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PubMed1986

Seizures produced by pilocarpine: neuropathological sequelae and activity of glutamate decarboxylase in the rat forebrain.

Morphological analysis of brains from rats receiving a convulsant dose of the muscarinic cholinergic agonist, pilocarpine hydrochloride (380 mg/kg), revealed a widespread damage to the forebrain as assessed by light microscopy 5-7 days after seizures. The substantia nigra, olfactory cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, septum, temporal cortex and thalamus underwent prominent morphological injury and cell loss. A concurrent assessment of the activity of L-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) synthesizing enzyme, demonstrated marked deficits in GAD activity in the brain regions undergoing morphological insult. Diazepam, 10 mg/kg, and scopolamine hydrochloride, 10 mg/kg, administered 30 min prior to the injection of pilocarpine, 380 mg/kg, prevented acute behavioral and electrographic, and long-term morphological and biochemical sequelae of seizures. These findings suggest that the muscarinic antagonist, scopolamine, and the anticonvulsant benzodiazepine, diazepam, may aid in preventing extensive brain damage related to pathological muscarinic cholinergic overactivity. The similarity of the topography of the damage and deficits in the GAD activity in brains of rats treated with pilocarpine indicates that GABAergic neurons are lost in the subregions of the brain preferentially sensitive to the convulsant action of pilocarpine.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Auditory and colored visual P300 in patients with sequelae of subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy.

To study the cognitive function in 13 patients with sequelae of subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (SMON), event-related potentials (ERPs) were elicited with tones, clicks, and colored visual stimuli in different tasks. P300 latency was delayed, and P300 amplitude reduced or absent in 5 patients (38%), although neuropsychological assessment for dementia did not differ between patients and 21 age-matched normal controls. P300 and N200 latencies with the tone/tone auditory stimuli and N200 latency with the visual stimuli were significantly delayed, but the latencies of early components (N100 and P200) were not delayed. These findings suggest that SMON patients may have cognitive dysfunction to a slight degree.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The functional sequelae of sacrococcygeal teratoma.

Twenty-seven patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma were followed for a mean period of 5 years (range, 2 to 12 years). Eleven (41%) had some form of functional impairment. Fecal and/or urinary incontinence was present in nine children and two had weakness of the lower limbs secondary to sciatic nerve palsy. Tumors with large intrapelvic extensions requiring an abdominoperineal approach for resection were associated with a higher incidence of functional sequelae (67%). It is recommended that patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma (particularly those with a presacral extension) be closely monitored for functional deficits so that early treatment can be instituted.

Fecal Incontinence↗
PubMed1996

Psychological sequelae of mountain accidents: a preliminary study.

Studies of the victims of road traffic accidents and of violent crime have shown that a significant minority continue to display mood disorders and posttraumatic symptoms one year later; however, few studies have been conducted on victims of other kinds of accident. Thirty-one subjects admitted to hospitals after a mountain accident in the Scottish Highlands were followed up at 3-month intervals over 9 months to determine the prevalence of psychological sequelae; a variety of questionnaires were used to measure mood and other psychological effects. A large minority experienced at least mild depression and other negative consequences at follow-up, despite relatively minor physical injuries; subjects who experienced intrusive thoughts and avoidance of accident-related phenomena demonstrated the least recovery.

Accidents↗
PubMed1979

Role of nonenzymatic glycosylation in the development of the sequelae of diabetes mellitus.

The increased level of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) in the diabetic patient has proved to be an interesting clue to understanding the biochemical basis of the sequelae of diabetes. This minor hemoglobin, which arises as nonenzymatic postsynthetic addition of glucose to hemoglobin A, acts as an indicator molecule for the glucose environment over a 3-5-wk period prior to measurement. Reasoning that a similar glycosylation reaction could be occurring with other body proteins, we have studied the ocular lens. The lens, like the erythrocyte, is not dependent on insulin for glucose concentration in the extracellular milieu that would be elevated in the diabetic state. These studies have revealed that a high glucose in vivo or an increased glucose or glucose-6-phosphate concentration in vitro leads to the glycosylation of epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues in bovine and rat lens crystallins. This glycosylation imparts an increased susceptibility of the crystallins to sulfhydryl oxidation. Disulfide crosslinks result in the formation of high molecular weight aggregates and an opalescence of the crystallin solutions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Postoperative sequelae after anterior segmental osteotomies.

Reported are the results of a clinical study evaluating the postoperative sequelae of maxillary and mandibular segmental osteotomies. Sixteen patients were evaluated for postoperative pulp vitality, tissue viability, neuropathies, segment stability, and patient response. The findings support the use of this modality when accurate diagnosis and treatment planning are followed by competent surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Host genetics and the behavioral sequelae to herpes encephalitis in mice.

