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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Recurrent pneumothorax in interstitial lung disease, anogenital and abdominal wall exanthema and secondary amenorrhea in a 20-year-old patient. Langerhans-cell histiocytosis].

CASE REPORT: A 20-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital because of a pneumothorax. A secondary amenorrhea was coexisting. On the abdominal wall and in the anogenital area a maculopapular exanthema was visible. Chest X-ray and HR-CT showed an interstitial lung disease with high probability of histiocytosis X which was confirmed by biopsies of lung and skin tissue. The cause of amenorrhea was a histiocytic infiltration of the pituitary stalk. Conventional "consensus-treatment" for adults with vinblastine, prednisone and etoposide did not prevent relapsing bilateral pneumothoraces. Treatment was successful with the protocol as proposed by the international study for children. This treatment is characterized by higher dosage and combination with 6-mercaptopurine.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A 28-year-old patient with exanthema on hands and feet].

We report on a case of papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome (PPGSS). Our 28-year-old female patient showed a typical exanthema on hands and feet followed by high fever, cervical swelling of lymph nodes and general symptoms. Clinical and paraclinical tests led to a diagnosis of PPGSS. This is, in most cases, caused by viral infections, in particular by the parvovirus B19. After recovering, the daughter of our patient suffered from erythema infectiosum, a typical infection caused by parvovirus B19.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Macular exanthema appearing 5 days after X-ray contrast medium administration.

We report a case of widespread, pruritic macular exanthema appearing 5 days after intravenous administration of the X-ray contrast medium, iohexol (Omnipaque) in a patient who had not previously received any X-ray contrast medium. The eruptions resolved in 7 days, leaving no residual lesions. When the patient was challenged intradermally with the same contrast medium 1.5 months after recovery, the same type of eruption developed 1 day after challenge. Histological examination of biopsies from positive skin test sites revealed the presence of a dermal infiltrate of lymphocytes. This case is another example of a late-onset adverse reaction to an X-ray contrast medium, mediated by specific T cells. The usefulness of intradermal skin testing for confirming the allergic nature of the reaction and for studying cross-reactivity pattern is emphasized.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed2002

Tula virus infection associated with fever and exanthema after a wild rodent bite.

Reported here is the first case of human acute infection with Tula virus, which occurred in a 12-year-old boy in Switzerland. This hantavirus had been considered apathogenic to humans, and in Switzerland only TULV-genome sequences have been demonstrated in wild rodents to date. In this case, paronychia, fever and exanthema occurred after the patient was bitten by a wild rodent, indicating an unusual route of hantavirus transmission. Thus, Tula virus infection should be taken into account in patients with appropriate clinical symptoms and contact with rodents.

Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination↗
PubMed1996

Human herpesvirus-6-associated exanthema in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

SUMMARY: We report the first case of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) associated exanthema in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL). We analysed DNA extracted from an exanthematous lesion using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA was positive for HHV-6 but negative for herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus. Immunohistochemical staining of the skin with monoclonal antibody against (HHV-6 confirmed the infection. The possibility of HHV-6 infection should be considered when an atypical skin rash is seen in patients with ALL.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Frequent seizures with elevated interleukin-6 at the eruptive stage of exanthema subitum.

A 15-month-old girl developed frequent seizures at the eruptive stage of exanthema subitum. The eruption persisted for 2 weeks. Serum immunoglobulin G antibody to human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) increased markedly. Interleukin-6 was elevated whereas HHV-6 deoxyribonucleic acid was not detected in cerebrospinal fluid. These findings suggest that immune-mediated reactions after HHV-6 infection rather than direct action of active HHV-6 are responsible for frequent seizures in this case.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Immunohistology of drug-induced exanthema: clues to pathogenesis.

Hypersensitivity reactions to drugs can cause a variety of different skin disorders, the most frequent being maculopapular eruptions. In recent years increasing evidence has indicated the important involvement of T cells in this drug reaction. Histopathological changes typically show a dominant T-cell infiltration together with vacuolar interface dermatitis. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrate the presence of cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which contain perforin and granzyme B, in close proximity to keratinocytes showing signs of cell destruction. Expression of Fas ligand is barely detectable, which suggests that cytotoxic granule exocytosis may be the dominant pathway leading to keratinocyte cell damage. In addition, drug-specific T cells may orchestrate the inflammatory skin reaction through the release and induction of various cytokines (i.e. IL-5, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) and chemokines (i.e. regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted; eotaxin). These mediators contribute to the generation of eosinophilia, which may amplify the underlying immune response through the release of further proinflammatory mediators in drug-induced maculopapular exanthema.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1978

A model for vesicular exanthema virus, the prototype of the calicivirus group.

