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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Predictive value of non-automated spermatic parameters and automated kinetic parameters on cleavage rate in fertilization in vitro].

The aim of this work was to determine retrospectively in 114 couples the predictive value of semen analysis for the in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome when sperm evaluation before IVF was assessed by either conventional parameters or a Hamilton-Thorne automated motility analyser. A backward logistic regression analysis was used to study the relative contribution of each conventional or computerized parameter. Computerized sperm values were the worst index for predicting oocyte fertilization. However a tight relationship between morphology and cleavage ratio was observed. Using ROC analysis, under a 18% threshold, cleavage failure was noted in 71% of couples undergoing an IVF program. This study indicates that morphology is the best parameter for predicting cleavage failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

An automated interpretation of MALDI/TOF postsource decay spectra of oligosaccharides. 1. Automated peak assignment.

A computer program has been developed that helps the interpretation of MALDI/TOF postsource decay (PSD) spectra of N-linked oligosaccharides of a protein. The program includes routines for automated peak assignment and generation of a simulated PSD spectrum. From a raw spectrum, peaks are assigned automatically; i.e., numbers of saccharide residues removed from the parent ion are calculated. If the structure of the oligosaccharide is known, a simulated PSD spectrum of the oligosaccharide will be generated. The simulated PSD spectrum helps interpretation of the observed spectrum. While, in a case where several candidate structures are given, one can narrow the field of plausible structures for the unknown oligosaccharide by comparing the observed spectrum with the simulated PSD spectra. Using a Pentium 233-MHz microprocessor, it takes only a few seconds to interpret a spectrum.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1990

The British Hypertension Society protocol for the evaluation of automated and semi-automated blood pressure measuring devices with special reference to ambulatory systems.

With the increasing manufacture of expensive systems for the measurement of ambulatory blood pressure there is a need for potential purchasers to be able to satisfy themselves that the systems have been evaluated according to agreed criteria. The British Hypertension Society has, therefore, drawn up a protocol of requirements for the evaluation of these devices. This protocol incorporates many features of the American National Standard for Non-Automated Sphygmomanometers but includes many additional features, such as strict criteria for observer training, interdevice variability testing before and after a month of ambulatory use, and a new system of analysis which permits the test system to be graded. It is recommended that manufacturers of ambulatory blood pressure measuring devices should obtain an unbiased evaluation according to a recognized standard before a device is marketed.

Blood Pressure Monitors↗
PubMed2001

Limited response to cardiac arrest by police equipped with automated external defibrillators: lack of survival benefit in suburban and rural Indiana--the police as responder automated defibrillation evaluation (PARADE).

OBJECTIVE: To assess the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival advantage after providing police with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in rural and suburban Indiana. METHODS: An observational evaluation was conducted in six Indiana counties (population: 464,741) before (retrospective) and after (prospective) training and equipping police with AEDs. The primary outcome evaluated was survival to hospital discharge for all cases of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) OHCA. Other factors evaluated include age, gender, race, arrest location, witnessed arrest, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, response intervals, and survival to discharge for all OHCAs. Results are reported using chi-square, Student's t-test, and logistic regression. RESULTS: Police were equipped with 112 AEDs, increasing total defibrillator capability by 43.2%. During the study period, AED-equipped police responded prior to emergency medical services (EMS) in 26 of 388 cases (6.7%). The time intervals from 911 call-to-scene and 911 call-to-shock were shortened by 1.6 minutes (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.0 to 3.1, p = 0.05) and 4.8 minutes (95% CI = 1.3 to 8.3, p = 0.008), respectively, with police response as compared with EMS response. Survival to hospital discharge for VT/VF OHCA was 15.0% (3/20) in cases in which police responded first and 10.0% (16/160) in cases in which EMS responded first (relative risk [RR] 0.63, 95% CI = 0.17 to 2.39, p = 0.45). Survival to hospital discharge for VT/VF OHCA did not improve from the prestudy period (16/204, 7.8%) to after police AED availability (19/180, 10.6%) (RR 0.72, 95% CI = 0.36 to 1.45, p = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival in suburban and rural Indiana did not improve after police were equipped with AEDs, likely related to poor police response.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Automated enumeration of cellular composition in bone marrow aspirate with the CELL-DYN 4000 automated hematology analyzer.

The present study was designed to evaluate the automated analysis of bone marrow aspirates with the CELL-DYN 4000 (CD4000) hematology analyzer. Bone marrow aspirates were diluted twice with phosphate-buffered saline and assayed with the CD4000. The percentages of subpopulations including lymphocytes, neutrophils, and erythroblasts were obtained with the CD4000, and as a reference, differential counts by microscopic observation of May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained films of bone marrow aspirate were performed (n = 48). Significant correlations (p < 0.0001) between the results with the two methods were obtained for total nucleated cell count, lymphocytes, neutrophils, erythroid cells, and the myeloid/erythroid ratio. The present method can provide quantitative data of bone marrow aspirate and will be useful in bone marrow screening.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1977

The automation of cytochemical methods for automated cytophotometers.

