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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

In vitro transformation and molecular characterization of Colobus monkey venereal papillomavirus DNA.

The DNA of a monkey papillomavirus (CgPV-1), originally isolated from a penile lesion on a Colobus monkey was cloned into the EcoRI site of the pUC18 vector and characterized. Using a variety of restriction enzymes a physical map of the DNA was constructed. Cross-hybridization with a variety of animal and human papillomaviruses under high (Tm-22 degrees C) and low (Tm-40 degrees C) stringency conditions indicated various degrees of homology. CgPV-1 showed higher homology with HPVs than it did with any other animal papillomaviruses tested. DNA similarities with the human papillomaviruses HPV-16 and HPV-18 that are frequently associated with cervical cancer, were manifested by extensive cross-hybridization under stringent conditions. Functional alignment of the genomic map of CgPV-1 with that of HPV-16 was carried out by determination of homology between specific restriction fragments of the two viral genomes in cross-hybridization analyses. This alignment was refined by sequencing two regions of approximately 200 bp of the CgPV-1 DNA, and aligning them by computer with their homologous HPV-16 counterparts. CgPV-1 DNA in its pUC18 vector, transformed NIH 3T3 cells with roughly the same efficiency as BPV-1, as determined by the number of transformed foci generated per ug of DNA. The data presented indicate that the state of the CgPV-1 viral DNA in these transformed cells is integrated and partially deleted, not unlike the genomes of HPV-16 and HPV-18 characterized in cell lines derived from cervical cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The Jezierski papers: live polio vaccine development in colobus monkey cells but not chimpanzee cells in the Belgian Congo, 1952-1958.

A reading of ten relevant papers by Alexandre Jezierski provides evidence for the only attempt in Central Africa to develop a live oral polio vaccine (OPV) from growing reference wild polio strains to 210 passages in colobus monkey tissue culture, and experimental administration to about 25 humans. Chimpanzees were used as a human model, but their tissues or kidneys were absent from the passage and production line of the proposed vaccine. Thus, the implication published by Hooper that Jezierski had produced a candidate OPV that might have contained chimpanzee viruses, possibly simian immunodeficiency virus cpz or the precursor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 group M, is incorrect.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Incisor microwear and diet in three species of Colobus.

Examination of incisor microwear in three species of Colobus revealed that the predominantly folivorous C. badius more closely resembles C. satanas, a seed predator/folivore, than C. guereza, another predominantly folivorous species. This demonstrates that species of the same broad dietary category can have very different patterns of incisor microwear, indicative of differences in food procurement behavior and/or the physical properties of dietary items for some portion of the diet. Conversely, species of different categories can have microwear patterns that, superficially at least, are quite similar. The dissimilarity in incisor microwear between C. badius and C. guereza is mirrored to a certain extent in molar microwear, although the differences are not nearly so great on the molars. The differences between C. badius and C. guereza may involve different food items in the major, folivorous portions of their diets, or they may relate to differences in the very minor fruit and bark components. The similar microwear patterns of C. badius and C. satanas demonstrate that incisor microwear by itself is unreliable for assigning fossil species to broad dietary categories. Incisor microwear can be used to infer finer dietary distinctions in fossil species for which dietary category has been determined by other means.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hepatic and gastric amebiasis in black and white colobus monkeys.

Three cases of hepatic amebiasis and one case of gastric amebiasis were diagnosed in black and white colobus monkeys during a 9-month period. The diagnosis was difficult because of the absence of trophozoites and cysts in the feces and because of few trophozoites found in many of the hepatic lesions. Indirect hemagglutination titers were diagnostic in 2 monkeys.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1981

[The karyotypes of Colobus vellersus and of C. palliatus: comparison with Cercopithecidae and man].

The karyotypes of two species of African Colobidae, Colobus vellerosus and C. palliatus, as well that of their hybrid, are described and compared. The two species differ by four pericentric inversions, indicating species divergence a relatively long time ago. Chromosome banding analogies with Papioninae, Cercopithecinae, and man are described. A common origin for Papioninae, Cercopithecinae, and Colobidae is indisputable; but, there are no arguments for considering that a close relationship exists between Colobidae and Hylobatidae as suggested by some authors.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Stomach fermentation in East African Colobus monkeys in their natural state.

The microbial fermentation in the stomachs of two monkeys, Colobus polykomos, collected in Kenya, was studied. The gas accumulated within the stomach contained H(2) but no CH(4). Volatile fatty acid concentrations were high, but accumulated acid prevented determination of the fermentation rate in untreated, incubated stomach contents. Upon addition of bicarbonate, a very rapid rate could be demonstrated. Some D- and L-lactate were in the stomach contents. Starchy seeds or fruits rather than leaves appeared to have been consumed. Microscopically, the most prominent microorganisms seen were large, very refringent cocci, possibly Sarcina ventriculi, and various smaller cocci and rods. The 28 cultured strains of bacteria included 14 Staphylococcus, 2 Streptococcus, 10 Propionibacterium, and 2 Peptostreptococcus. The culture count constituted 10 to 20% of the direct count. No protozoa or cellulolytic bacteria were found.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Recognizing hominoid-modified bones: the taphonomy of colobus bones partially digested by free-ranging chimpanzees in the Kibale Forest, Uganda.

We present a taphonomic study of bones that have passed though the digestive tracts of free-ranging chimpanzees from the Kibale Forest in Uganda. The bone assemblage can be characterized as having a very low species diversity; low number of identifiable specimens (NISP) per scat; bones extremely broken up (very small size range); skeletal part frequencies similar in some ways to those resulting from carnivore partial digestion; and sometimes articulated specimens. Modifications to the bones include corrosion, tiny tooth scores and pits, cracking, and fraying of bone edges. Together, these characteristics suggest that hominoid bone digestion may be recognizable, despite some similarities with leopard-, canid-, and eagle-modified bone. Chimpanzees are well-documented hunters of medium-sized vertebrates such as monkeys. This is significant in the study of human evolution if, as it seems, the last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans was chimpanzee-like. It suggests there was a pre-stone-tool-using hunting phase in human evolution, perhaps by australopiths or the last common ancestor. Taphonomically, pre-stone tool meat eating has been very difficult to detect in the fossil record. However, if chimpanzees leave a recognizable taphonomic signature on the bones of their prey, we will be able to look for analogous signatures in fossil bones associated with fossil hominoids and hominids.

Animals↗