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PubMed1999

Effects of physical therapy on cytokines and two color analysis-lymphocyte subsets in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

The effects of physical therapy on immunological parameters were evaluated in 12 patients (8 males and 4 females, 69.2 +/- 9.0 years) with cerebrovascular diseases in a stable situation two to three months after the onset of stroke who entered in our hospital between 1994 and 1997. After a two-month physical therapy program, the proportions of helper-inducer T (Thi) cells and suppressor-inducer T (Tsi) cells were increased significantly and that of cytotoxic T (Tc) cells was decreased, although those of HLA-DR+, suppressor T (Ts) and activated T (Tac) cells were not changed. The antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) was significantly increased, although natural killer (NK) cell activity was not changed. The serum levels of interleukin-2 receptor was significantly increased but those of interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12 were not changed. The serum levels of interleukin-10, interleukin-12 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were not detectable, while interleukin-1beta was decreased in 2 patients and interleukin-10 was increased in 2 patients. These findings suggest that daily physical exercise may activate the immune system possibly through the cytokine network in patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CVD).

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Monitoring of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women by transvaginal sonography and color flow doppler: study in different phases of sequential therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To assess uterine artery blood flow and endometrial thickness in postmenopausal patients receiving sequential hormone replacement therapy (HRT) at different phases of the treatment. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study. SETTING: Ultrasound and menopause units of the obstetrics and gynecology department of the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. PATIENT(S): Forty postmenopausal women were treated with cyclic sequential HRT (transdermal E2, 50 microg/d, days 1-21; and dydrogesterone, 10 mg/d, days 12-24). INTERVENTION(S): All patients underwent transvaginal color Doppler sonography in the estrogen (phase E) and progestogen (phase E/P) phases and after uterine bleeding when no hormone was administered (phase 0). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial thickness; systolic, diastolic, and mean velocities; and pulsatility and resistance indices of the uterine arteries. RESULT(S): No statistically significant difference in endometrial thickness between phase E (6.5+/-1.6 mm) and phase E/P (6.0+/-1.7 mm) was observed. In phase 0, compared with phases E and E/P, a statistically significant decrease in endometrial thickness was found (4.1+/-1.2 mm). Doppler flow impedance parameters of uterine arteries during the different phases of the HRT cycle showed no differences between the phases considered. CONCLUSION(S): The decrease in endometrial thickness in phase 0 suggests a protective effect of our cyclic sequential regimen on the endometrium. Dydrogesterone does not interfere markedly with the vasodilatory effect of estrogen on uterine arteries.

Aged↗
PubMed1964

COLOR IN DREAMS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Color↗
PubMed1991

Tinted lenses and related therapies for learning disabilities--a review.

Research relating to the use of Irlen tinted lenses and coloured overlays for underachievers is reviewed. Many of the studies were not published in refereed journals and were methodologically poor. The weaknesses of the Irlen argument are discussed, including the absence of evidence to support the claims that these tints need to be uniquely prescribed and manufactured. Syntonics is another form of visual colour therapy that has been applied to those with a learning disability. Research on this is reviewed, and is also shown to have procedural irregularities which preclude firm conclusions. Owing to the poor quality of much of this research the claims of the protagonists of these therapies cannot be proved or disproved. A proposed new therapy is normally preceded by a valid theoretical hypothesis; this has been lacking in the present topic. Recently, a feasible explanation has been proposed in terms of 'pattern glare' resulting from mild hypersensitivity to epileptogenic patterns. This, together with potential alternative theories, is discussed. In the conclusion of this review, advice is given for eye-care practitioners who may be consulted on these therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of Irlen scotopic sensitivity syndrome test results to academic and visual performance data.

UNLABELLED: Irlen has defined a condition called Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome (SSS) that is associated with reading problems. According to Irlen, SSS can be treated by the use of colored filters, but there is disagreement about the existence of SSS and the efficacy of colored filter therapy. METHODS: Thirty-nine children participated in the study: 24 were academically normal, nine had specific reading problems, and six had problems in multiple academic areas. SSS levels and preferred overlay colors were determined. Optometric test data were also available for each subject. RESULTS: No significant relationships were found between academic classification and degree of SSS. There were also no significant relationships between preferred overlay color and any other variables. There was, however, a significant tendency for subjects with higher SSS levels to be candidates for vision therapy and to derive greater benefit from the colored overlays. CONCLUSIONS: Many questions about the use of colored filters for the treatment of reading problems remain unanswered. Among these are questions dealing with whether the M-pathway anomalies found in some dyslexics are also present to a lesser degree in other cases of reading disabilities, and how colored filters could re-balance the M- and P-pathways. Is it the color of the filter itself that is critical, or is it the change in luminance or contrast produced by the filter that seems to make it easier for some subjects to read? More research will be needed to answer these questions.

Child↗
PubMed2005

Multiracial recruitment in the field of family therapy: an innovative training program for people of color.

