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Results for “Competency-based training”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Providing for the severely handicapped: a case for competency-based preparation of occupational therapists.

Recent court decisions that mandate the development of new instructional alternatives for severely handicapped children will have significant implications for occupational therapists. Focusing on such issues as mainstreaming, accountability, and certification standards, this paper places in perspective the problems and trends that have led to this new challenge. It also provides suggestions for the development and disposition of training programs that can ultimately result in more appropriate programming for the handicapped children in the new population to be served in the public schools. Illustrated with examples of competency components and behavioral objectives, competency-based occupational therapy preparation programs are emphasized.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Perception of teaching competencies by medical educators.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an introductory educational planning workshop on perception of teaching competencies by medical educators. A questionnaire containing twenty-seven teaching competencies (TC) was administered before and after the workshop. The twenty-five participants, from four different countries, were asked to rate each TC regarding its importance for teachers and whether they possessed them or needed further training. The results showed that this workshop created more awareness regarding the importance of these TCs and also created a need for further training for specific TCs in order to put educational principles into practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of a one-month training block in psychosocial medicine for residents: a controlled study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a comprehensive, one-month psychosocial training program for first-year medical residents. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, controlled study with immediate pre/post evaluation. Limited evaluation of some residents was also conducted an average of 15 months after teaching. SETTING: Community-based, primary care-oriented residency program at Michigan State University (MSU). SUBJECTS: All 28 interns from the single-track MSU residency program during 1986/87-88/89 participated in this required rotation; there was no dropout or instance of noncompliance with the study. In the follow-up study in 1989, all 13 available trainees participated. Of 20 untrained, volunteer controls, ten were second/third-year residents in the same program during 1986/87 and ten were interns from a similar MSU program in Kalamazoo, MI, during 1988/89. TEACHING INTERVENTION: An experiential, skill-oriented, and learner-centered rotation with competency-based objects focused on communication and relationship-building skills and on the diagnosis and management of psychologically disturbed medical patients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The two subsets of the control group were combined because residents and training programs were similar and because means and standard deviations for the subsets were similar on all measures. By two-way analyses of variance (group x gender), the trainee group showed significantly greater gains (p less than 0.001) on questionnaires addressing knowledge, self-assessment, and attitudes; a mean of 15 months following training, there was no significant deterioration of attitude scores. All trainees were also able to identify previously unrecognized, potentially deleterious personal responses using a systematic rating procedure. Residents' acceptance of the program was high. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive, comprehensive psychosocial training was well accepted by residents. It improved their knowledge, self-awareness, self-assessment, and attitudes, the latter improvement persisting well beyond training.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Objectives to direct the training of emergency medicine residents on off-service rotations: emergency medical services.

Emergency Medical Services are an area of special interest in emergency medicine. Many emergency physicians are called upon to direct, train, or manage emergency medical services. Residents training in emergency medicine have a need for a defined curriculum in emergency medical services. Residency training should provide a basic foundation in EMS including on- and off-line medical control, medicolegal aspects, communications, disaster management, and EMS history, structure, and function. The resident must gain experience through on-scene observation, EMT/Paramedic education, medical direction, and quality assurance activities. This paper is one in a continuing series of goals and objectives to direct resident training in off-service rotations. Specific resources, learning objectives, and experiences are suggested.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Making the transition to postsecondary education and training.

A nationally representative sample of youth with disabilities who recently exited high school was studied to determine the participation of the youth in postsecondary educational programs. The results show that youth with disabilities participate in postsecondary programs at only one-quarter the rate attained by their counterparts without disabilities and at only one-third the rate attained by economically disadvantaged youth. The relationship of postsecondary education for youth with disabilities to long-term success in employment is yet to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The role of the teaching hospital. A survey of paediatric anaesthetic techniques used by trainee anaesthetists on a regional training scheme.

