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Results for “CHLOROGENIC ACID”

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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Chlorogenic acid as a natural scavenger for hypochlorous acid.

The effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on the killing of Escherichia coli by hypochlorous acid (HOCI) was examined. CGA prevented E. coli from bactericidal action of HOCI in a concentration-dependent manner. HOCI reacted rapidly with CGA. By comparison with the one- and two-electron oxidation products produced by peroxidase and phenolase reactions, respectively, the main product was identified as o-quinone of CGA via the formation of o-semiquinone of CGA as an intermediate The quinone form of CGA reacted further with HOCI to yield unstable product(s).

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed2003

Effect of chlorogenic acid on hydroxyl radical.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is considered to act as an antioxidant. However, the inhibitory effects of CGA on specific radical species are not well understood. Electron spin resonance (ESR) in combination with spin trapping techniques was utilized to detect free radicals. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) was used as a spin trapping reagent while the Fenton reaction was used as a source of hydroxyl radical (*OH). We found that CGA scavenges *OH in a dose-dependent manner. The kinetic parameters, IC50 and Vmax, for CGA scavenging of *OH were 110 and 1.27 microM/sec, respectively. The rate constant for the scavenging of *OH by CGA was 7.73 x 10(9) M(-1) sec(-1). Our studies suggest that the antioxidant properties of CGA may involve a direct scavenging effect of CGA on *OH.

Chlorogenic Acid↗
PubMed2001

[Analysis of chlorogenic acid in sunflower cake by thin-layer chromatography].

The analytical method of chlorogenic acid in sunflower cake by thin-layer chromatography(TLC) was developed. With 36% acetic acid as mobile phase and on the polyamide film plate, the Rf value of chlorogenic acid was 0.61. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.05 microgram-0.6 microgram of chlorogenic acid with the detection limit of 0.025 microgram and the average recovery of 97.53%. The inter-plate accuracy of chlorogenic acid was 2.57%. With 70% ethyl alcohol as extracting solvent and 30 min of extraction time, the amount of chlorogenic acid in the extract, the residue amount of chlorogenic acid in the sunflower cake and the extraction rate were determined and calculated by applying this method. The optimal time of extraction was found.

Calibration↗
PubMed2000

Absorption of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in rats after oral administration.

Absorption of orally administered chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid) and caffeic acid in rats was studied to obtain plasma pharmacokinetic profiles of their metabolites. Rats were administered 700 micromol/kg body weight of chlorogenic or caffeic acid, and blood was collected from the tail for 6 h after administration. Ingested caffeic acid was absorbed from the alimentary tract and was present in the rat blood circulation in the form of various metabolites. On the other hand, only traces of metabolites, supposedly caffeic and ferulic acids conjugates, were detected in rat plasma for 6 h after chlorogenic acid administration. Chlorogenic acid and small amounts of caffeic acid were found in the small intestine for 6 h after chlorogenic acid administration. These results suggest that chlorogenic acid is not well absorbed from the digestive tract, unlike caffeic acid, and subject to almost no structural changes to the easily absorbed forms.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rats.

The protective effects of chlorogenic acid on paraquat-induced oxidative stress were examined in rats. The activities of erythrocytes and liver glutathione peroxidase, and of both liver catalase and glutathione reductase, which were increased by feeding paraquat, declined to the levels in the control rats by supplementing chlorogenic acid to the paraquat diet. The activity of superoxide dismutase was not changed by dietary paraquat or by supplementing chlorogenic acid to the paraquat diet. Paraquat in the diet markedly decreased the liver triacylglycerol and phospholipid concentrations, as well as the food intake and body weight gain, while chlorogenic acid protected against these decreases. These in vivo results and the in vitro superoxide anion scavenging activity of chlorogenic acid suggest that chlorogenic acid acted preventively against paraquat-induced oxidative stress.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Separation and purification of chlorogenic acid by molecularly imprinted polymer monolithic stationary phase.

Separation and purification of chlorogenic acid by removal of the impurities compounds co-existed in the product using molecular imprinting technique was firstly reported. In this work, an in situ synthesis method was utilized for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer monolithic stationary phase using the impurity molecule (caffeic acid) as template, the mixture of tetrahydrofuran and isooctane as solvent, and methacrylic acid and ethyl glycol dimethacrylate as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. The retention behavior of the monolithic polymer to chlorogenic acid molecule, the template and several main impurities compounds in the product was studied and the adsorption capacity of compounds on the stationary phase determined by frontal chromatographic technique. A relatively weak retention of the target product molecule (chlorogenic acid) on the polymer and a strong adsorption capability of the monolith to the template and several main impurities were observed. This might mainly result from the 'shape' difference of chlorogenic acid molecule with the impurities compounds molecules. This approach was shown to be successful for the separation and purification of chlorogenic acid from the extract of Eucommia ulmodies leaves.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2001

Isolation and characterization of human colonic bacteria able to hydrolyse chlorogenic acid.