The development of an automated differential white blood cell counter is reviewed. After the red cells have been lysed, the white cells are counted by staining and passing through an electro-optical chamber in liquid suspension, surrounded by a laminar, or sheath, stream. Staining procedures were made specific for each type of leukocyte, and separate channels were used for counting each type. Staining intensity and characteristics of the various types of blood cells are discussed. They relate to enzyme levels and the effect on differentiation and identification of the cells. Since reasons for some of the design features are not obvious, discussion of the relevant problems is included. Several applications that go beyond routine differential counting are described.

Basophils↗
PubMed2006

Measurement of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with an automated POCT instrument in comparison with HPLC and automated immunochemistry method: evaluation of the influence of hemoglobin variants.

Our study evaluates a fast and easy way to perform point-of-care testing (POCT) measurements of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c in comparison with an immunoassay on an automated biochemistry analyzer and cation exchange chromatography, the two methods routinely used in clinical laboratories for the measurement of HbA1c. A significant finding of our study is that although the POCT instrument insert claims that the method is not affected by the presence of HbS in the heterozygous state or in combination with beta-thalassemia, discrepant results were found in some cases with such hemoglobinopathies. In these cases, the two POCT and laboratory immunoassay methods showed clinically significant positive interferences with samples containing the HbS trait. We conclude that samples with the HbS trait should be interpreted with caution when tested using the POCT instrument.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed2000

Computer automated design and computer automated manufacture.

The introduction of computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing into the field of prosthetics and orthotics did not arrive without concern. Many prosthetists feared that the computer would provide other allied health practitioners who had little or no experience in prosthetics the ability to fit and manage amputees. Technicians in the field felt their jobs may be jeopardized by automated fabrication techniques. This has not turned out to be the case. Prosthetists who use CAD-CAM techniques are finding they have more time for patient care and clinical assessment. CAD-CAM is another tool for them to provide better care for the patients/clients they serve. One of the factors that deterred the acceptance of CAD-CAM techniques in its early stages was that of cost. It took a significant investment in software and hardware for the prosthetists to begin to use the new systems. This new technique was not reimbursed by insurance coverage. Practitioners did not have enough information about this new technique to make a sound decision on their investment of time and money. Ironically, it is the need to hold health care costs down that may prove to be the catalyst for the increased use of CAD-CAM in the field. Providing orthoses and prostheses to patients who require them is a very labor intensive process. Practitioners are looking for better, faster, and more economical ways in which to provide their services under the pressure of managed care. CAD-CAM may be the answer. The author foresees shape sensing departments in hospitals where patients would be sent to be digitized, similar to someone going for radiograph or ultrasound. Afterwards, an orthosis or prosthesis could be provided from a central fabrication facility at a remote site, most likely on the same day. Not long ago, highly skilled practitioners with extensive technical ability would custom make almost every orthosis. One now practices in an atmosphere where off-the-shelf orthoses are the standard. This reduced fabrication time, but compromised the accuracy of the fit of a custom made orthosis. Computer aided design and manufacturing has the ability to combine the accuracy of custom made with the speed and labor savings of off-the-shelf systems. This would be a substantial benefit to patients, practitioners, and third party payors as well. The field may run full circle and return to custom made systems at off-the-shelf costs. As scientific knowledge base increases and computer aided design improves, one still needs the interface between the design methodology and the patient. That interface is the prosthetist/orthotist. The clinician and the clients they serve have a lot to gain from further research in this field. If one does not lose focus on how one can improve prostheses and orthoses for the consumer, one can expect great things from the methodology of CAD-CAM. There is no question that computerization is here and will continue to influence the fields of prosthetics and orthotics.

Artificial Limbs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evolution of the automated system for preventive examination of children an automated unit for mass screening examinations].

The complicated situation in pediatric healthcare and long-term negative trends observed in the health of children predetermined the necessity of introducing automated units built on the principles of preventive medicine and screening diagnostics into the practice of healthcare. AKDO units belong to such equipment designed for early diversified diagnostics of chronic diseases made within comprehensive examinations of children, i.e. a state program of regular medical check-ups of children. The paper presents objective trends taking place in the modern practical healthcare that necessitated principle changes in and promotion of functional potentialities of the existing ASPON systems developed in 1983-1988.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient care automation: the future is now. Part 3. The five rules of automation.