This article describes the creation of a training program designed to increase the number of family therapists of color in the family therapy field. In 1992, a partnership between New York City schools of social work, community agencies, and the Ackerman Institute for the Family created the Diversity and Social Work Training Program. Elements critical to the program's success were recruitment strategies, mentorships, partnerships with outside organizations, provision of a long-term institutional commitment, biracial collaborations, and institutional change. This article describes the design, structure, and process of this program's evolution and its impact 12 years later.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2003

Changes in coronary plaque color and morphology by lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin: serial evaluation by coronary angioscopy.

OBJECTIVES: Changes in coronary plaque color and morphology by statin therapy were evaluated using coronary angioscopy. BACKGROUND: Coronary plaque stabilization by statin therapy has not been clarified in humans. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with coronary artery disease were divided into either the comparison group (n = 16) or the atorvastatin group (n = 15). Before treatment and 12 months after, the color and complexity of 145 coronary plaques were determined according to angioscopic findings. The yellow score of the plaque was defined as 0 (white), 1 (light yellow), 2 (yellow), or 3 (dark yellow), and its disrupted score was defined as 0 (smooth surface) or 1 (irregular surface) and as 0 (without thrombus) or 1 (with thrombus). In each patient, the mean yellow score and mean disrupted score were calculated. RESULTS: Mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased by 45% in the atorvastatin group, whereas an increase of 9% was seen in the comparison group. The mean yellow score decreased from 2.03 to 1.13 in the atorvastatin group, whereas it increased from 1.67 to 1.99 in the comparison group. There was a good correlation between the change in the mean yellow score and the change in LDL-C levels (r = 0.81, p < 0.0001). The change in the mean yellow score and mean disrupted score differed significantly between the two groups (p = 0.002 and p = 0.03, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report clarifying detailed changes in coronary plaque by statin in humans. This study indicated that lipid-lowering therapy changes plaque color and morphology and should then lead to coronary plaque stabilization.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Transvaginal color Doppler assessment of endometrial status in normal postmenopausal women: the effect of hormone replacement therapy.

We used transvaginal color Doppler sonography to study the effects of hormone replacement therapy on the endometrial structure and vascular flow of 345 normal postmenopausal women. We studied women taking estrogen replacement alone, continuous combined estrogen and progestogen, and estrogen followed sequentially by estrogen-progestogen combination. Endometrial measurements prior to the initiation of hormone replacement therapy were used as baseline values. An increase in endometrial thickness was seen soon after initiation of hormone replacement therapy (P < 0.0001). Hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma was found only when endometrial thickness was greater then 9 mm. No correlation was found between hormone replacement therapy and the occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Quality assurance of I-125 seed permanent implant therapy using a self-color developing reflection-type dosimetry sheet film.

PURPOSE: We evaluated a self-color developing sheet-type film for the detection of dead seeds in I-125 permanent implant therapy for prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a preliminary study, we irradiated X-rays to a self-developing reflection-type sheet film and created a relational curve between absorbed dose and film density. I-125 seeds were placed on a film and the approximate absorbed dose of I-125 was calculated from the relational curve of X-rays. A cartridge in which a dead seed was loaded among 10 I-125 seeds was placed on the film and the detectability of the dead seed was evaluated. RESULTS: Using the relational curve of X-rays, it was possible to measure the approximate absorbed dose of I-125 seeds and to easily detect a dead seed at a glance. Using sterilized film, it was possible to detect a dead seed. CONCLUSION: The self-developing film method is feasible for the detection of a dead seed in a cartridge without re-sterilization of seeds.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed2005

Tumor vascularity evaluated by transrectal color Doppler US in predicting therapy outcome for low-lying rectal cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact on T downstaging of the vasculature supplying blood flow to rectal cancer evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Color Doppler images were graded in 29 T3-staged rectal carcinoma patients sonographically just before chemoradiation. Any arterial vessels detected in rectal masses were assigned one of two grades: vascularity was considered as grade 1 for vessels feeding the periphery and as grade 2 for vessels coursing in all rectal masses within its peripheral and central portions. The pulsatility indices (PI = peak systolic velocity - end-diastolic velocity/time-averaged maximum velocity) were calculated in the central and peripheral portions. RESULTS: The pathologic observations showed a change in stage in 15 of the 23 patients graded 2, positive predictive value 65.2% (p = 0.047), and in one of the six rectal cancers graded 1 (negative predictive value, 83.3%). The minimal peripheral PI values in rectal cancer graded 2 were higher in nonresponding (2.2 +/- 1.3) than in responding lesions (1.6 +/- 0.7) p = 0.01. CONCLUSION: Vascularity graded 2 associated with low peripheral PI values are indicators of therapy outcome. Vascularity graded 1 and high peripheral PI values in graded 2 have negative predictive value.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Finger painting: a projective technique.

Finger painting was used in a diversified program with two different groups of patients, primarily as a medium for expression of feeling that facilitated the collection of diagnostic data and the detection of change in mental status. It was found to be an economical method of eliciting data and monitoring change during therapy. In this technique the patient produces his own material and verbally associates to it thus giving a more objective profile of personality and psychopathology. Perusal of the literature revealed no recent studies of the technique and prompted a documentation of this project at the Reddy Memorial Hospital. The technique proved itself a worthwhile method of eliciting data but needs to be scientifically evaluated. Attempts should also be made to assess its ability to discriminate between different diagnostic categories in psychiatry.