The structure of vesicular exanthema virus, the prototype member of the calicivirus group, has been studied in more detail. The RNA comprises 18% of mol. wt. of about 2.8 x 10(6), based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis experiments in the presence of formaldehyde. The virus contains one major polypeptide, mol. wt. 70 x 10(3) as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by chromatography on Sepharose 6B in the presence of 6 M-guanidine. Further evidence for the presence of a single major polypeptide was obtained by tryptic peptide analysis of 35S-methionine labelled virus. The mol. wt. of a protein oligomer produced by adjusting the pH of virus suspensions to 3.5 was c. 200 x 10(3). On the basis of these data we propose a T = 3 model for the virus capsid incorporating 180 copies of the virus protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The influence of various chemical additives on the survival of vesicular exanthema virus in aerosols.

The influence of relative humidity (r.h.) on the survival of vesicular exanthema virus (VEV) in aerosols at I s and during the next 5 min when generated from phosphate buffer solution containing polyhydroxy compounds, dimethyl sulphoxide, salt or protein has been examined. VEV was sensitive to r.h. in the range of 40 to 60% in the presence of bovine serum albumin, glucose, inositol or phosphate buffer. Addition of sodium chloride stabilized the virus in aerosols at mid-range r.h. both immediately after generation and after a period of storage for 5 min. In the presence of dimethyl sulphoxide or glycerol, virus survival was reduced at 20% r.h. at I s and at all r.h. during the first 5 min. Pre-humidification did not produce any significant difference in virus recovery.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1986

Acute HTLV III infection associated with exanthema, diagnosed by seroconversion.

We report three homosexual men who developed malaise, fever and a roseola-like exanthema which disappeared over 2 weeks. During 3 months follow-up, all three patients felt well and had no symptoms. HTLV III seroconversion was detected several weeks after the acute HTLV III infection. In two of the three cases the Western blot technique was able to detect HTLV III antibodies before they were detectable by the ELISA technique.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[A study of standardization of surveillance data 1). Significance of "corrected value of patients" and its application to exanthema subtium and erythema infectiosum].

It is suggested that "Corrected value of patients" is a useful method in comparing prefectural surveillance data. "Corrected value of patients" is calculated as follows: Ratio of the number of reported patients for 5 years of each prefecture of each infectious diseases to number of the national scale is called "Corrected rate". The number to be divided is called "Corrected value of patient", individually reported number of patients of the surveillance divided by "Corrected rate". Because the "Corrected value of patients" is based on the number of reported patients for 5 years, the unequality among epidemics which differ become similar. As the value of practical usage is well recognized, 3-dimensional graphs can be used for weekly reports, not only for Exanthema subitum but also for Erythem infectiosum.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1995

Genetic relatedness of the caliciviruses: San Miguel sea lion and vesicular exanthema of swine viruses constitute a single genotype within the Caliciviridae.

The San Miguel sea lion viruses (SMSV) and vesicular exanthema of swine viruses (VESV) are related morphologically and antigenically, but little has been done to determine their genotypic relationship to each other and to other caliciviruses. To examine this relationship, reverse transcriptase PCRs were performed by using oligonucleotide primer sets designed to amplify portions of the 2C RNA helicase-like and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase regions with total cellular RNA purified from virus-infected cell cultures as a template. The 2C RNA helicase primers directed the amplification of this region from eight SMSV serotypes, five VESV serotypes, and four related viruses. The RNA polymerase primer sets amplified products from all these viruses except one. Phylogenetic comparison of the caliciviruses demonstrated that SMSV, VESV, and four related viruses are closely related while being distinct from feline calicivirus, the human caliciviruses (small, round-structured viruses), and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus and that they should be classified as a single genotype within the Caliciviridae.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Distinct serum cytokine levels in drug- and measles-induced exanthema.

BACKGROUND: Macular or maculopapular skin reactions are frequent events in drug allergy as well as in viral infections. Clinically, the differentiation may be difficult in the absence of a clear relationship to drug intake or failure to detect virus-specific antibodies of the IgM class. Studies on drug-specific T cell lines and T cell clones isolated from drug-allergic patients have suggested that these cells may represent a significant source of IL-5. On the other hand, viral infections are frequently associated with elevated IFN-gamma levels. OBJECTIVE: Determination of serum-cytokine levels to differentiate between drug- and virally induced skin eruptions. PATIENTS: 18 patients suffering from acute drug allergy and 19 patients with acute measles, rubella or parvovirus infection. MEASUREMENTS: Cytokine-ELISA (IL-5, IL-4 and IFN-gamma) of sera collected during acute drug allergy or during acute measles, rubella or parvovirus infection. RESULTS: In 12/18 patients with drug allergy, IL-5 and/or IL-4 were elevated. A significant correlation (r(Spearman) = 0.84) between IL-5 serum levels and eosinophil counts in the blood was found. No correlation was detected between IL-4 and blood eosinophilia or between IL-4 and IL-5 levels. After remission, IL-5 and IL-4 decreased to undetectable levels. IFN-gamma on the other hand was not measurable in patients with drug allergy while elevated IFN-gamma serum levels were detected in 17/19 patients with measles, rubella or parvovirus infection; 2 patients with acute virus infection had elevated IL-5, and/or IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels. CONCLUSION: These data underline the distinct pathogenesis of these morphologically similar exanthemas and suggest that the combined analysis of eosinophilia in the blood, IL-4 and IFN-gamma might help in differentiating skin eruptions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2007

Recurrent flexural exanthema (SDRIFE or baboon syndrome) after administration of two different iodinated radio contrast media.

