreased in the probucol and E groups compared with the cholesterol group. Forty-five percent of the intimal surface of the thoracic aorta was covered with atherosclerotic lesions in the cholesterol group, but only 2-3% was covered in the E and probucol groups. The aortic level of 8-(OH)dG and the expression of caspase-8, caspase-9 and Fas ligand were also suppressed after ellagic acid supplement. These results indicated that ellagic acid could prevent atherosclerosis via suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits.

8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗
PubMed2006

Isolation, purification and identification of ellagic acid derivatives, catechins, and procyanidins from the root bark of Anisophyllea dichostyla R. Br.

The root bark of Anisophyllea dichostyla R. Br. is traditionally used in the Democratic Republic Congo for the treatment of several conditions such as anorexia, fatigue and intestinal infections. We have identified and quantitated several polyphenol antioxidants in the methanol extract of the root bark (120g). The polyphenol content (3.32g/kg) was predominantly ellagitannins (25%) and polyhydroxyflavan-3-ols (catechins and procyanidins, 75%) with 3'-O-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxo ellagic acid 4'-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside and (-)-epicatechin as the major species in each class. These two compounds and the following species were identified unequivocally by NMR spectroscopy: (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate, 3-O-methyl ellagic acid, 3,3'-di-O-methyl ellagic acid, 3'-O-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxo ellagic acid, 3'-O-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxo ellagic acid 4'-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside, and 3'-O-methyl ellagic acid 4-O-beta-d-xylopyranoside. The following additional compounds were purified by semi-preparative HPLC and tentatively identified on the basis of UV spectra, HPLC-ESI-MS and nano-ESI-MS-MS: (+)-catechin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside, epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-catechin (procyanidin B(1)), epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin (procyanidin B(2)), an (epi)catechin trimer, 3-O-methyl ellagic acid 4-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside, (-)-epicatechin 3-O-vanillate, 3,4-methylenedioxo ellagic acid 4'-O- beta-d-glucopyranoside, and 3,3'-di-O-methyl ellagic acid 4-O-beta-d-xylopyranoside. Fractionation of the raw extract by column chromatography on silicic acid yielded 10 fractions. In the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase antioxidant assay system, CC-9 which contained a range of polyphenols dominated by (-)-epicatechin-O-gallate proved to be the most potent antioxidant fraction (IC(50)=52 micro g/mL) in terms of ROS scavenging. In terms of XO inhibition CC-8, dominated by (epi)catechin trimer and which also contained appreciable amounts of 3'-O-methyl ellagic acid 4'-O-beta-d-xylopyranoside, as well as the catechins (+)-catechin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside, epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-catechin (procyanidin B(1)), and (-)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate, proved to be the most potent (IC(50)=36 micro g/mL).

Catechin↗
PubMed1998

Inhibitory actions of ellagic acid on growth and arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in strains of Helicobacter pylori from peptic ulcer patients.

Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in Helicobacter pylori was inhibited by ellagic acid, a possible chemopreventive drug. The NAT activity was determined using an acetyl CoA recycling assay and high pressure liquid chromatography. Inhibition of growth studies using H. pylori demonstrated that ellagic acid elicited a dose-dependent bactericidal effect in H. pylori cultures, i.e. the greater the concentration of ellagic acid, the greater the inhibition of growth of H. pylori. The IC50 value was 1 mM for inhibition of growth of H. pylori. Cytosols or suspensions of H. pylori with and without selected concentrations of ellagic acid co-treatment showed different percentages of 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid acetylation. The data indicated that there was decreased NAT activity associated with increased ellagic acid in H. pylori cytosols and intact cells. For the cytosol and intact bacteria examinations, the apparent values of K(m) and Vmax decreased after co-treatment with 1 mM ellagic acid. This report is the first demonstration of ellagic acid inhibition of arylamine NAT activity and ellagic acid inhibition of growth in the bacterium H. pylori.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed2005

Ellagic acid potentiates the effect of quercetin on p21waf1/cip1, p53, and MAP-kinases without affecting intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species in vitro.

