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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Functional condition of the spine in female workers in the cotton-processing industry evaluated on the basis of subjective and radiological studies].

Studies involved 179 weaving and 173 spinning women. All of them underwent functional tests of the spine supported by X-ray tests. In approximately 45% of weavers and 29% of spinners functional disturbances in the lower segment of the spine were found. The incidence of the motorial disturbances of the spine was found to increase with age. The analysis of the impact of employment length upon the rate of motorial disturbances demonstrated that the disturbances occurred within the first years of work and reached the highest level after 10 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Evaluation of work environment in the flax textile industry. V. Air microflora in the flax spinning and flax weaving rooms].

Microbiological air pollution in spinning and weaving rooms was determined by aspiration impinger using an aeroscop (Chirana, Czechoslovakia). The air samples were taken on Petri dishes with Bacto-broth-agar (Difco) or Bacto-blood-agar (Difco). After incubation at 37 degrees C for 24 h the number of bacterial or mould colonies and bacterial cells per 1 m3 of the air was calculated. The number of bacterial cells in flax spinning rooms ranged from 10.5 X 10(3) to 12,5 X 10(4), while in flax weaving rooms--from 2,4 X 10(3) to 10(4) per 1 m3 of air. In the examined samples of the air the bacterial pollution was found to dominate (45,1--95%). Gram-positive sporing bacteria were most frequently recognized. In the air of weaving rooms some moulds: Mucor sp., Circinella sp., Hormodendrum sp., Vetricillum sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillum sp. were also found (16.8--54%). It was observed that the microbiological air pollution in spinning and weaving rooms of flax industry was greater than in cotton industry. A wet technology of flax spinning promotes microbiological pollution in the air of this kind of workposts. A high level of mould cells in the air at workposts enhances the risk of workers' exposure to mycotoxins.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1979

[Usefulness of questionnaires in detection of early symptoms of sciatica and related pain syndromes of the lumbosacral region and determination of their incidence among workers of textile industry].

The study was aimed at the determination of sciatica case rate among cotton industry workers based on inquiry. Two questionnaires for detecting complaints typical of sciatica were developed. 2463 weavers and 3083 spinners were examined. A comparative group involved 978 shop attendants and 593 office workers. It was found out that pains characteristic of sciatica were experienced by 45% weavers, 43% shop attendants, 29.2% spinners, and 16% office workers. Results of physical examinations in randomly selected cases corresponded in 97% with the questionnaire data. In most cases pains resulted from overloading of the lower section of the vertebral column.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1988

Recent trends in the prevalence of byssinotic symptoms in the Lancashire textile industry.

A respiratory symptoms questionnaire was completed for 4656 volunteers employed in 31 textile factories engaged in spinning or weaving manmade fibre or cotton of various qualities. Sets of airborne dust and bacteria samples were collected in workzones and personal breathing zones in the workrooms where the volunteers were employed. A total of 182 people indicated experiencing byssinotic symptoms, mainly in opening and carding rooms or in spinning and winding rooms where medium to coarse cotton was being processed. This represents a significant decline in the prevalence of byssinotic symptoms over the years, due possibly to lower concentrations of airborne contaminants, especially of bacteria, as cleaner raw materials are being used. According to a multiple, logistic regression model, the prevalence of byssinotic symptoms was found to be statistically significantly related to years worked in the cotton industry, exposure to dust, quality of cotton used, workroom of employment, ethnic origin, and smoking habits. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis were found to be significantly related to smoking habit and to factors connected with occupation, such as exposure to dust, workroom, and the quality of fibre processed.

