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Oximes and atropine in sarin poisoning.

Three oximes, monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA), pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM) and diacetylmonoxime (DAM), have been examined in combination with atropine as antidotes in sarin poisoning. When treatment was administered 15 min. before sarin, atropine enhanced the protective effect of MINA and DAM 2 to 3 times and of PAM 9 to 10 times in mice and rats. In mice, rats, and guinea-pigs, atropine increased by no more than 2 times the protective effect of all three oximes when given 30 sec. after sarin. Atropine given to monkeys 1 min. after sarin raised the LD50 approximately 3 times. When given in conjunction with MINA or DAM, the LD50 of sarin was raised 7 to 14 times.

Animals↗

The action of atropine on pancreatic secretion.

The action of atropine, in preventing pancreatic secretion in response to a parasympathomimetic drug, is analysed. Atropine does not appear to affect the uptake of glycine by the pancreatic cell, or the incorporation of radioactive amino acids into the total pancreatic tissue proteins, or into the proteins of the zymogen granules. The rate of amylase resynthesis in stimulated glands is not affected by atropine. It is suggested that atropine blocks pancreatic secretion in rats by blocking the extrusion of zymogen granules.

Amino Acids↗