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PubMed2001

[Cecum volvulus--a frequently misdiagnosed disease picture. Results of a retrospective study of 26 patients and review of the literature].

BACKGROUND: Cecal volvulus represents a rare disease which causes acute or chronic intermittent mechanical obstruction. Diagnosis of the acute form of cecal volvulus is often established too late with resulting high morbidity and mortality. This study characterizes the typical clinical symptoms, radiological signs and the frequent concomitant diseases, based on a rather large number of patients. We specifically evaluated possible differences concerning clinical presentation, therapy and postoperative course of patients with vital bowel as opposed to necrotic cecum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 26 consecutive patients hospitalised with cecal volvulus from January 1984 until February 2000 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with vital intestine (n = 14) were compared to those with necrotic cecum (n = 12). RESULTS: 38% of patients underwent previous abdominal surgery, 34% suffered from other acute disease, in 38% cecal volvulus was associated with a neuropsychiatric disorder. 58% of the patients showed symptoms of intestinal obstruction. The clinical pattern of patients with necrotic cecum was not significantly different from those of patients with vital intestine. Diagnosis of cecal volvulus could be established in 77% by plain abdominal X-ray alone or by an additional contrast enema. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the characteristic pattern of history, physical findings, plain abdominal X-ray and the frequently with cecal volvulus associated diseases most often allows to establish diagnosis of cecal volvulus without delay and other diagnostic procedures. Astonishingly we found no major difference between vital and necrotic cecum with regard to clinical presentation and postoperative course.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Nutrient utilization by cells isolated from rat jejunum, cecum and colon.

Cells isolated from the jejunum, cecum and colon of rats were used to study the oxidation of nutrients by quantifying the production of 14CO2 from 5 mmols/L 14C-labeled exogenous substrate. In colonic cells, the decreasing order of oxidation was as follows: butyrate greater than acetate greater than propionate, glucose and glutamine. Acetate and butyrate significantly suppressed oxidation of both glucose and glutamine. In cells taken from the cecum, butyrate was oxidized at a greater rate than all other substrates. Cells taken from the jejunum produced CO2 from exogenous substrates in decreasing order as follows: glutamine greater than glucose much greater than acetate, propionate and butyrate. Butyrate oxidation was significantly reduced in colonic cells by 3-hydroxybutyrate, and it was reduced in cecal cells by glucose. Comparisons among the three gut segments showed no differences in glutamine oxidation. Glucose oxidation was greater in cells taken from the colon than from the cecum or jejunum, which were similar. Butyrate and acetate were oxidized at higher rates in cells taken from the cecum and colon than in cells taken from the jejunum, and propionate was oxidized at a greater rate in cells taken from the colon than from the jejunum. These studies demonstrate that relative rates of substrate oxidation differ along the intestinal tract of rats.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Fermentable fibers or oligosaccharides reduce urinary nitrogen excretion by increasing urea disposal in the rat cecum.

The availability of fermentable carbohydrates could influence the digestive degradation and disposal of blood urea. The effects of a poorly fermented cellulosic oat fiber, a soluble fermentable fiber (gum arabic) or one of two oligosaccharides (fructooligosaccharide or xylooligosaccharide) on nitrogen excretion were compared with a wheat starch-based control diet in male Wistar rats. The fibers and oligosaccharides were added to the semipurified diets at 7.5 g/100 g in place of wheat starch. The diets contained 13 g casein/100 g. Oat fiber did not cause an enlargement of the cecum. In contrast, gum arabic and the oligosaccharides elicited a 35-60% enlargement of the cecal wall and a 2 to 2.6-fold mean increase in the cecal pool of short chain fatty acids. Compared with rats fed the oat fiber-based diet, urea flux from blood to cecum was nearly 50% greater and more than 120% greater in those fed the gum arabic and oligosaccharide diets, respectively. In those groups, net nitrogen retention in the cecum more than doubled (nitrogen retention was calculated as the difference between net urea nitrogen flux into the cecum and ammonia nitrogen reabsorption). As a percentage of total excreted nitrogen, fecal nitrogen was 20% in the oat fiber group and 27-29% in the gum arabic and oligosaccharide groups, compared with only 10% in fiber-free controls. Results indicate that under these dietary conditions, the addition of oligosaccharides to the diet induced a 20 to 30% decrease in blood urea and renal and renal nitrogen excretion relative to the control, indicating a potential for oligosaccharide diet therapy in chronic renal disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Dietary maltitol decreases the incidence of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced cecum and proximal colon tumors in rats.