In 1984, the baboon syndrome was described as a particular form of systemic contact dermatitis that occurred after the administration of a contact allergen in individuals previously sensitized by topical exposure to the same allergen. Its clinical picture presents as an erythema of the buttocks and upper inner thighs resembling the red bottom of baboons. This specific reaction was originally observed with mercury, nickel and ampicillin. Since then over 100 cases have been described, most of them without known prior sensitization to the causative agent. In 2004, our group proposed the acronym SDRIFE specifically for cases associated with systemic drugs; it stands for symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema, as a distinct reaction pattern related to systemic drugs. Here we describe a case of SDRIFE after administration of the iodinated radio contrast medium (RCM) iomeprol (Iomeron), accidentally reproduced by the RCM iopromide (Ultravist). Positive delayed skin tests with both drugs were observed indicating that the pathomechanism of SDRIFE is likely a cell-mediated type IV allergy. Oral potassium iodide and a skin-test-negative RCM were administered and both tolerated, indicating that the antigen is related to the molecules and not to iodine itself. Therefore, in our case skin tests had a good positive and negative predictive value.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed2004

Occurrence of equine coital exanthema in pastured draft horses and isolation of equine herpesvirus 3 from progenital lesions.

During the period from 2001 to the following year, progenital diseases had been epidemic among the draft stallions and mares pastured together in Iwate Prefecture, the northeastern district of Japan. A stallion and 8 of 31 mares were affected in 2001, and 1 of 2 stallions and 10 of 36 mares in 2002. The clinical symptoms consisted of the formation of papules, pustules, ulcers and scabs on the progenital skin and mucosa in stallions and mares. In 2002, Equine herpesvirus 3 (EHV3) was isolated from 2 mares and the glycoprotein G gene of the virus detected from a stallion and 4 mares by polymerase chain reaction. Serum neutralizing tests showed that 12 of 38 horses, 10 clinically and 2 subclinically affected, changed to be positive for the EHV3 antibody. The results suggest that the horses were affected with equine coital exanthema (ECE) through coitus. Five mares with the antibody at the pre-pastured period may have been the possible origins of EHV3 infection in 2002, although the exact origin in 2001 remains unknown. The artificial insemination was performed for the prevention of ECE spreading through coitus on the pasture in 2003. There was no epidemic of the disease in 31 mares, although 3 mares with the antibody at the pre-pastured period showed the significant increase in the titers during the pastured period.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia (granulocytic sarcoma) with arm paresis, maculopapular exanthema and organ involvement.

Granulocytic sarcoma (extramedullary myelosarcoma, chloroma) is a rare extramedullary myeloid tumor which can occur at any anatomical site as isolated finding or associated with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In this case, we describe a 71-year-old man who presented with incomplete paresis of the left arm, periorbital swelling, a maculopapular exanthema and organ involvement including testis and stomach. The tumors responded to combination chemotherapy and the patient fully recovered. However, after five months the patient relapsed and died quickly. This case confirms the importance of including granulocytic sarcoma in the differential diagnoses of a variety of diseases. In AML, the presence of granulocytic sarcoma is associated with worse overall survival. When diagnosed, it should be treated with intensive chemotherapy as soon as possible.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Haemorrhagic exanthema due to dengue virus induced by acetylsalicylic acid].

Dengue fever, a viral infectious disease characteristic of tropical climates, is considered to be a re-emergent pathology responsible for several serious outbreaks in the last decade. Some factors have been involved in the spread of the virus and its vectorial mosquito carrier: human alteration of the ecosystems, improvement and speed in the transit of goods and people and climate changes. As a reflection of this, an increase in imported cases is probable, especially in tourists coming from endemic areas, considering its short period of incubation (7-10 days). The recognition of personal antecedents of journeys, the main symptoms of the disease and the potential presence of complications (haemorrhagic dengue) should be included in the examination of fever of unknown origin or feverish exanthema. The case of a patient is presented whose clinical picture of classic dengue fever was worsened by self-treatment with acetylsalicylic acid.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1990

The exanthema of acute (primary) HIV infection. Identification of a characteristic histopathological picture?

A male homosexual presented with a skin rash, pharyngitis, fever and lymphadenopathy. The clinical symptoms were suggestive of an acute primary HIV infection. The diagnosis was confirmed serologically. We describe here the clinical and histopathological picture of the exanthema. Biopsy from a papular skin lesion revealed a possibly characteristic pattern.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