SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Body Remains”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Demonstration of lipofuscin and Nissl bodies in crystal violet stained sections using a fluorescence technique or pyronin Y stain.

This paper presents two simple, reliable methods for identification of lipofuscin and Nissl bodies in the same section. One method shows that lipofuscin stained with crystal violet retains its ability to fluoresce and can be observed under the fluorescence microscope after the stain has faded. Fading is accompanied by a gradual increase in the intensity of the fluorescence and is complete in about 5 min. Exciting illumination from this part of the spectrum also substantially fades staining of other autofluorescing tissue elements, such as lipids. Nonfluorescing structures, such as Nissl bodies, remain stained. By changing from transillumination with tungsten light to epifluorescent illumination and vice versa, both types of structures--Nissl bodies and lipofuscin--can be identified in the same section. The second technique uses pyronin Y for staining Nissl bodies in preparations previously stained with crystal violet. Nissl bodies are stained pink but lipofuscin remains violet. Lipofuscin in these sections also remains autofluorescent after the crystal violet stain has faded under violet or near-UV light.

Brain↗

PubMed2001

Egg maturation and parthenogenetic recovery of diploidy in the scorpion Liocheles australasiae (Fabricius) (Scorpions, ischnuridae).

In the scorpion Liocheles australasiae, egg maturation and parthenogenetic recoveries of chromosome number and nuclear DNA content were examined by histological, karyological observations and quantitative measurements of DNA. The primary oocyte becomes mature through two successive maturation divisions. The first maturation division takes place in the primary oocyte to produce a secondary oocyte and a first polar body. The second maturation division soon occurs in the secondary oocyte, in which the nucleus is divided into a mature egg nucleus and a second polar body nucleus, not followed by cytoplasmic fission. The first polar body, in one case, was successively divided into two second polar bodies; in the other case it was not divided. In either case, these polar bodies remained attached to the early embryo. The fate of these polar bodies during further embryogenesis were studied. In the karyological analysis, the chromosome number was divided into two groups, one from 27-32, the other was 54-64. The former was presumably the metaphase chromosome number at the meiotic division; the latter was presumably the metaphase chromosome number at the mitotic division. DNA content in the diploid nucleus of the primary oocyte, doubled before the maturation divisions, was reduced through the maturation divisions by one-half in the nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the first polar body and by one-fourth in the nuclei of the egg and the second polar bodies. The first reduction of DNA content corresponded to halving the number of the chromosomes in the first maturation division and the second to the nuclear division in the secondary oocyte. These reductions represent a common process of egg maturation, except the final production of the mature egg with two haploid nuclei, an egg nucleus, and a second polar body nucleus. These two nuclei, which were formed apart in the mature egg, drew near to fuse into a zygote nucleus. The chromosome number and nuclear DNA content were doubled in the zygote and each blastomere in embryos, supporting the hypothesis that the egg nucleus fuses with the second polar body nucleus and this conjugation initiates subsequent embryonic development.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Evaluation of the correlation between time corpses spent in in-ground graves and findings at exhumation.

To determine how long pathological findings persist after burial and which factors play a role in decomposition of a corpse, we evaluated all bodies exhumed under the auspices of the Institute of Legal Medicine at the Hannover Medical School between 1978 and 1997. A total of 87 exhumations (54 men, 33 women) were performed in this period. The time bodies remained buried varied between 5 days and 16.8 years (mean 1.5 years, median 2.3 months). Fifty-six percent of the bodies were exhumed after at most 3 months, 10% remained buried for greater than 3 years. Pathomorphological changes of the soft tissues and the internal organs remained evident after several months, in some cases after several years of burial. Overall, it was possible to evaluate internal organs after 5 years of burial. Bodies became mostly decomposed after approximately 8 years at the earliest, although it was still possible to evaluate some soft tissue remnants after 16.8 years. In stepwise logistic regression, both the length of time the body was buried (p < 0.00005) and the time of year (p < 0.0019) clearly affected the rate of physical change. The variables of sex (p = 0.33), age (p = 0.61) and changes in the integrity of the body before burial (trauma, autopsy before burial; p = 0.15) did not influence the physical state of the body after exhumation. Our data show that much information may be gained from an exhumation even after significant time has passed since burial.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Development of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 immunoreactivity in the lower auditory brainstem of the postnatal gerbil.