Art Therapy↗
PubMed1999

A review of recent research studies on the efficacy of Esogetic Colorpuncture Therapy--A wholistic acu-light system.

This article reviews recent studies conducted in Europe which sought to evaluate the effectiveness of Peter Mandel's Esogetic Colorpuncture Therapy (ECT). These investigations addressed the use of specific ECT therapies for treating a variety of difficult health problems: migraines, childhood insomnia, bronchitis, ADD or learning disorders, and uterine fibroids. Limitations in research design and sample size necessitate that these studies be viewed as pilot or preliminary research. However, in all the studies, the findings showed dramatic improvement of symptoms after ECT treatments. This suggests that ECT may offer fast, economical, non-invasive and non-toxic methods for treating the selected health problems and that ECT continues to show promise as a powerful new method of wholistic healing.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1999

Color Doppler and hormone replacement therapy: the role of thromboxane and plasma viscosity.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the plasma thromboxane and plasma viscosity in relation with Doppler flow parameters in postmenopausal patients treated with hormone replacement therapy. Thirty-two postmenopausal (follicle-stimulating hormone > 40 IU/l and estradiol < 100 pmol/l) women (mean age +/- SD, 54.7 +/- 2.9 years) participated in the study and were submitted to continuous estradiol transdermal supplementation and 12-day courses of medroxyprogesterone acetate every second month. Doppler resistances at the level of the uterine and internal carotid arteries, thromboxane plasma levels and plasma viscosity were analyzed in basal condition and after 1, 3 and 6 months. During hormone supplementation, the pulsatility index significantly decreased at the level of the analyzed arteries. Similarly, plasma thromboxane levels and plasma viscosity were significantly reduced. Significant correlations were found between thromboxane plasma concentrations, plasma viscosity and uterine artery resistances. Thus hormone replacement therapy seems to be responsible for both direct and indirect modifications at the level of the vessel wall physiology.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1998

[Value of color-coded duplex ultrasound in interstitial laser therapy of hemangiomas and vascular malformations].

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of hemangiomas and vascular malformations prior to interstitial laser therapy is principally based on clinical and B-mode ultrasonographic examination. Color-coded duplex ultrasonography provides additional information about the vascularization of these tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefit of this information for the diagnosis and treatment of hemangiomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined 30 patients suffering from hemangiomas of various sizes and locations. A preliminary treatment plan was developed on the basis of B-mode ultrasonographic examination. This preliminary plan was either verified or changed after obtaining color-coded duplex ultrasonographic studies. RESULTS: In comparison to B-mode ultrasonography, color-coded duplex ultrasonography allows clinically relevant classification of hemangiomas on the basis of their vascularization (no flow, palpation-induced flow, predominantly venous flow, predominantly arterial flow). In 53% of the cases, the preliminary therapeutic plan was modified partially or wholly on the basis of this additional information (new diagnosis, change in the planned surgical approach, and favoring other initial diagnostic and therapeutic options over laser therapy). CONCLUSION: Color-coded duplex ultrasonography provides important additional information compared to B-mode ultrasonography and decisively influences hemangioma therapy. This imaging technique should be recommended for routine preoperative application in hemangiomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The descriptive assessment for psychiatric art. A new way of quantifying paintings by psychiatric patients.

This pilot study reports the development of a coding system for quantitative analysis of paintings produced by psychiatric patients. Color, color intensity, quality of line, space covered, and subjectively judged emotional tone as characteristics of paintings were recorded in each section of a grid superimposed over the picture. A sample of 39 psychiatric patients were classified into 4 groups using ICD-10 criteria: depression, psychosis, brain injury, and drug abuse. Six independent raters achieved excellent reliability across all scales on each of eight pictures. Analysis of variance results show that each diagnostic group differed on 4 of 13 variables: yellow, orange, color intensity, and line (p < .02). The prospects for further research are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Modification of cognitive disorders in schizophrenic and schizoaffective psychoses using cognitive therapy in comparison with sociotherapy].

In this study, 24 patients with subacute schizophrenic or schizoaffective psychoses were treated with "Integrated Psychological Therapy for Schizophrenic Patients" (IPT, Roder et al. 1988) and compared with 21 subacute schizophrenic or schizoaffective patients treated with sociotherapy, in respect of cognitive changes. Each therapy was administered at 8 sessions weekly for a period of 6 weeks. Advantages of the cognitively oriented therapy (IPT) appeared significantly greater with regard to interference and short-time memory improvement, and tendentially in respect to overinclusion. Neither type of therapy seems to affect schizophrenic concretism. Cognitive disorders, as reported by the patients themselves, show some remission with both forms of therapy. At 6 and 12 weeks after completion of therapy, differences between the two groups on these measures became insignificant. The findings suggest a quicker reduction of cognitive disorders by IPT in comparison with sociotherapy.

Attention↗