The effects of intracerebral infection with herpes simplex virus on the subsequent behavior of two strains of mice were examined. Infected Nya:NYLAR mice were hyperactive and did not show any deficits in the acquisition or reversal of a spatial learning task. In contrast, infected Nya:(SW) mice were hypoactive and made more errors than controls during both phases of the learning tasks. These differences in the nature of the sequelae to infection were related to an overall higher virus titer in the brains of Nya:(SW) mice, an effect particularly marked in the cerebral hemispheres. The results suggest that herpes encephalitis may produce a variety of behavioral syndromes, depending in part on the genetic background of the host. The relevance of these findings to clinical disorders produced by viral infection is discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Residuae, sequelae, and complications of surgery for congenital heart disease.

Definitive, if not curative surgery is available for the eight most common congenital cardiac defects-ductus arteriosus, ASD, coarctation, pulmonary valve stenosis, aortic valve stenosis, tetralogy of Fallot, and transposition. The results of surgery for uncomplicated cases of DA, ASD, VSD, and coarctation usually can be determined by clinical means (including chest radiogram and ECG). Postoperative heart catheterization is recommended for evaluation of the patient who has had surgery for pulmonary valve stenosis or artic stenosis and is necessary after tetralogy of Falot or transposition of the great arteries repair to identify the important postoperrative residua and sequelae. The term "curative" surgery probably shoud be reserved for operation for divion of ductus arteriosus unassociated with pulmonary hypertension and performed in childhood. After closure of ASD, patients should continue to be observed for late development of arrhythmias and persistent cardiac enlargement, although the incidence of these problems is low. After VSD closure the patient is still followed at intervals for possible ill effects of the ventriculotomy scar, manifest as arrhythmias, ventricular aneurysm or myocardial insufficiency. The patient with coarctation repair must be observed for a possible late complication from one of the several clinically silent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular anomalies as well as for the change of restenosis or unrelieved hypertension...

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1990

Sequelae of lateral ovarian transposition in unirradiated cervical cancer patients.

The sequelae of lateral ovarian transposition (LOT) in cervical cancer patients has been examined only in the light of the effect of pelvic radiation therapy on ovarian preservation. Preservation of ovarian function has not been examined in the absence of radiation therapy, and symptomatic ovarian cyst formation in transposed ovaries with the need for subsequent surgery has not been addressed in either radiated or unirradiated cervical cancer patients. We studied 84 premenopausal FIGO stage IA or IB cervical cancer patients treated by primary radical hysterectomy between the years 1978 and 1988. None of these patients received adjuvant radiation therapy. Fifty-nine of eight-four patients had radical hysterectomy (RH) without LOT. These patients were compared to 25 of 84 patients who had LOT in addition to RH. The incidence of symptomatic ovarian cysts, the majority requiring operative intervention, was 24% in the ovarian transposition patients as compared to 7.4% in those who had RH alone. This threefold increase in symptomatic benign ovarian cyst formation in the translocated ovary was significant (P = .048). On the other hand, LOT in these RH patients does not appear to increase the incidence of early menopause (P greater than 0.05). On follow-up of those patients who did not incur additional surgery or radiation, 4.3% became menopausal, as compared to 4.1% of those patients undergoing RH alone, with the mean ages of the two groups being comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Late sequelae of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Seven patients with late sequelae of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are described. All seven had significant chronic symptoms from asthma. At the time of diagnosis of ABPA all patients had marked irreversible pulmonary function abnormalities; symptoms of chronic bronchitis were present in all. Pulmonary fibrosis was present in six of seven patients. Three patients have died from irreversible lung disease with terminal cardiac failure. Despite the difficulty in establishing an early diagnosis of ABPA, its importance must be emphasized in order to attempt to prevent progression of the disease to severe irreversible and potentially fatal end-stage lung disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Neurologic sequelae following the imported fire ant sting.

Four cases are described in which neurologic disturbances are the presenting symptoms after the imported fire ant (IFA) sting. The neurologic sequelae include focal motor and grand mal seizures and a mononeuropathy. The possible pathogenesis of these disorders is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Psychological sequelae in adult females reporting childhood ritualistic abuse.

