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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Post-abortion-hysteroscopy--a method for early diagnosis of congenital and acquired intrauterine causes of abortions.

OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was conducted on the incidence of intrauterine pathology diagnosed by hysteroscopy. STUDY DESIGN: A hysteroscopy was performed in 53 women 6-12 weeks after a dilatation and curettage for incomplete abortions or missed abortions. RESULTS: Uterus malformations were found in 11 patients, submucous myoma in two and a corpus polyp in one. The main findings were intrauterine adhesions in 16 cases. The incidence of intrauterine adhesions was about the same after incomplete abortions and after missed abortions, but in patients with recurrent abortions the incidence was significantly higher than in patients after first abortion (47.6% versus 18.8%). CONCLUSION: Post-abortion-hysteroscopy is a simple and useful method for early diagnosis of acquired and congenital intrauterine pathology after abortions.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous abortion after amniocentesis in women with a history of spontaneous abortion.

The incidence of spontaneous abortion after amniocentesis (19 to 28 weeks gestation) in women who have had previous spontaneous abortions is compared with the rate in women who have not had previous spontaneous abortions. The outcome of the pregnancy after amniocentesis and the previous history of spontaneous abortion is reported for 691 pregnancies. The rate of spontaneous abortion after amniocentesis was found to be significantly higher in women who had one or more previous spontaneous abortions, 12/238 (5 per cent), than in women who did not, 6/453 (1.3 per cent). In women who reported two or more previous spontaneous abortions, the rate was 7/81 (8.6 per cent). No statistically significant effect of maternal age or gravidity was detected. The incidence of spontaneous abortion after amniocentesis was greater in the three weeks following the procedure (three for each of the three weeks) than in the subsequent seven weeks (nine for seven weeks).

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1996

Declining induced abortion rate in Finland: data quality of the Finnish abortion register.

BACKGROUND: Induced abortion rates have declined in Finland since 1973. A possible explanation offered has been that of deteriorating data collection. METHODS: To assess the completeness of the Register, we compared the information from a consecutive sample of hospital records (N = 482) to the Finnish Abortion Register in 18 hospitals in three counties. A smaller consecutive sample (N = 345) was collected from the same hospitals to assess the validity of the Register information. RESULTS: Only five abortions (1 percent) found in the hospitals were not reported in the Abortion Register. A total of 95 percent of all the length of pregnancy (definition problems), the classification of the abortion procedure, and social class (out-of-date classifications). Furthermore, early complications were poorly reported. CONCLUSIONS: The data from the Finnish Abortion Register are a reliable source for monitoring trends in the abortion rate and its variation by subgroups, but are an unreliable source for the study of the medical aspects of induced abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1996

Teratogenic IgG from sera of women with spontaneous abortions seem to induce anomalies and yolk sac damage in rat embryos. A possible method to detect abortions of immunologic origin.

PROBLEM: Spontaneous abortions due to immunological rejection of the embryo may be avoided by immunotherapy with paternal allogeneic leukocytes but there is no appropriate method to detect and differentiate this group of aborters from other groups. METHODS: In previous studies we have demonstrated that in about two-thirds of sera from women with spontaneous abortions the IgG antibodies are responsible (alone or in combination with other factors) for the embryotoxic effects of these sera on cultured rat embryos. We presently cultured 10.5-day-old rat embryos on highly teratogenic serum ("high risk" serum that induced anomalies in more than 50% of the embryos) from women with spontaneous abortions, where the IgG fraction was exchanged with IgG from control sera and vice-versa. We studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) the extent of yolk sac damage in comparison to the rate of embryonic anomalies. RESULTS: In cases where IgG antibodies were teratogenic, embryos cultured in control sera with IgG from "high risk" sera exhibited ultrastructural yolk sac damage as well as embryonic anomalies, and the yolk sacs cultured in "high risk" sera with control IgG were normal. In cases in which the IgG exchange did not change the rate of anomalies, as IgG was not teratogenic, yolk sacs from embryos cultured in "high risk" sera remained damaged, while yolk sacs from embryos cultured in control sera after IgG exchange stayed normal. Although no significant difference in total IgG levels was found between the groups, a higher IgG1 level in sera from women with teratogenic IgG was observed in comparison to control women's sera. The obstetrical history of the women with two or more abortions who took part in our study showed that there were more cases of unknown etiology of the abortion in the women from the "high risk" group. CONCLUSIONS: The serum and the IgG fraction from women with habitual abortions can be tested in whole embryo culture to evaluate the embryonic and yolk sac damage. On this basis it may be possible to detect the women in whom the habitual abortions result from immunological rejection.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2001

[Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor in the decidua of normal early pregnancy, threatened abortion and inevitable abortion].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in the decidua of normal early pregnancy, threatened abortion and inevitable abortion. METHOD: We examined LIF gene expression in the above-mentioned decidua by a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and also examined the serum pregesterone, human chorionic gonadotrapin (hCG) by radioimmunoassay in all cases. RESULTS: (1) Serum levels of pregesterone and hCG are: (91.5 +/- 27.2) nmol/L, (69.9 +/- 14.9) kU/L in normal early pregnancy; (88.4 +/- 24.7) nmol/L, (57.6 +/- 11.2) kU/L in threatened abortion respectively. There was no difference in the levels of pregesterone and hCG between the two groups (P > 0.05). While serum pregesterone, hCG levels in inevitable group were (33.1 +/- 19.6) nmol/L, (10.3 +/- 3.2) kU/L respectively. Compared with normal early pregnancy and threatened abortion group, the levels of serum pregesterone and hCG reduced significantly (P < 0.05). (2) The expression of LIF in three groups: There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of LIF expression between the normal early pregnancy group (2.10 +/- 0.32) and threatened abortion (1.92 +/- 0.20) groups, while the levels of LIF expression in inevitable abortion group (0.7 +/- 0.06) was lower than those in normal early pregnancy group and threatened abortion group (P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: The reduction of LIFmRNA expression in the decidua of early pregnancy may decrease the serum pregesterone and hCG levels and cause inevitable abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2002

Cervico-vaginal fistula from induced abortions causing subsequent spontaneous midtrimester abortions in Nigerians: case report.

A report of three cases of cervico-vaginal fistula (CVF) from induced abortions causing subsequent spontaneous mid-trimester abortions and a literature review is presented. Restrictive abortion laws, low contraceptive usage and increased sexual activity consequent upon adverse socio-economic conditions have led to an increase in the prevalence of illegal abortions in Nigeria over the previous two decades. CVF appears to be an emerging complication of such abortions. Cervical cerclage is preferred to trachelorrhaphy in the management of such cases. However, where vaginally performed cerclage does not succeed, the abdominal route should be used as a last resort. After a previous induced abortion, clinicians managing the subsequent pregnancy need to search carefully for cervico-vaginal fistula, which may compromise that particular pregnancy. Appropriate contraceptive use and safe abortions using modern methods in cases of contraceptive failure will prevent such horrendous complications of induced abortions in Nigeria and other developing countries.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2006

[Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor in chorionic villi of normal early pregnancy, threatened abortion and inevitable abortion].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in chorionic villi of normal early pregnancy, threatened abortion and inevitable abortion, and to assess the effects of LIF on threatened abortion and inevitable abortion. METHODS: Expression of LIF in chorionic villi was examined using Western blot. Serum progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels were determined using radioimmunoassay. A streptavidin peroxidase conjugated semi-quantitative immunohistochemical assay was used to exam LIF protein expression. RESULTS: The levels of progesterone and hCG in the normal early pregnancy and threatened abortion groups were (95 +/- 26) nmol/L and (75 +/- 14) kU/L, and (90 +/- 26) nmol/L and (68 +/- 13) kU/L, respectively. The differences were not significant (P > 0.05). The levels of progesterone and hCG in the inevitable group were significantly decreased to (36 +/- 17) nmol/L and (13 +/- 3) kU/L, respectively. The differences when compared to the other groups were statistically significant (P < 0.01). LIF protein expression was observed in all cases and located mainly in the cytoplasm of trophoblast cells. The expression of LIF in inevitable abortion group 0.30 +/- 0.02 was lower than that in other groups (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the expression of LIF between the normal early pregnancy group and threatened abortion group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: LIF may play a role in the maintenance of normal pregnancy. Reduction of LIF expression in chorionic villi may induce the decrease of serum progesterone and hCG levels and, ultimately, cause inevitable abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