The localization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in the gerbil auditory brainstem was studied during normal postnatal development. The principal objective of this paper was to compare the developmental distribution of BDNF and NT-3 proteins to the known developmental distribution of their cognate, high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptors. BDNF and NT-3 proteins were localized using standard immunohistochemistry. No specific immunoreactivity for BDNF or NT-3 was detected on the day of birth (P0) in any auditory structure, although fibers comprising the spinal tract of the Vth cranial nerve were well labelled with antibodies against BDNF. Diffuse immunoreactivity for both BDNF and NT-3 was first detected at P3 in the cochlear nucleus and in several second order auditory nuclei in the superior olivary complex. This diffuse immunoreactivity became clustered and restricted to neuronal cell bodies by P10. Immunoreactivity for both BDNF and NT-3 transiently disappeared in the lateral and medial superior olivary nuclei at P10. However, neurons in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body remained immunopositive for both BDNF and NT-3. Fibers in the trapezoid body were labelled with BDNF immunoreactivity by P12. Between P12 and P15, the distribution of BDNF and NT-3 immunoreactivity in the cochlear nucleus and superior olivary complex became comparable to adult (P140) immunolabel. These results show that the normal developmental distribution of the neurotrophins BDNF and NT-3 in the lower auditory brainstem occurs during the first two postnatal weeks in parallel with the developmental expression of their cognate receptors, trkB and trkC.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Changes in body composition of adult obese (ob/ob) and lean mice fed restricted levels of diets high in carbohydrate, fat or protein.

Adult obese (ob/ob) and lean male mice were fed severely-restricted amounts (approximately 20 to 30 per cent of ad-libitum intake) of either a high-carbohydrate, high-fat or high-protein diet for three weeks. All mice were fed an equal amount of metabolizable energy. Total body fat, total body nitrogen and skeletal-muscle nitrogen were measured in separate groups of mice initially and following three weeks of energy restriction. Obese mice lost 38 to 75 per cent more body energy than did lean mice. Fat accounted for most of the total energy lost (80 to 95 per cent). Obese mice lost more fat, but less protein, than lean mice. Of the total body protein lost by lean mice, 40 to 50 per cent was from skeletal muscle; but obese mice lost very little skeletal-muscle protein. Composition of the diet fed did not significantly affect losses of body weight, fat or protein in either obese or lean mice; mice fed the high-protein diet had heavier livers and kidneys. These results suggest that adult obese mice expend more total energy than lean mice. In addition, loss of body protein during restricted energy intake may be more closely related to remaining body fat stores than to composition of the diet.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Altered ketone body metabolism during gram-negative sepsis in the rat.

To investigate why blood ketone bodies are depressed during sepsis, the production and utilization of ketone bodies was studied in fasted control, fasted, Escherichia coli-treated, fed control, and fed E coli-treated rats. Gram-negative sepsis was induced by intravenous (IV) injection of 8 x 10(7) live colonies of E coli per 100 g body weight. Food was removed from the fasted rats after E coli injection. Fed rats were infused intragastrically with a nutritionally adequate diet for 5 days before inducing sepsis. Twenty-four hours after E coli injection, blood ketone bodies were reduced in fasted septic rats and fed septic rats compared with their respective control rats. Ketogenesis and oxidation of labeled palmitate was not altered in hepatocytes from fasted E coli-treated rats. Yet, ketogenesis declined significantly in hepatocytes from fed E coli-treated rats. Oxidation of labeled palmitate was also significantly reduced in hepatocytes from fed E coli-treated rats. Utilization of ketone bodies as measured by the incorporation of [3-14C]beta-hydroxybutyrate into CO2, increased over threefold in the diaphragm, 12% in the heart, and 19% in the kidneys from the fasted E coli-treated rats. In the fed state, incorporation of [3-14C]beta-hydroxybutyrate into CO2 was elevated fivefold in the heart, fourfold in the diaphragm, and over threefold in the kidneys from the septic rats. These results suggest that in the fasted state, plasma ketone bodies remain low during gram-negative sepsis because peripheral tissues use more ketone bodies and because liver ketogenesis is not increased to compensate for the increased utilization. In the fed state, the reduction in blood ketone bodies appears to be attributed to both impaired ketogenic capacity and increased peripheral utilization.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Evidence for a functional role of RNA in centrioles.