The present study sought to increase current scientific knowledge about the controversial issue of subjectively reported childhood ritualistic abuse by addressing several key unresolved issues. In particular, the possibility that those reporting ritualistic abuse may be characterized primarily by the severity of their abuse histories or the severity of their present psychological symptoms, rather than the veridicality of the ritualistic events, was explored. Adult female outpatients reporting childhood sexual abuse with ritualistic features were compared with a second group of women who reported childhood sexual abuse without ritualism. Measures included characteristics of childhood sexual and physical abuse, current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic status and symptom severity, and severity of current dissociative experiences. Women reporting ritualistic features scored significantly higher on measures of childhood sexual and physical abuse. Neither PTSD diagnostic status nor severity for PTSD nor dissociative experiences were significantly different between the groups. While preliminary in nature, these results suggest that it may be helpful to conceptualize reported childhood ritualistic abuse as indicative of the need to assess carefully for severe abuse and its predictable sequelae within existing traumatic victimization conceptual frameworks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Adverse psychological sequelae associated with total joint replacement surgery.

Although total joint replacement surgery is generally successful in pain relief and improved joint function, adverse psychological sequelae sometimes do occur. This report highlights potential problems associated with total joint replacement surgery and illustrates with brief cases from a referral hospital for arthritis patients. An appreciation of psychological factors can ensure patients' motivation to participate in the rehabilitative efforts after surgery, and thus enhance optimal results from the surgery.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Low dopamine-beta-hydroxylase: a biological sequela of abuse and neglect?

Twenty-one psychiatrically hospitalized boys were studied while off psychoactive medication to determine if conduct disorder, solitary type, and abuse or neglect experiences correlated with low levels of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity. Preliminary results supported earlier findings that undersocialized types of conduct disorder in boys were correlated with low DBH activity. Possible or definite neglect or abuse before 36 months of age was correlated with low DBH activity. Abuse or neglect was not correlated with low DBH activity when time of occurrence was not specified. Low serum DBH may be a biological sequela of seriously disrupted attachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Audiovestibular sequelae of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in 3 children presumably representing 3 symptomatically different types of delayed endolymphatic hydrops.

Three cases of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection with long-term audiovestibular sequelae are presented. Case 1 had no hearing in one ear and severe progressive hearing loss in the other ear; he showed vestibular symptoms at the age of 4.5 years. Case 2 had severe but stationary hearing loss in one ear and showed hearing impairment symptoms in the other ear at 9-13 years of age. Case 3 did not have hearing impairment symptoms, or vestibular symptoms, but was found to have severe progressive hearing loss from the age of 15 months onwards, which led to profound deafness at the age of 2 years and vestibular areflexia at or before the age of 4 years. These cases may represent 3 symptomatically different types of delayed endolabyrinthine hydrops. Type 1 (ipsilateral hydrops) incorporates vestibular symptoms only because of a lack of hearing in the offending labyrinth. Type 2 (contralateral hydrops) incorporates hearing impairment symptoms only because of a lack of vestibular function on both sides and type 3 does not incorporate hearing impairment symptoms or vestibular symptoms (other than those relating to a complete lack of function). Given the present findings, those described by Weiss and Ronis (Trans. Pa. Acad. Opthalmol. Otolaryngol., 30 (1977) 52-54) in one case and other reported findings relating to histopathological or imaging methods in somewhat similar cases, it seems appropriate to include congenital CMV infection in the differential diagnosis of delayed endolymphatic hydrops.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Myocardial infarction in a young adult due to Kawasaki disease. A case report and review of the late cardiological sequelae of Kawasaki disease.

Although Kawasaki disease is generally self-limiting, 15-25% of children with Kawasaki disease may develop significant cardiovascular sequelae, presentation may occur acutely or late (death has been reported up to 14 years after the acute illness). The most common late complication is the persistence of coronary artery aneurysms, these may produce myocardial ischaemia and even myocardial infarction, valvular dysfunction has also been reported. However the occurrence of late abnormalities of myocardial function is controversial. We describe a 24-year-old man who presented with myocardial infarction as a result of coronary artery aneurysms caused by Kawasaki disease, he gave no recent or childhood history of prodromal illness compatible with Kawasaki disease. The diagnosis was confirmed at post mortem.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Accelerated fractionation in advanced head and neck cancer: results and analysis of late sequelae.

From 1975 to 1985, 161 patients affected by head and neck cancer (58 oropharynx, 67 oral cavity, 36 paranasal sinuses) were treated with radiotherapy using an accelerated fractionation (AF) schedule at the University and Hospital Radiotherapy Departments of Florence. Most cases, classified with U.I.C.C. and A.J.C. TNM (1978) were advanced (137/161 = 85%). Five-year actuarial local control and survival was 38% for the oropharynx, 18% and 20% for the oral cavity, and 38% and 31% for the paranasal sinuses. Results were analysed according to T and N stage as well. Severe late sequelae were evaluated in 53 patients without local disease and with a minimum follow-up of one year: 8 patients developed osteonecrosis; there were 3 cases of trismus, 2 cases of laryngeal oedema, one case of blindness and one case of ophthalmitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