Human chorionic gonadotropin in maternal plasma after induced abortion, spontaneous abortion, and removed ectopic pregnancy.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in maternal serum was analyzed by a hCG-beta-subunit, radioimmunoassay (hCG-beta-RIA) in 36 cases after induced first-trimester abortion, 35 cases of spontaneous abortion in the first trimester, and in 35 cases of ectopic pregnancy to determine the time between the apparent removal of all trophoblastic tissue by surgical intervention and the disappearance of hCG from the blood. In the cases with induced abortion, hCG was detectable from 16 to 60 days, with a median of 30 days after uterine evacuation, in those with spontaneous abortion from nine to 35 days with a median of 19 days, and in the cases of ectopic pregnancy from one to 31 days with a median of eight, five days after laparotomy d. In the cases with induced abortion, hCG was detectable from 16 to 60 days, with a median of 30 days after uterine evacuation, in those with spontaneous abortion from nine to 35 days with a median of 19 days, and in the cases of ectopic pregnancy from one to 31 days with a median of eight, five days after laparotomy d. In the cases with induced abortion, hCG was detectable from 16 to 60 days, with a median of 30 days after uterine evacuation, in those with spontaneous abortion from nine to 35 days with a median of 19 days, and in the cases of ectopic pregnancy from one to 31 days with a median of eight, five days after laparotomy and removal of the affected tube. There was a significant correlation between the initial hCG levels and the disappearance time in each series. The demonstrated disappearance times are longer than previously recognized, which should be appreciated when hCG is analyzed after termination of early pregnancy.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2001

The effect of abortion restrictions on the timing of abortions.

This paper uses data on the distribution of abortions by weeks of gestation to examine the relationship between abortion restrictions and the timing of abortions. State-level data from 1974 to 1997 indicate that adoption of parental involvement laws for minors or enforcement of mandatory waiting periods is positively associated with the post-first trimester percentage of abortions. However, autocorrelation-corrected specifications indicate that enforced parental involvement laws increase the share of later-term abortions by lowering the first trimester abortion rate rather than by delaying abortions. Medicaid funding restrictions generally do not have a significant effect on the timing of abortions in our results.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2001

Characteristics of Pakistani women seeking abortion and a profile of abortion clinics.

A study of the characteristics of Pakistani women seeking abortion and a profile of abortion clinics was conducted in 32 abortion clinics in three provincial capitals of the country. All 452 women who had their pregnancies terminated between October and December 1997 were interviewed. Except for 39 women (8.6%), all study subjects were married. A majority of the women (36.6%) were aged >35 years, 61.0% had given birth to > or =5 children, and 40.2% were illiterate. The predominant reasons for abortion were "too many children" (64.4%), contraceptive failure (20.3%), premarital affairs (8.6%), medical reasons (5.4%), and extramarital affairs (1.3%). Nearly two thirds of the abortions were induced by inadequately trained persons. Only 22% of the abortion clinics met the World Health Organization (WHO) standards required for safe termination of pregnancy. At all these clinics, the procedure used to terminate the pregnancy was dilatation and curettage (D&C). Only one clinic was using manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). Induced abortion seems to be fairly common among married women of high parity, advanced age, and low educational status. Keeping in view the large number of terminations, new medical and surgical techniques of pregnancy termination should be introduced to those already providing abortion services.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