Maltitol is fermented in the colon due to only partial hydrolysis in the small intestine. In the present study, we examined effects of dietary maltitol on dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal tumor in rats. In experiment 1, rats were fed a fiber-free diet or diets supplemented with 1 or 5 g/100 g maltitol for 27 wk. Each group of rats was injected with dimethylhydrazine or vehicle alone for the first 14 wk of the experimental period. Maltitol supplementation at 1 g/100 g of the diet significantly reduced tumor incidence in the cecum and the 5% supplement reduced tumor incidence in both the cecum and proximal colon in dimethylhydrazine-treated rats. In experiment 2, we investigated the effect of the 1 g/100 g maltitol diet on the short chain fatty acid concentrations in cecal contents of placebo and dimethylhydrazine-treated rats. Intake of the 1 g/100 g maltitol diet doubled (P < 0.05) the concentration of butyrate but did not affect acetate or propionate in the cecal contents. These results suggest that dietary maltitol has a protective effect against dimethylhydrazine-induced tumors in rat cecum and proximal colon and that butyrate produced by bacterial fermentation of maltitol in the cecum may be involved in the protection.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1989

Electrogenic sodium transport in the developing rabbit cecum.

The adult rabbit cecum absorbs Na by an electrogenic, Cl-independent process that is inhibited by the amiloride analogue phenamil. In the colon, this transport system is unique to the cecum. Because the developing colon exhibits many specialized functions, we have now examined the development of electrogenic Na transport in the newborn rabbit. Cecal tissue from animals between 7 and 38 days old was mounted in modified Ussing chambers for measurement of Na and Cl flux (J) and the short-circuit current (Isc). At 7-10 days, the (Isc) was only 0.8 +/- 0.18 microEq cm-2 h-1, but by 35-38 days it had increased to 4.6 +/- 0.79 microEq cm-2 h-1. The Na transport increased in parallel with Isc; JNanet = -0.49 +/- 0.33 microEq cm-2 h-1 at 7-10 and 4.7 +/- 1.6 microEq cm-2 h-1 at 35-38 days. The Na transport was not inhibited by phenamil (10-4 M) at 7-10 days, but by the 35-38-day period, phenamil reduced the JNanet to 1.6 +/- 0.37 microEq cm-2 h-1. The Cl secretion was not stimulated by theophylline in the 14-16-day-old cecum, nor was Na absorption stimulated by epinephrine. The rabbit cecum does not demonstrate electrogenic Na absorption until after the 4th week of life.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of an abrupt diet change from hay to concentrate on microbial numbers and physical environment in the cecum of the pony.

Microbial numbers, pH, fluid volume, and turnover rate in the pony cecum were measured during an abrupt change from an all-forage to an all-concentrate diet, both fed at maintenance energy levels. Concentrate feeding resulted in increased (P less than 0.01) numbers of total viable anaerobic bacteria. The numbers of organisms growing on selective starch medium increased (P less than 0.01) when concentrate was fed, while numbers on xylan and pectin media decreased (P less than 0.025). Seven days after the diet change to concentrate, the number of bacteria growing on lactate medium increased (P less than 0.01), followed by a gradual decline. Cellulolytic bacteria occurred in low numbers, ranging from 1.1 x 10(4) to 4.4 x 10(4) per g of cecal contents. Feeding all concentrate decreased both the number of genera (P less than 0.01) and total protozoan numbers (P less than 0.01) in the cecum. Minimum cecal pH values of 6.4 and 5.8 were obtained when forage and concentrate, respectively, were fed, with the minimum pH occurring 6 h postfeeding. Dry-matter percentage of cecal contents followed a diurnal pattern which was the inverse of the pH curve. During forage feeding, the cecum contained an average of 2.2 liters (1.6 to 3.4 liters), which turned over 3.9 times per day. When concentrate was fed, cecal volume averaged 3.9 liters (0.6 to 8.6 liters), with a mean liquid turnover of 4.2 times per day. Microbial numbers and pH changes in the pony cecum associated with an abrupt change in diet from hay to concentrate resembled those which occur in the rumen under similar feeding conditions.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1988

Giant migrating contractions of the canine cecum.