All trainee anaesthetists on the Northern Ireland training scheme were surveyed about the techniques they use when anaesthetising elective paediatric cases. We compared the practice of doctors with specialist paediatric training to that of others and discovered that trainees with specialist training were more likely (p less than 0.05) to admit parents during induction, but were less likely (p less than 0.05) to visit their patients pre-operatively and routinely to use suxamethonium. Other general findings were confusion over the re-use of halothane and extensive involvement of trainee anaesthetists in neonatal resuscitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

GP trainees' views on hospital obstetric vocational training.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the content of hospital obstetric vocational training for general practice, the beliefs of general practitioner trainees about this training, and their perceived competence at practical obstetric procedures and the effect of training. DESIGN: Confidential postal questionnaire. SUBJECTS: A random one in four sample of all general practitioner trainees in the United Kingdom on vocational training schemes or in training practices in Autumn 1990. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Trainees' competence and beliefs on Likert scale, numbers of procedures witnessed and performed, type of maternity care trainees intended to provide. RESULTS: Of 1019 trainees sent questionnaires, 765 (75.1%) replied; 517 had done some hospital obstetric training. After six months as a senior house officer 232/367 (63%) believed they were competent to perform a normal delivery unaided, 228 (62%) to manage a severe postpartum haemorrhage, and 227 (62%) to resuscitate a newborn infant. 272 (35.6%) trainees intended to provide intrapartum care and 56 (7.5%) to book home deliveries in the future. Hospital training increased confidence in performing most obstetric procedures in all trainees. However, a greater proportion of trainees who intended to provide full care than shared care felt competent at performing a normal vaginal delivery (63% (170/272) full v 45% (215/473) shared), low forceps delivery (38% (103) v 17% (79)), manual removal of placenta (24% (65) v 17% (82)), and intubating a neonate (42% (114) v 34% (161)). Trainees who had done any obstetric training were less likely to think that training encouraged future provision of intrapartum care (113/509 (22%) training v 65/213 (31%) no training). CONCLUSION: Hospital vocational obstetric training increases the perceived competence of trainees but fails to encourage them to use obstetric skills.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Training for health care assistants.

The adequate preparation of health care assistants is a matter which is causing nurses great concern. Neil Headford outlines the initiative developed by Barnsley Health Authority which is designed to comply with the recommendations of statutory educational bodies. The meticulously designed course offers health care assistants broad and challenging opportunities and is based on the principles of adult and open learning. Assessment of performance is achieved through a competency model which draws on the ideas of established researchers.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1989

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987. A policy analysis.

The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1987 set forth new provisions for Medicare and Medicaid sections related to new standards for care in the nursing home setting. One major provision was for nurse aide training. Within that provision there are four specified requirements: (1) nurse aide training for 75 hours, (2) competency evaluation of newly trained nurse aides, (3) competency evaluation of nurse aides already providing care, and (4) a registry for nurse aides. The primary implications of the these requirements center on the responsibility of the individual nurse or nurse community in ensuring appropriate implementation of the new requirement. Without appropriate implementation, some of the provisions increase the liability of the nurse and the risk to the public. The reality of OBRA 1987 and its intent of bringing a measure of quality assurance to the nursing home industry should only serve as an impetus for the nursing community to better translate the nurse role and its contribution in the nursing home setting to policy makers at local, state, and federal levels.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed1989

Multicompetency education in radiologic technology.

A primary method of cost control in health care facilities is the utilization of one employee in more than one capacity. The need for multicompetency education is readily apparent in radiologic technology, a field that consists of a wide variety of closely related specialty areas. The curriculum in the Division of Radiological Health Sciences at the University of Texas School of Allied Health Sciences at Galveston, has been specifically structured to accommodate this need. The division offers associate degree programs in radiography, nuclear medicine technology, and radiation therapy technology, and makes use of a core curriculum. The division also offers advanced skills training in subspecialty areas at the postassociate level in computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, and dosimetry. An evaluation of this system of multicompetent education is provided, based on a survey of graduates from the program. Multicompetent graduates were found to receive significantly higher salaries, enjoy an expanded job market, and have consistently better outlooks toward their future careers than single-skilled graduates.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1987

Appropriate dental training.

Primary dental health care has emerged as an important concept, particularly in the poor countries of the world, where dentistry as currently practised has not proved capable of controlling oral disease. Training for primary dental health care provision must be shaped to meet the specific needs of countries and communities. It demands a reorientation of those objectives which are conventional in dental teaching and the development of new attitudes on the part of teachers. Training must aim at self-development in which the ability to achieve simple goals is to the fore. The formulation of plans, the activities which result from them and the evaluation of their effects must be central to the teaching philosophy. Training must aim to develop competency in individual workers. This can best be generated by the use of field exercises. Teachers must not just deliver packages of information but they should develop a climate favourable to self-learning and use resources in a manner which allow students to recognise their own growth and development. Appropriate methods for achieving these goals are reviewed.

Community Dentistry↗