Anticarcinogenic effects attributed to polyphenols in fruits may be based on synergistic, additive, or antagonistic interactions of many compounds. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that quercetin and ellagic acid interacted synergistically in the induction of apoptosis in the human leukemia cell line, MOLT-4. To investigate possible cellular mechanisms, this study evaluated whether synergistic effects might be detectable within proapoptotic or antiproliferative signal transduction pathways. We found that quercetin and combinations of quercetin and ellagic acid nonsynergistically increased p53 protein levels. In contrast, ellagic acid potentiated the effects of quercetin for p21(cip1/waf1) protein levels and p53 phosphorylation at serine 15, possibly explaining the synergistic effect observed in apoptosis induction. Phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, c-jun N-terminal (JNK)1,2 and p38, was also increased by the combination of ellagic acid and quercetin, whereas quercetin alone induced only p38. We further evaluated whether the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or quercetin stability were influenced by interactions of ellagic acid with quercetin. Quercetin increased the generation of ROS, which was neither potentiated nor inhibited by ellagic acid. The stability of intracellular and extracellular quercetin was not influenced by the presence of ellagic acid. In summary, quercetin and ellagic acid combined increase the activation of p53 and p21(cip1/waf1) and the MAP kinases, JNK1,2 and p38, in a more than additive manner, suggesting a mechanism by which quercetin and ellagic acid synergistically induce apoptosis in cancer cells.

Cell Cycle Proteins↗
PubMed1994

Identification of tricyclic analogs related to ellagic acid as potent/selective tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors.

The plant-derived natural product ellagic acid (1) has recently been identified as a potent, though nonselective, inhibitor of the tyrosine-specific protein kinase pp60src. This report details efforts directed toward the identification of tricyclic structures related to ellagic acid, with enhanced specificity for inhibition of pp60src over other protein kinases. Phenanthridinone and carbazole core structures were selected for investigation, since N-functionalization allows for the synthesis of numerous analogs which can be utilized to probe enzyme-inhibitor interactions. These ring systems were prepared via a general sequence of biaryl bond formation followed by cyclization to form the desired tricyclic ring systems. N-Alkylation, -acylation, or -sulfonylation and deprotection with boron tribromide afford the target tetraphenolic phenanthridinones 5 and carbazoles 9. Several analogs from both of these series have potencies comparable to that of 1 and exhibit substantially enhanced selectivities for inhibition of pp60src relative to protein kinase A (PKA), a serine/threonine protein kinase. Carbazole-based analogs 9j,m,p are submicromolar inhibitors of pp60src, with potency for the target tyrosine kinase comparable to that of ellagic acid (1), however with 2 orders of magnitude greater selectivity versus that for PKA. As seen for ellagic acid, members of the phenanthridinone-based series (e.g., 5a) exhibited inhibition of pp60src in a manner which is partial mixed noncompetitive with respect to ATP, while analogs in the carbazole series (e.g., 9a) inhibit pp60src in an ATP competitive manner.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Isolation and synthesis of a new bioactive ellagic acid derivative from Combretum yunnanensis.

A new ellagic acid derivative (1) was isolated from the branches of Combretum yunnanensis, and its structure was assigned as 4-(4' '-O-acetyl-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl)ellagic acid by analysis of its spectral data. Total synthesis of 1 was achieved by the glycosylation of 3,3'-di-O-benzylellagic acid (5) with 4-O-acetyl-2,3-di-O-benzyl-l-rhamnose (4) as a key reaction, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined. Compound 1 showed weak inhibitory activity against the growth of various tumor cells and inhibited HIV-1 protease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ellagic acid toxicity and interaction with benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Ellagic acid, a plant phenol present in various foods consumed by humans, has been reported to have both anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic potential. To evaluate the potential anti-carcinogenic property of ellagic acid, we tested its effects on the toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, 7,8-dihydrodiol and binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells. The toxicity of ellagic acid itself for human bronchial epithelial cells was also determined. Using a colony-forming efficiency assay, it was found that a nontoxic concentration of ellagic acid (5 micrograms/ml) enhanced the toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol in human bronchial epithelial cells. In contrast, ellagic acid at concentrations of 1.5 and 3.0 micrograms/ml inhibited binding of benzo[a]pyrene metabolites to DNA in these cells. An explanation for the potentiating effect of ellagic acid on the toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene, 7,8-dihydrodiol will require further investigation into the possible mechanisms of interaction between these two compounds.