We investigated cecal motor activity and its coordination with ileal and colonic motor activities in five conscious dogs instrumented with strain-gauge transducers. Both ileum and colon exhibited the usual migrating motor complexes (MMCs) that were independent of each other. Cecum had no motor complexes, but it periodically generated giant migrating contractions (GMCs) that originated at the apex and migrated to the cecum-colonic junction at a velocity of 13 +/- 1.3 cm/min. The amplitude of cecal GMCs was 1.82 +/- 0.26 and 3.37 +/- 0.39 times larger than that of contractions during ileal and colonic motor complexes, respectively (P less than 0.05). The mean duration and period of cecal GMCs were 45 +/- 4 s and 61.4 +/- 14.2 min, respectively, in the fasted state and 49 +/- 6 s and 68.5 +/- 13.5 min in the fed state, respectively (P less than 0.05). A total of 82 cecal GMCs was recorded in 71 h of fasted recording and 94 in 121 h of fed recording. Cecal GMCs were not coordinated with colonic MMCs. Intravenous motilin, but not morphine, initiated a premature cecal GMC. We concluded that cecum has a unique motor activity that is different from that of the colon and the ileum. The strong caudad GMCs of the cecum may periodically empty cecal contents into the colon.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sodium chloride transport of normal and dietary enlarged rat cecum in vitro.

Sodium chloride transport across isolated cecum mucosa was investigated in normal rats and rats with adaptive cecum growth induced by dietary polyethylene glycol (PEG). The normal cecum absorbed Cl in excess of Na with a small short-circuit current (ISC). Dietary adaptation led to large equivalent increments of Na and Cl net absorption without adequate ISC change. Inhibitor studies (mucosal amiloride 10(-3) and 10(-4) M; mucosal 4, 4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid 5 x 10(-5) M; serosal furosemide 10(-3) M; serosal ouabain 10(-3) M) suggested that normal cecal NaCl absorption involves electroneutral Na/H and Cl/HCO3 exchange at the apical and Na-K-ATPase-mediated exit across the basolateral cell membrane. Dietary adaptation stimulates the loosely coupled antiports and possibly activates a small serosally located NaCl cotransport. Comparative histology showed flattening of all tissue layers and widening of crypts in PEG animals. Crypt widening may facilitate ion access to underutilized transport sites and, at least in part, explain the increased absorption of the enlarged cecum.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between fermentations and calcium in the cecum of rats fed digestible or resistant starch.

The present studies were undertaken to investigate the effects of the dietary calcium (Ca) level on the Ca balance and on large intestine physiology in rats fed diets providing carbohydrate as digestible wheat starch (DS) or resistant starch (RS). Resistant starch was a high-amylose maize starch. The Ca level ranged from a marginally sufficient level (3 g/kg) to a level in excess of nutritional requirements (6 g/kg). The cecal fermentations were more developed in rats fed RS diets and they were affected by the dietary Ca level, compared to rats fed the DS diets. In rats fed a low Ca RS diet, the cecal fermentations were more acidic than with a high Ca level and there was an accumulation of lactic acid together with depressed concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. There was a considerable accumulation of Ca and phosphate (Pi) in the cecum of rats fed the 6 g/kg level; on the other hand, the concentrations of minerals (Ca, Pi) were very low in the cecum of rats fed the low Ca RS diet. The proportion of soluble Ca in the cecum was markedly enhanced by active fermentations, especially in rats fed the high Ca RS diet (16.3 mmol/l). In rats fed the RS diet, there was a substantial absorption of Ca from the cecum, which was relatively proportional to the dietary Ca level. The above data suggest that in these rats, Ca absorption in the large intestine made a substantial contribution to the digestive balance, probably at the expense of absorption in the upper part of the intestine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Electrogenic sodium absorption in rabbit cecum in vitro.