Basal bodies, purified from Chlamydomonas and Tetrahymena, were exposed to various enzymatic treatments and then assayed for their ability to nucleate aster formation upon injection into eggs of Xenopus laevis. Untreated basal bodies injected into frog eggs act as centrioles and induce the formation of asters. The aster-inducing activity of basal bodies was eliminated by treatment with proteolytic enzymes and ribonucleases. Aster-inducing activity was not affected by DNAse and a number of other enzymes. The effect of proteolytic digestion on aster-inducing activity appeared to be directly correlated with the degree of structural damage to the basal body. Low concentrations of pancreatic ribonuclease A, ribonuclease T1, and S1 nuclease also completely abolished aster-inducing activity, although these enzymes had no effect on basal body structure. Ribonuclease-treated basal bodies remained capable of supporting microtubule elongation in vitro. Preliminary evidence indicates that basal bodies from Chlamydomonas and Tetrahymena contain about 5 x 10(-16) g of RNA which co-band with basal bodies and aster-inducing activity by equilibrium density gradient sedimentation. We conclude first, that centrioles contain RNA which is required for initiation of aster formation, and second, that the centriole activity or ability to assemble a mitotic aster is separable from the basal body activity, or ability to serve directly as a template for microtubule growth.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

PML nuclear bodies are highly organised DNA-protein structures with a function in heterochromatin remodelling at the G2 phase.

We have recently demonstrated that heterochromatin HP1 proteins are aberrantly distributed in lymphocytes of patients with immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial dysmorphy (ICF) syndrome. The three HP1 proteins accumulate in one giant body over the 1qh and 16qh juxtacentromeric heterochromatins, which are hypomethylated in ICF. The presence of PML (promyelocytic leukaemia) protein within this body suggests it to be a giant PML nuclear body (PML-NB). The structural integrity of PML-NBs is of major importance for normal cell functioning. Nevertheless, the structural organisation and the functions of these nuclear bodies remain unclear. Here, we take advantage of the large size of the giant body to demonstrate that it contains a core of satellite DNA with proteins being organised in ordered concentric layers forming a sphere around it. We extend these results to normal PML-NBs and propose a model for the general organisation of these structures at the G2 phase. Moreover, based on the presence of satellite DNA and the proteins HP1, BRCA1, ATRX and DAXX within the PML-NBs, we propose that these structures have a specific function: the re-establishment of the condensed heterochromatic state on late-replicated satellite DNA. Our findings that chromatin-remodelling proteins fail to accumulate around satellite DNA in PML-deficient NB4 cells support a central role for PML protein in this cellular function.

Cell Line, Tumor↗

PubMed1992

Filaments of Lewy bodies contain insoluble cytoskeletal elements.

The Lewy body is an intraneuronal inclusion body that is one of the histologic hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, a degenerative disease of the brain. Ultrastructural analysis has shown that the Lewy body is composed of straight 7-20 nm filaments and amorphous elements. Previous light microscopic, immunocytochemical studies have suggested the presence of neurofilament, microtubule, ubiquitin, and paired helical filament-related epitopes in Lewy bodies. Yet the biochemical composition of the Lewy body remains incompletely elucidated. The ultrastructural and immunocytochemical similarities and differences between the Lewy body and the neurofibrillary tangle of Alzheimer's disease raise questions as to their relation to each other and possible shared mechanisms of formation. In this study the authors examine whether ultrastructural immunocytochemical analysis of Lewy bodies confirms the light microscopic data, whether the structures and epitopes of Lewy bodies share with Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tangles the property of insolubility in sodium dodecyl sulfate, and speculate about the subunit composition of Lewy body filaments.

Aged↗

PubMed1977

The influence of reserpine and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on serotonin storage organelles of blood platelets.