Benzo(a)pyrene↗
PubMed2006

Ellagic acid and natural sources of ellagitannins as possible chemopreventive agents against intestinal tumorigenesis in the Min mouse.

Ellagic acid has been shown to have chemopreventive effects in various experimental cancer models. We wanted to see whether pure ellagic acid and natural ellagitannins from cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) seed and pulp have any effect on adenoma formation in Apc-mutated Min mice. From the age of 5 wk, the mice were fed either a control diet, a diet containing pure ellagic acid at 1,564 mg/kg, or diets containing 4.7% (wt/wt) cloudberry seeds or 5.3% cloudberry pulp. The concentrations of ellagitannins and free ellagic acid in the seed diet were 807 and 42 mg/kg and in the pulp diet 820 and 34 mg/kg, respectively. After the 10-wk feeding period, ellagic acid had no effect on the number or size of adenomas in the distal or total small intestine, but it increased adenoma size in the duodenum when compared with the control diet (1.50+/-0.29 vs. 1.16+/-0.31 mm; P=0.029). Neither cloudberry seed nor pulp diets had any effect on the adenoma formation. Chemopreventive effects and mechanisms of whole cloudberry and other similar sources of phenolic compounds should, however, be studied, further taking into account food matrix and interactions with other dietary constituents that may be involved in the bioavailability and metabolism of ellagitannins.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2002

Ellagic acid and flavonoid antioxidant content of muscadine wine and juice.

Antioxidant properties of flavonoids and ellagic acid were characterized in eight wines and juices produced by various processing methodologies from red and white muscadine grape cultivars (Vitis rotundifolia). Juices and wines were produced by hot- and cold-pressed techniques, and additional wine was produced following on-hull fermentation for 3, 5, and 7 days. Chromatographic conditions were developed to simultaneously separate anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and flavonols and correlated to a measurement of overall antioxidant capacity (AOX), and their changes were monitored after storage for 60 days at 20 and 37 degrees C. Regression coefficients between concentrations of individual polyphenolics and AOX ranged from 0.55 for ellagic acid to 0.90 for kaempferol. Both red and white wines had higher AOX values after storage than juices made from an identical grape press, despite lower concentrations of individual polyphenolic compounds. Red wines fermented on-hull had higher initial concentrations of antioxidant polyphenolics as compared to a corresponding hot-pressed juice, but changes in AOX during storage were more affected by time than by storage temperature despite lower concentrations of flavonoids and ellagic acid present at 37 degrees C as compared to 20 degrees C. Oxidative or polymerization reactions significantly decreased levels of monomeric anthocyanins during storage with the greatest losses observed for delphinidin and petunidin 3,5-diglucosides. Processing methods for muscadine wine and juice production were important factors influencing concentrations of antioxidant flavonoids and ellagic acid, while the role of fermentation and time had the greatest influence on retention of AOX properties during storage.

Antioxidants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antioxidant and apoptosis-inducing activities of ellagic acid.

BACKGROUND: Antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptosis inducing activities of a natural polyphenolic compound, ellagic acid, were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DPPH radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities were observed. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were measured in ellagic acid-treated V79-4 cells. For apoptotic inducing activity, human osteogenic sarcoma (HOS) cell proliferation, chromosomal DNA degradation and changes in apoptosis-related protein levels were measured. RESULTS: Ellagic acid showed high DPPH radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities. SOD, CAT and GPX activities were significantly increased in ellagic acid-treated V79-4 cells. Ellagic acid significantly reduced HOS cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis evidenced by chromosomal DNA degradation and apoptotic body appearance. Bax expression was induced and caspase-3 was activated by ellagic acid treatment. CONCLUSION: Ellagic acid exhibited both antioxidant activity in V79-4 cells and apoptosis-inducing activity in HOS cells through the up-regulation of Bax and activation of caspase-3.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of pH and rat intestinal contents on the liberation of ellagic acid from purified and crude ellagitannins.