AIMS: Conjugated hydroxycinnamates, such as chlorogenic acid (caffeoyl-quinic acid), are widely consumed in a Western diet, coffee being one of the richest sources. Ingested hydroxycinnamate esters can reach the large intestine essentially unaltered, and may then be hydrolysed by esterases produced by the indigenous microflora. This study is aimed at identifying bacterial species responsible for the release of natural antioxidants, such as hydroxycinnamic acids, in the human large intestine. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-five isolates recovered after anaerobic batch culture incubation of human faecal bacteria in a chlorogenic acid-based medium were screened for cinnamoyl esterase activity. Six isolates released the hydroxycinnamate, ferulic acid, from its ethyl ester in a plate-screening assay, and these were identified through genotypic characterization (16S rRNA sequencing) as Escherichia coli (three isolates), Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus gasseri (two strains). Chlorogenic acid hydrolysing activities were essentially intracellular. These cinnamoyl esterase-producing organisms were devoid of other phenolic-degrading activities. CONCLUSION: The results show that certain gut bacteria, including some already recognized as potentially health-promoting (i.e. species belonging to the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus), are involved in the release of bioactive hydroxycinnamic acids in the human colon. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Free hydroxycinnamates, including caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric acids, exhibit antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties both in vitro and in animal models. Given that the gut flora has a major role in human nutrition and health, some of the beneficial effects of phenolic acids may be ascribed to the microflora involved in metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Natural antioxidant, chlorogenic acid, protects against DNA breakage caused by monochloramine.

Chlorogenic acid prevented a stepwise conversion of plasmid pUC18 DNA, from I-->form II-->form III, induced by 3 mM monochloramine with a half inhibition of 67.4 microM. Chlorogenic acid reacted with monochloramine in a time-dependent manner, and the reaction rate increased with decreasing pH. These results suggest that chlorogenic acid prevents genotoxicity of monochloramine in gastric mucosa.

Ammonium Chloride↗
PubMed2000

Determination of chlorogenic acid in rat blood by microdialysis coupled with microbore liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetic studies.

To investigate the pharmacokinetics of unbound chlorogenic acid, a sensitive microbore liquid chromatographic method for the determination of chlorogenic acid in rat blood by microdialysis has been developed. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the jugular vein of male Sprague-Dawley rats, to which chlorogenic acid (20, 40, 60 or 80 mg/kg, i.v.) had been administered. On-line microdialysate was directly injected into a microbore column using a methanol-100 mM sodium dihydrogenphosphate (30:70, v/v, pH 2.5 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) as the mobile phase and ultraviolet detection at 325 nm. The method is rapid, easily reproduced, selective and sensitive. The limit of detection for chlorogenic acid was 0.01 microg/ml and the limit of quantification was 0.05 microg/ml. The in vivo recovery of the chlorogenic acid of the microdialysis probe, based on a 5 microg/ml standard, was approximately 49-65% (n=6). The disposition of chlorogenic acid at each dose was best fitted to a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The area under the concentration curve increased greater than in direct proportion with the dose and terminal disposition become much slower as the dose was increased. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetics of unbound chlorogenic acid in rat blood is non-linear.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Correlation between Chlorophyll and Chlorogenic Acid Content in Tobacco Leaves.

A positive correlation (r = 0.75, P < 0.01) was obtained between chlorophyll and chlorogenic acid content in the seedling leaves of burley and dark tobaccos. The dark tobaccos contained significantly higher concentrations of both constituents than the burleys. Such a correlation also occurred in a cytoplasmic mutant of chlorophyll-variegated tobacco when the green and yellow laminae were compared. In addition, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and polyphenol-oxidase was higher in the green lamina than in the yellow tissue, which coincided with quantitative distribution of chlorogenic acid. Chlorophyll deficiency induced by streptomycin in tobacco seedlings resulted in a progressive decrease in chlorogenic acid content. However, an interruption of streptomycin treatment provoked accumulation of the two compounds. Dark-grown seedlings showed an increase in the content of chlorophyll and chlorogenic acid upon illumination. Incorporation of l-phenylalanine-U-(14)C into chlorogenic acid during leaf greening was drastically reduced owing to the presence of phenylpyruvate; the latter compound is a possible by-product of chlorophyll biosynthesis. This phenomenon was also evident with light-grown leaves. Results suggest that in addition to phenylalanine ammonia-lyase as a key enzyme regulating chlorogenic acid biosynthesis, an alternative pathway involving the conversion of phenylpyruvate to cinnamate may be functional in tobacco leaves. This pathway may bear importance as to higher chlorogenic acid content in dark tobaccos than in burleys.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Polarographic study of quinones formed during oxidation of caffeic and chlorogenic acids].

Polarographic behaviour of a number of substituted ortho-benzenquinones was studied in weakly acidic, neutral and weakly caustic solutions (up to pH --9.0). Half-wave potential depends on the solution pH, indicating protonization of the carbonyl groups of the quinones. Protonization is probably stipulated by the hydroxonium ions. Protonization may take place not only under the action of water, but also under the effect of other acidic components, as indicated by the dependence of E1/2 on the undissociated acetic acid centrifugation. The condensation and polymerization reactions are characteristic for the ortho-quinones. A shift of the quinone potential indicates dimerization of the electrode products.

Caffeic Acids↗