Regional variations in the ion transport properties of the colon may have significant physiological and pathophysiological implications. However, only limited studies have been performed in cecum, which comprises 50% of the macrosurface of the rabbit colon. In vitro under short-circuit conditions, cecum actively absorbed Na and Cl (JnetNa = 5.6 +/- 0.3, JnetCl = 1.5 +/- 0.3 mu eq.cm-2.h-1) with a short-circuit current (Isc) of 6.29 +/- 0.2 mu eq.cm-2.h-1.Cl substitution with sulfate decreased both JnetNa and Isc by 1.3 mu eq/cm2.h-1.HCO3 removal decreased both JnetNa and Isc 3.3 mu eq.cm-2.h-1. This effect was due primarily to removal of serosal HCO3. There was both a linear correlation between JNanet and Isc (r = 0.845) and a concentration-dependent stimulation of Isc by increasing [Na] in the bathing media. However, 10(-4) M amiloride did not significantly alter either Isc or JnetNa. In contrast, 10(-4) M phenamil, an amiloride analogue highly specific for the Na channel, significantly blocked both Isc and JnetNa. The sulfhydryl reagent PCMBS increased Isc; this response was reversed by phenamil. Electrogenic Cl secretion was stimulated by 1 mM theophylline, 10(-4) M 8BrcAMP and 10(-4) M 8BrcGMP. None of the secretagogues inhibited JnetNa. Epinephrine (5.5 microM) increased JnetNa from 5.9 +/- 1.3 to 7.8 +/- 1.1 (P = 0.02) and JnetCl from 0.1 +/- 1.2 to 2.0 +/- 0.8 (P NS) mu eq.cm-2.h-1. Studies of pH stat demonstrated an epinephrine-stimulated increase in Jm-sHCO3 without a change in Js-mHCO3. Thus, cecum exhibits a distinct type of electrogenic Na electrogenic Na absorption which is partially dependent on the presence of Cl and HCO3, not blocked by amiloride but by phenamil. Because of its large surface area and its novel mechanism of electrogenic Na transport, the cecum exerts an important regulatory role in colonic fluid and electrolyte balance.

8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed2000

Prokinetic effects of erythromycin on the ileum, cecum, and pelvic flexure of horses during the postoperative period.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of erythromycin on motility of the ileum, cecum, and pelvic flexure of horses during the postoperative and post-recovery periods. ANIMALS: 8 healthy adult horses. PROCEDURE: Horses were anesthetized and bipolar electrodes were implanted in smooth muscle of the ileum, cecum, and pelvic flexure. Approximately 4, 16, and 24 hours (postoperative recording sessions) and at least 8 days (post-recovery recording session) after surgery, myoelectric activity was recorded before and after administration of erythromycin (0.5 mg/kg). RESULTS: Following erythromycin administration, myoelectric activity was increased in the ileum during all postoperative recording sessions but not during the post-recovery recording session. Myoelectric activity was increased in the cecum following erythromycin administration only during the post-recovery recording session. Myoelectric activity was increased in the pelvic flexure following erythromycin administration during all recording sessions. During several recording sessions, there were short periods during which myoelectric activity was significantly decreased following erythromycin administration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that erythromycin has an effect on myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, and pelvic flexure in horses; however, prokinetic effects of erythromycin administered during the postoperative period were not always the same as effects obtained when the drug was administered after horses had recovered from the effects of surgical implantation of recording devices. Therefore, caution must be exercised when extrapolating results of prokinetic studies in healthy animals to animals with abnormal gastrointestinal tract motility.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effect of sodium butyric acid, sodium valerianic acid, and osmolarity on contractility of specimens of intestinal wall obtained from the cecum and spiral colon of healthy cows.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of various concentrations of sodium butyric acid and sodium valerianic acid, as well as various osmolarities, on contractility of ex-vivo intestinal wall specimens obtained from the cecum and spiral colon of each of several healthy cows. SAMPLE POPULATION: Full-thickness preparations of intestinal wall, dissected parallel to the longitudinal smooth muscle layers, harvested from freshly slaughtered healthy cows. PROCEDURE: Specimens of intestinal wall were incubated for 5 minutes with various concentrations of sodium butyric acid and sodium valerianic acid as well as various osmolar concentrations of NaCl, using a crossover design. Isometric contractions were induced 7 times with carbachol (CH; 5 X 10(-6) mol/L). Contractility was defined as the maximum amplitude of contraction and the amplitude of contraction 2 minutes after addition of CH. RESULTS: Repeated addition of CH did not result in a significant effect on contractility of specimens from the cecum and spiral colon. Contractility after addition of CH was not significantly affected by prior incubation with various concentrations of sodium butyric acid or sodium valerianic acid or after an increase of osmolarity. Maximum amplitude of contraction was significantly higher in specimens from the spiral colon, compared with specimens from the cecum. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in concentrations of sodium butyric acid or sodium valerianic acid and increases in osmolarity did not inhibit contractility of intestinal wall specimens from the cecum and spiral colon of a group of healthy cows.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effects of dietary calcium:phosphorus ratios on apparent absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine, cecum, and colon of pigs.