This study was undertaken to measure the liberation in vitro of ellagic acid [2], a naturally occurring inhibitor of carcinogenesis, from precursor ellagitannins under conditions found in the gut tract. Enzymes, namely beta-glucosidase, esterases, and alpha-amylase, were incubated with raspberry extract. In addition, raspberry extract and casuarictin [1] were treated at different pH's and with the contents of small intestine and cecum from rats fed AIN-76A diet. The esterase activity of the enzyme samples was measured spectrophotometrically using p-nitrophenol acetate as the substrate, and the amount of ellagic acid [2] released from all samples was analyzed by hplc. The hydrolysis of the ellagitannins was not catalyzed by any of the purified enzymes tested, and components of the raspberry extract were found to inhibit the purified esterases noncompetitively. Casuarictin [1] was hydrolyzed to yield high quantities of ellagic acid [2] when placed in buffer at pH 7 and 8, or when incubated with cecal contents for two hours. The release of ellagic acid [2] from the raspberry extract was optimal at pH 8, and maximal release in cecal contents occurred with 1 h. Small intestinal contents had no significant effect on ellagic acid liberation from either casuarictin [1] or raspberry extract.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Protective effects of ellagic acid and other plant phenols on benzo[a]pyrene-induced neoplasia in mice.

The inhibitory effects of three phenolic compounds (ferulic, chlorogenic and ellagic acids) on benzo[a]pyrene- and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced neoplasia have been investigated in mice. Ellagic acid was the most potent antagonist of tumorigenesis since this compound is active, by i.p. administration or added in the diet, on benzo[a]pyrene-induced pulmonary adenoma formation in A/J mice and, after topical application, on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced skin tumorigenesis in NMRI Swiss mice. If ellagic acid has little or no effect on the number of tumor bearing animals, the incidence of pulmonary tumors per animal is decreased by greater than 50%. Ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid (5 X 100 mg/kg, by i.p. route) were also active, but less than ellagic acid, against the lung carcinogenesis by benzo[a]-pyrene (100 mg/kg, i.p.) but were totally ineffective against the formation of skin tumors by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. These results remarkably paralleled the in vitro antimutagenic effects of these compounds shown by Wood et al. on benzo[a]pyrene. It must be noted that ellagic acid only exerted, by i.p. route, a severe toxicity after four injections of 100 mg/kg, in oil suspension, whereas the oral administration in the diet (a daily dose of 100 mg/kg during 15 days) did not cause any toxicity.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of liver microsomal cytochrome P450 activity and metabolism of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK by capsaicin and ellagic acid.

The tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3- pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), present in tobacco and tobacco smoke, is metabolically activated by microsomal enzymes. In this study, we examined the effect of capsaicin and ellagic acid on the in vitro metabolism of NNK by hamster and rat liver microsomes. Capsaicin is the principal component of Capsicum fruits used widely throughout the world as a food additive. Ellagic acid, with reported anticarcinogenic properties, is found in various soft fruits and nuts. Both capsaicin and ellagic acid inhibited the major pathways of NNK-reduction, N-pyridine oxidation and a-hydroxylation by hamster liver microsomes. Capsaicin inhibited NNK-reduction and a-hydroxylation and ellagic acid inhibited N-oxidation and a-hydroxylation by rat liver microsomes. The effects of capsaicin and ellagic acid on isozymes of cytochrome P450 were observed in the hydroxylation reactions of the metabolism of the steroid hormone testosterone. Results of these experiments indicated that both capsaicin and ellagic acid strongly inhibited the constitutive enzymes CYP 2A2, 3A1, 2C11, 2B1, 2B2 and 2C6. This study suggests that capsaicin and ellagic acid, as naturally occurring dietary constituents, possess antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties through the inhibition of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Ellagic acid: a potent naturally occurring inhibitor of benzo[a]pyrene metabolism and its subsequent glucuronidation, sulfation and covalent binding to DNA in cultured BALB/C mouse keratinocytes.