The present investigation has evaluated the influence of reserpine on the serotonin-rich organelles bodies) in platelets from dogs, rabbits, and humans. Reserpine markedly depresses the levels of stored serotonin in human and animal platelets, accompanied by a small decrease in platelet ATP but no change in platelet ADP content. Thin sections of human platelets showed no change in the number or morphology of serotonin storage organelles during reserpine therapy, whereas a profound decrease in the size and number of dense bodies occurred in platelets from rabbits treated with reserpine. Dog platelets also showed a decrease in the number and density of serotonin storage organelles after reserpine therapy. The basis for the difference between rabbit and human platelets was explored by fixing platelets in glutaraldehyde and osmium in the presence or absence of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Most of the dense bodies in fixed human platelets were removed by EDTA while rabbit platelet dense bodies remained essentially intact. The results suggested that the opacity of rabbit platelet dense bodies following fixation with glutaraldehyde and osmium relate primarily to their serotonin content, while the electron density of human serotonin storage organelles in fixed cells is due primarily to their calcium content. Further confirmation of this concept came from studies of platelets using the whole mount technique. Rabbit platelet serotonin storage organelles were found to lack the inherent opacity of the human dense bodies, a finding consistent with the lower concentration of calcium in the rabbit organelles.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Cervical disc calcification in children. A long-term review.

Four cases of symptomatic cervical disc calcification in children are presented. Three cases were followed for more than 10 years. In one case, persistent flattening of the adjacent vertebral body remained into adulthood. To quantify the deformity, the height and width of each vertebral body was measured. These permanent changes may be associated with early degenerative changes seen radiologically in young adults.

Calcinosis↗

PubMed1989

Isolation and Characterization of Protein Bodies in Lupinus angustifolius.

Using Nycodenz, a novel density gradient medium, we isolated intact protein bodies from developing seeds of Lupinus angustifolius L. (cultivar Unicrop) and achieved excellent separation from the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and other organelles. The distribution of the storage protein conglutin-beta was taken as evidence that up to 96% of the protein bodies remained intact on the gradients and banded at 1.25 grams per milliliter. The protein bodies also contained the three other abundant proteins present in L. angustifolius seeds: conglutins-alpha, -gamma, and -delta. Pulse labeling experiments were carried out to determine the site of proteolytic processing of conglutin-alpha, a legumin-like 11Svedberg unit storage protein. Cotyledons aged either 33 or 40 days after flowering were pulsed with [(3)H]leucine. Protein bodies obtained from the cotyledons aged 33 days after flowering contained only the labeled precursors of conglutin-alpha with molecular weights 85,000, 72,000, and 64,000, even after a 4 hour chase of the radioactivity. Protein bodies obtained from the cotyledons aged 40 days after flowering contained the same radioactive precursors if the tissue had been pulsed for 2 hours, and the processing products of these precursors when the tissue had been chased for 4 hours. These studies confirm that the subcellular location of proteolytic cleavage of this legumin-like protein is the protein body, that this activity is detected only in protein bodies from lupin seeds aged between 33 and 40 days of seed development after flowering and that protein bodies from seeds younger than this contain only unprocessed conglutin-alpha.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2003

Phthisis bulbi with a large protruding foreign body--a rare complication of penetrating injuries.

Spontaneous extrusion of a retained intraocular foreign body is a rare occurrence. An unusual case is described in a 30-year-old male, where a foreign body remained in the eye for four years and then, as phthisis set in, the foreign body gradually extruded, causing constant irritation of the upper lid. Such a situation has not been documented before. Its management along with the histopathologic features are discussed in the light of the available literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[A case of examination of skeletal remains--how many bodies did they come from?].

We examined skeletal remains, with the main intention of estimating how many bodies they had come from. The samples were a skull with defect of its base, an upper jaw, two lower jaws (No. 1, No. 2) and two skeletal bodies (No. 1: with no skull, No. 2: consisting mainly of the lower extremities). In examining the mutual relationship among them, we utilized adjustability between the skull and the lower jaws at the temporomandibular joint, and between the lower jaws and the upper jaw in the biting manner of their teeth. We concluded that the most probable combination was of two bodies, i.e. [skull + lower jaw No. 1 + skeletal body No. 1] and [upper jaw + lower jaw No. 2 + skeletal body No. 2]. Beside the above presentation, we did comment on several problems in personal identification and estimation of postmortem interval.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

ECL cells of the rat stomach: development of lipofuscin in response to sustained gastrin stimulation.