Five key principles for creating effective operations optimization-based patient care automation have now been established: (a) The old system architectures did not provide operations optimization; (b) primary patient care optimization (nurses and doctors) must be the central focus of any effective system; (c) the system must provide a platform that allows for eliminating both the retrospective and prospective (subterranean) paper records; (d) point-of-care data capture, including at the bedside, must be provided; and (e) integration around the patient is critical to success. Systems that ignore these principles will ultimately be doomed to repeat the problems of the manual system. Adherence to these principles opens a myriad of possibilities and provides a road map for how such a system should function. The next installment in this series of articles will address the ramifications of integration in system design and system use. The positive effects that such system designs can have on the realization of demonstrable benefits from system technology will also be reviewed.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1989

[Initial experiences in the use of the ASKIS automated system for detecting patients with ischemic heart disease. Automated System for Population Health Tracking and Follow-up].

The paper is concerned with the first experience gained in the use of the automated system ASKIS in the work of a district polyclinic of Moscow. The results of the questionnaire of 569 persons are provided. Analysis of the ambulatory cards was made immediately after the questionnaire and additional examination. It has been discovered that the system proposed can be used in the work of a polyclinic, since at allows one to identify persons afflicted with cardiovascular diseases.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mathematical bases for automated automated equipment for mass medical screening and diagnosis].

Mathematical methods and the programmes for the computer choice of informative diagnostic signs and constructing resolving rules to formulate groups of risk for certain affections in automating large-scale medical examinations are described. The use of a method for linear discriminant functions is shown. The applicability of the programme on examples of early identification of mammary cancer and rheumatic affections is demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Automation of a patient medical profile from insurance claims data: a possible first step in automating ambulatory medical records on a national scale.

This report describes how a detailed patient medical profile can be produced by the systematic collection and linkage of claims data in a state-wide Medicaid program. Extension of this system nationally could provide automated medical profiles for more than 20,000,000 people at a small increment in cost. The possibility that this cost could be offset by reduction of duplicated services currently provided deserves serious consideration by health care planners and administrators. The ability of the profile to portray a patient's clinical status accurately hinges on both the determination of health care administrators to adopt sensitive and precise diagnostic codes and on the adoption of improved data acquisition techniques. The deficiencies of the database are described, and methods of overcoming these problems are suggested.

Alabama↗
PubMed2002

Inspiratory pressure-volume curves obtained using automated low constant flow inflation and automated occlusion methods in ARDS patients with a new device.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the inspiratory volume pressure (VP) curves of the respiratory system (rs) produced by static occlusion (OCC) and dynamic low constant flow inflation (LCFI) methods using a new device in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. SETTING: A multidisciplinary 24-bed ICU in a tertiary university hospital. PATIENTS: Eleven intubated and mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: OCC and LCFI methods were performed using the same ventilator, which had been specifically implemented for this purpose. LCFI of 5, 10, and 15 l/min and OCC were applied in a random order at zero end-expiratory positive pressure. Airway pressure was measured both proximal (P(ao)) and distal (P(tr)) to the endotracheal tube. Lower inflection point (LIP) and maximal slope (C(max,rs)) were estimated using unbiased iterative linear regressions. LIP(rs) was obtained in all patients under LCFI and in nine patients under OCC. With LCFI of 5, 10, 15 l/min and OCC the average LIP(rs) values were 12.2 +/- 3.9, 12.9 +/- 4, 14.3 +/- 3.4, and 11.9 cm H(2)O for P(ao) and 11.9 +/- 3.9, 11.5 +/- 3.3, 12.5 +/- 3.4 and 11.8 +/- 4.4 for P(tr), respectively. Only the mean values of LIP(rs) for P(ao) with LCFI at 15 l/min were significantly different from those obtained for OCC. The C(max,rs) values found with the two methods were similar. CONCLUSIONS: An LCFI less than or equal to 10 l/min seems to be a quick, safe, and reliable method to determine LIP(rs) and C(max,rs) at the bedside.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A new direction in automated laboratory testing in Japan: five years of experience with total laboratory automation system management.

The introduction of integrated laboratory systems has proceeded rapidly in Japan in these 15 years, but they require large initial investment for installation and do not always succeed in reducing laboratory cost. We also experienced three major events that taught us that total laboratory systems are not always effective: these were an earthquake, a nerve gas attack, and an outbreak of food poisoning. Political changes in the national health care system in Japan have forced the cutting of expenses for laboratory testing. In this context, cost-effective laboratory testing has been considered, and many hospitals have replaced total laboratory systems with small laboratory systems. Our University Hospital introduced a mini-lab system consisting of compact instruments to increase laboratory efficiency, and we have begun point-of-care testing education for medical students. This combination enables rapid and convenient testing, and is responsive to the political changes in the Japanese health care system.

Automation↗