Thirty-two crossbred barrows were used to investigate the effects of dietary Ca:total P (tP) ratios in phytase-supplemented diets on the apparent absorption of P and Ca in the small intestine, cecum, and colon. Three Ca:tP ratio treatments (1.5:1, 1.3:1, or 1.0:1) were created by adjusting the amount of ground limestone added to the basal low-P grower (.39% tP including .07% added inorganic P) and finisher (.32% tP without added inorganic P) diets. All low-P ratio diets were supplemented with Natuphos phytase at 500 units/kg. A positive control diet without phytase supplementation contained adequate P and Ca to meet dietary requirements. At 123 kg, the pigs were slaughtered and the contents of ileum, cecum, and colon were collected. Lowering the dietary Ca:tP ratio in the diets containing phytase linearly increased (P < .01) the apparent absorption (% and g/d) of P in the small intestine, but Ca absorption was not affected. Pigs fed the low-P diet with a Ca:tP ratio of 1.0:1 had an apparent absorption (g/d) of P or Ca similar to that of pigs fed the control diet, which was adequate in Ca and P. Averaged across all diets, the apparent absorption of P was highest when measured at the cecum, and the apparent absorption of Ca was highest when measured at the colon. In conclusion, lowering the dietary Ca:tP ratio to 1.0:1 in a low-P diet containing phytase increased the apparent absorption of P in the small intestine. Furthermore, a significant amount of P was absorbed in the cecum.

6-Phytase↗
PubMed1989

Production of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and cecum-colon of steers as affected by forage:concentrate and forage physical form.

Contribution of cecal and ruminal VFA to metabolizable energy was investigated in steers with cannulas in both the rumen and cecum. Animals were fed ad libitum so that data would be applicable to the lactating dairy cow. Diets assigned within a 4 x 4 Latin square were: 20% long alfalfa hay and 80% concentrate; 15% pelleted alfalfa, 5% hay and 80% concentrate; 80% hay and 20% concentrate; 60% pellets, 20% hay and 20% concentrate. Intake of DM was unaffected by diet. Cecal fluid pH, osmolality, and concentrations of valerate and isovalerate were unaffected by diet. Concentrations of total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, and lactate in the cecum increased with proportion of grain in the diet. The high grain diets depressed cecal ammonia concentration and acetate to propionate ratio. Acetate production in the cecum was higher with the high grain diets whereas that in the rumen was lower. Production of propionate and butyrate in both the cecum and rumen was unaffected by diet. Cecal VFA provided 8.6% of metabolizable energy intake, on average. Contribution of ruminal VFA to total metabolizable energy was affected by diet, accounting for 72, 51, 74, and 52% of metabolizable energy from the 20% hay, 20% pelleted alfalfa, 80% hay, and 80% pelleted alfalfa, respectively. Cecal VFA were an important source of energy for ad libitum-fed steers; this contribution would undoubtedly increase with increasing feed intake.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1984

Hypertrophic effect of unavailable carbohydrate on cecum and colon in rats.

The effects of unavailable carbohydrate on the cecum and colon were investigated in rats raised on diets containing 20% of glucomannan or cellulose for 8 weeks. Glucomannan ingestion caused the increase of cecum and colon weights, and the effect was greater in the cecum than in the colon. However, on ingestion of cellulose, a remarkable increase in tissue weight was observed in the colon rather than in the cecum. Measurement of DNA, RNA and protein in cecal and colonic mucosa demonstrated that the cecal enlargement caused by glucomannan was dependent on the increases in both number and size of mucosal cells, and that the cecal and colonic enlargements caused by cellulose and the colonic enlargement caused by glucomannan resulted from an increase in the number of mucosal cells; i.e., hyperplasia. (Na + K)ATPase activity of the cecal and colonic mucosa in the cellulose and glucomannan groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. Thus, (Na + K)ATPase activity was increased proportionally to the intensity of the process of tissue enlargement.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Intraepithelial enteroendocrine cells in cecum and appendix from ovoalbumin sensitized rabbits].