Byssinosis↗
PubMed2005

Airway responses to the inhalation of cotton dust and cotton bract extracts.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to dust in the cotton industry is associated with respiratory dysfunction. Healthy subjects challenged with cotton bract extract (CBE) develop transient airway hyperresponsiveness. CBE, a major component of cotton dust, is potentially an important agent for studying byssinosis. OBJECTIVES: To compare airway responses to cotton dust extract (CDE) and CBE in healthy subjects. METHODS: In 21 healthy, non-smoking subjects we compared the effects of CBE and CDE in a double-blind random order, following a 10-min aerosol inhalation. The response to methacholine (MCh) 2 h following CBE or CDE was measured. Lung function was recorded using maximal (MEFV) and partial expiratory flow volume (PEFV) curves, measuring MEF at 60% of baseline vital capacity below total lung capacity [MEF40%(P)] on the PEFV curve. Responders were subjects who developed a 20% or greater fall in MEF40%(P) following extract challenge. Endotoxin levels were low for CBE (5.71 EU/mg) and CDE (31.88 EU/mg). RESULTS: There were 18 responders to CBE and 17 responders to CDE. The average maximal falls in MEF40%(P) were 70 +/- 4.9 and 70 +/- 4.4% of baseline (nonsignificant) following CBE and CDE, respectively. All subjects enhanced their MCh response following CBE or CDE. The MCh dose which reduced MEF40%(P) by 40% was identical for CBE and CDE (1.3 microg/ml). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CBE and CDE exert similar physiologic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Role of exercise therapy in the prevention of lumbosacral backache in textile industry workers].

Direct and remote effects of therapeutic exercises on the low-back pain syndrome in cotton-industry workers have been estimated. The treatment was applied to fifty-five patients aged from 30 to 58 (mean age--45) with chronic pain-syndrome, who were submitted to a series of exercises and everyday gymnastics. In the course of treatment the following results were obtained: retreatment of low-back pains, increasing of spines mobility (activity), increasing of abdomen-muscle strength. One-year follow-up demonstrated sickness absenteeism decrease by 66%, as compared to a period of the same duration prior to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Child labor and the division of labor in the early English cotton mills.

"The share of children employed in English cotton factories fell significantly before the introduction of effective child labor legislation in the early 1830s. The early factories employed predominantly children because adults without factory experience were relatively unproductive factory workers. The subsequent growth of the cotton industry fostered the development of a labor market for productive adult factory workers. This effect helps account for the shift toward adults in the cotton factory workforce."

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Identification of Pythium carolinianum causing 'root rot' of cotton in Egypt and its possible biological control by Pseudomonas fluorescens.

A severe root rot disease of cotton caused by Pythium carolinianum was diagnosed in a cotton field in Beni-Musa village, 20 km southwest of El-Minia city, Egypt, during the summer of 1996. This was the first reported isolation of this fungus in Egypt. In the light of the importance of the cotton industry in Egypt, research was initiated to develop a biocontrol agent against Pythium carolinianum. In vitro agar plate technique identified a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain that was highly antagonist to Pythium carolinianum. Subsequent plant growth experiments establish that substantial disease control could be obtained by applying Pseudomonas fluorescens to the soil. Optimal control was obtained by mixing the bacteria with the soil rather than by dipping the cotton roots in the bacterial suspension immediately before planting. Disease was more severe in autoclaved soil than in nonsterile soil.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Potential for escape of live boll weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) into cottonseed, motes, and cleaned lint at the cotton gin.

Reintroductions of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, into areas of the United States where it has been eradicated or suppressed are very expensive to mitigate. There is concern that a cotton gin in an eradication zone may serve as a site of boll weevil reintroductions when processing cotton harvested in a neighboring infested zone. Similarly, there is a question whether weevil-free areas can safely import gin products, such as cottonseed and baled lint, from infested areas without risking an introduction. Many countries require fumigation of imported U.S. cotton bales to protect against boll weevil introductions, costing the U.S. cotton industry millions of dollars annually. In previously reported experiments, we quantified the potential for boll weevils to survive passage through precleaning machinery in the gin. In this study, we quantified survival potential of boll weevils passing through the gin stand and segregating into the cottonseed, mote, or lint fractions. We also examined boll weevil survival when passed with ginned lint through a lint cleaner. We present a flow chart of experimentally determined survival potentials of boll weevils passing through the various subprocesses of the gin, from which one can calculate the risk of a live boll weevil reaching any point in the process. Our data show that there is virtually no chance of a boll weevil being segregated alive into the cottonseed or of one surviving in the lint to approach the bale press. Therefore, quarantine or fumigation of cottonseed and cotton bales to guard against boll weevil introductions is unnecessary.

Agriculture↗