The metabolism of [3H]benzo[a]pyrene (BP) by cultured primary keratinocytes prepared from BALB/C mouse epidermis was found to be largely inhibited by the dietary plant phenol, ellagic acid. Varying concentrations of ellagic acid added to the keratinocyte cultures resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECD). The major organic solvent-extractable metabolites found intracellularly in the cultured cells were trans-7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo[a]-pyrene (BP-7,8-diol) and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OH-BP), although small amounts of 9-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, quinones and trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo[a]-pyrene (BP-9,10-diol) were also present. The major organic solvent-extractable metabolites found in the extracellular culture medium were BP-7,8-diol and BP-9,10-diol, with smaller quantities of unconjugated phenols and quinones. The major intracellular and extracellular water-soluble metabolites of BP were conjugated with glucuronide (primarily 3-OH-BP and several BP-quinones), and to a lesser extent with sulfate (primarily BP-7,8-diol). Both intracellular and extracellular metabolism of organic solvent-extractable and water-soluble conjugates was significantly inhibited by ellagic acid in a dose-dependent manner. The intracellular enzyme-mediated binding of BP to mouse keratinocyte DNA was also largely inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by ellagic acid. Our results indicate that cultured primary mouse keratinocytes offer a useful model system for studying factors affecting the metabolic activation and detoxification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens in the epidermis, and that polyphenolic compounds such as ellagic acid may prove useful in modulating the risk of cutaneous cancer that results from exposure to these environmental chemicals.

7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase↗
PubMed2001

Less damaging effect of whisky in rat stomachs in comparison with pure ethanol. Role of ellagic acid, the nonalcoholic component.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Ellagic acid (EA), one of the polyphenols that are abundantly contained in whisky as a nonalcoholic component, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we compared the action of whisky and pure ethanol on the rat gastric mucosa, and examined the role of EA in the less-damaging effect of whisky in the stomach. METHODS: Under urethane anesthesia, a rat stomach was mounted in an ex vivo chamber, perfused with saline, and the transmucosal potential difference (PD) was measured before and after exposure to whisky (Yamazaki, Suntory) and ethanol (43%). In a separate study, the animals were given whisky or ethanol (1 ml, 43%) p.o. under unanesthetized conditions, killed 1 h later, and the gastric mucosa was examined for hemorrhagic lesions. RESULTS: Both whisky and ethanol caused a PD reduction, resulting in damage in the stomach, but these responses were less marked in the case of whisky. Although the reduced PD recovered gradually after removal of ethanol, this process was significantly expedited by co-application of EA (80 microg/ml), the recovery rate being much the same as that observed after exposure to whisky. The less-damaging effect of whisky was confirmed in unanesthetized rats after p.o. administration of these agents. In addition, EA (1-30 mg/kg), administered p.o. together with absolute ethanol (99.9%), reduced the severity of gastric lesions induced by ethanol, in a dose-dependent manner, and the effect at 30 mg/kg was equivalent to that obtained by the whisky component containing several low- and high-molecular-weight polyphenols. EA had a scavenging action against both oxygen and hydroxyl radicals in vitro, the effect being equivalent to that of catechol or alpha-tocopherol. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that whisky is less irritating to the gastric mucosa, as compared with pure ethanol, and this property of whisky may be explained by EA, one of polyphenols contained in whisky, and its radical scavenging action.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The protective action of ellagic acid in experimental myocarditis].

The article presents the material on the study of the cardioprotective effect of ellagic acid on a model of neoepinephrine myocarditis in rats. In doses of 0.5-1 mg/kg ellagic acid causes a marked antioxidant effect. Restores the disturbed myocardial functions. The reference-agent vitamin E (50 mg/kg) yields to ellagic acid as a cardioprotector. The effect of 0.5 mg/kg of ellagic acid was more stable than that of a 1 mg/kg dose. The cardioprotective activity of the drugs under study was determined according to the POL parameters in a myocardial homogenate and blood serum and according to the EEG parameters and the degree of cardiomyocyte cytolysis.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