Ageing cells, especially post-mitotic cells, are known to accumulate pigments, i.e. highly electron-dense material, referred to as ceroid or lipofuscin. This material is formed as a consequence of autophagocytosis and peroxidation of the products undergoing degradation. The present study describes the development of lipofuscin in the ECL cells of the rat stomach. These cells produce and secrete histamine in response to gastrin. They are rich in secretory vesicles, which fuse to form vacuoles in hypergastrinaemic rats. Hypergastrinaemia was induced by continuous infusion of human Leu15-gastrin-17 for 6 days or by daily treatment with omeprazole for 10 weeks. Either treatment caused both vacuoles and lipofuscin bodies to appear in large numbers; the vacuoles disappeared promptly after interruption of the hypergastrinaemia, whereas the lipofuscin bodies remained. Antrectomy-evoked hypogastrinaemia was associated with a reduced number and volume density of lipofuscin bodies. Treatment with alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, an irreversible inhibitor of the histamine-forming enzyme, resulted in depletion of ECL-cell histamine and was found to prevent the omeprazole-evoked formation of vacuoles and lipofuscin. The numbers of both vacuoles and lipofuscin bodies were well-correlated with the serum gastrin concentration, suggesting that gastrin stimulates the development not only of vacuoles but also of lipofuscin, perhaps through enhanced autophagocytosis and/or oxidative stress. Thus, lipofuscin bodies may develop from vacuoles, and both vacuoles and lipofuscin bodies may reflect the efforts of overstimulated ECL cells to cope with the excessive formation of secretory products.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

[Acute foreign body aspiration as a respiratory emergency in childhood].

From 1957 to 1987 altogether 206 cases of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration were diagnosed. Two third of the patients were one or two years old. Boys prevailed with 57 per cent. 55 per cent of all foreign bodies were nuts. Only 10 per cent were radiopaque (screws, nails, needles or pieces of bones). The attempt to eliminate the foreign body via the bronchoscope was successful in 96 per cent and failed in seven cases. Six children had to undergo a thoracotomy. In one third of the cases the foreign body remained two weeks or longer in the bronchial tree. 66 children with such a "chronic" foreign body were later on examined by bronchography, which showed in 29 per cent severe deformations of the bronchial wall and in 14 per cent even bronchiectasis. An acute foreign body aspiration should always be considered and handled as an emergency.

Bronchi↗

PubMed1995

[Right-sided recurrent retention pneumonia of changing localization after aspiration of dental impression material with almost complete casting of a segmental bronchus in a previously healthy woman].

Aspiration of foreign bodies is extremely rare in adults but frequent in children. Foreign bodies aspired by adults are usually immediately identified and quickly removed. This, however, was not the case with the patient under report. In a women patient of 51 years of age who had so far been completely healthy, a certainly rare endobronchial foreign body remained unidentified for eighty-six days. Even in adults one must take the possibility of foreign body aspiration into consideration whenever signs are seen such as dyspnoea, recurrent pneumonias, unproductive coughing, retrosternal pain, distant cardiac murmur if no obstructive disturbance of ventilation had already existed before, and especially if there are obstructive respiratory sounds of laterally different amplitude.

Bronchography↗

PubMed2000

Localization, detection and guided removal of soft tissue in the hands using sonography.

Penetrating wounds and lacerations are frequent pathologies treated in the emergency room. The management of hand trauma represents a large part of the work in any surgical practice. Although X-rays are routinely taken, numerous foreign bodies remain undetected, and the wounds are just locally debrided and the lacerations sutured. Unfortunately, as not all foreign bodies are radio-opaque, the radiography results may appear normal, but the patient fails to recover. Patients complaining of persistent wound tenderness were sent for ultrasound investigations, and foreign bodies were detected. Had ultrasonography been carried out initially in the emergency room, the correct diagnosis would have been made, and the sonographic equipment could have helped to guide the physician in his attempt to remove the foreign body. Usually, in response to continued pain, an ultrasound investigation is ordered, and the pathology becomes apparent. A number of examples are briefly described in order to highlight the present inadequacies. It is suggested that hospital administrators consider the need to provide ultrasonographic services as an integral facility of the emergency room.

Adult↗