Intraepithelial enteroendocrine cells (IEC) produce peptides which influence motility, secretion and absorption of nutrients. Recently the role of these cells in the immune mucosal system is under study. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the modifications in number of IEC in cecum and appendix from Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized rabbits. Twenty adult New Zealand rabbits were separated in two groups: Group 1 (G1 = 10) not sensitized normal control. Group 2 (G2 = 10) were sensitized twice intraperitoneally with 70 mg OVA and 30 mg ALUM/ml (aluminium hydroxide). Anti OVA specific IgE was evaluated by means of PCA test (passive cutaneous anaphylaxis). Samples form cecum and appendix were fixed in buffered formaldehyde 10%, paraffin embedded and stained with anti-Chromogranin A for neuroendocrine cells. 400 high power fields were counted in each animal, referred as IEC/100 enterocytes. In cecum surface epithelium and crypt were considered. Surface epithelium, deep crypts and superficial crypts were evaluated in appendix. Results showed in cecum in G1:1,6 IEC/100 enterocytes in surface epithelium and 3/100 in crypts; G2 6 IEC/100 in surface epithelium and 12/100 in crypts. The difference between G1 and G2 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In appendix surface epithelium from G1 showed 5.2/100 while G2 5.4/100. Superficial crypts 8.5 (G1) and 11.3 (G2) (p < 0.05) and deep crypts 4.9 (G1) and 8.5 (G2) (p < 0.01). The results showed that OVA-sensitized animals presented increment in the number of IEC in surface epithelium and crypts which may indicate a relationship between these cells and rabbit mucosal immune system.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Prenatal sonographic findings of congenital duplication of the cecum.

BACKGROUND: Alimentary tract duplications are rare congenital lesions that may arise at any location throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The most common site of enteric duplications is the ileum, with only 13% of cases occurring in the colon. CASE: Prenatal sonography at 39 weeks' gestation showed a cystic structure with thick walls exhibiting clear peristaltic movements in the right lower fetal abdomen. Inner walls of the cystic structure had small folds suggestive of colonic haustra. The sonographic findings and location of the finding were consistent with duplication of the colon and, possibly, the cecum. Congenital duplication of the cecum was proven at neonatal laparotomy. Ileocecal resection with ileocolonic anatomosis was performed and congenital duplication of the cecum confirmed by pathology examination of the resected specimen. CONCLUSION: Unusual sites of alimentary tract duplications detected by prenatal ultrasound include the cecum.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon in female ponies.

The myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon (RVC) was studied in 4 female ponies. Eight, bipolar Ag-AgCl electrodes were sequentially placed on the seromuscular layer of the cecum (6 electrodes) and RVC (2 electrodes), and recordings were begun 14 days after surgery. The myoelectric activity for each pony was recorded during 12, 60-minute recording sessions done during the interdigestive period (3 to 7 hours after the morning feeding). Coordinated series of spike bursts were recognized as independent motility patterns in the cecum and in the RVC. Local haustra-haustra myoelectric activity involving approximately 40 cm of the cecal body (0.45 +/- 0.03 spike bursts/min) were detected. A series of spike bursts started at the cecal apex and progressed to, but stopped at, the caudal cecal base (0.40 +/- 0.03 spike bursts/min). Infrequently, a series of spike bursts started at the apex and progressed to the cranial cecal base (0.09 +/- 0.01 spike bursts/min). More commonly, a series of spike bursts with a conduction velocity of 3.8 +/- 0.07 cm/s, began in the cranial base and progressed orally to the cecal apex (0.46 +/- 0.03 spike bursts/min). Spike bursts conducted aborally (propulsion) beginning at the origin of the RVC (0.05 +/- 0.007 spike bursts/min) and spike bursts conducted orally (retropulsion; 0.15 +/- 0.02 spike bursts/min) were seen independent of cecal myoelectric activity. A progressive series of coordinated spike bursts, which began at the cecal apex, were conducted through the cecolic orifice and continued into the RVC (0.42 +/- 0.02 spike bursts/min), representing the only pattern common to the cecum and RVC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