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PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal cord compression due to costal Echinococcus multilocularis.

We present computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a costal hydatid cyst (Echinococcus multilocularis) causing spinal cord compression. The hydatid disease was proved histologically. MRI was not only very useful for determining the spinal extension of the disease by its multiplanar imaging capability, but also gave important information about the texture of the cyst, thus aiding the preoperative diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Adaptive signal enhancement of somatosensory evoked potential for spinal cord compression detection: an experimental study.

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of adaptive signal enhancement (ASE) as a means of indicating intraoperative spinal cord impingement. ASE technique was used to determine the changes in the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) elicited from eighteen rats with varying levels of spinal cord compression. ASE technique was found to be able to effectively extract SEP signals for the detection of spinal cord injury. Furthermore, while the traditional ensemble averaging (EA) technique requires more than 500 trials for meaningful signal processing in severe noisy SEP recordings, the ASE method required only 50 trials to provide similar information. Because of its fast and reliable SEP detection, the ASE method is ideal for spinal cord monitoring in the clinical setting.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Anterior decompression and stabilization of the spine as a treatment for vertebral collapse and spinal cord compression from metastatic malignancy.

During a ten-year period, 77 patients with spinal instability caused by metastatic pathologic fractures of one or more vertebrae were treated with anterior decompression and stabilization by replacement of the affected vertebral bodies with methylmethacrylate, polymerizing in situ, augmented by Knodt distraction rods positioned anteriorly. No postoperative external support was required, and the fixation achieved by this method was not affected adversely by subsequent irradiation at a mean of 4020 rads. Sixty-two patients had major neurologic impairments preoperatively and required spinal cord and/or nerve root decompression anteriorly prior to fixation. Of these, 26 had complete neurologic recovery postoperatively, 16 others improved significantly, 20 remained unchanged, and one patient deteriorated neurologically. Five patients suffered failures of fixation, although two were successfully restabilized after a second operation. The remaining 72 patients enjoyed good or excellent resolution of spine pain postoperatively, and, in patients surviving their underlying malignancies, stability did not deteriorate during the follow-up period ranging from 42 to 146 months. Six patients developed spinal instability from tumor lysis at a different level between five and 95 months postoperatively. All were treated with successful decompression and stabilization. There was one wound infection among the 83 anterior stabilization procedures. However, three of the six patients requiring secondary posterior stabilization suffered wound dehiscences, and three of these became infected.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacodynamics of phenobarbital anesthesia and pentylenetetrazol-induced maximal seizures in a rat model of neoplastic spinal cord compression.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether paraplegia induced by neoplastic cord compression affects the pharmacodynamics of phenobarbital general anesthesia or of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced convulsions. Paraplegic rats harboring a thoracolumbar epidural tumor, or an identical hindlimb tumor mass, received an i.v. infusion of phenobarbital until the onset of anesthesia. At that point, the phenobarbital concentrations in the CSF and serum were measured. Similarly, PTZ was infused until the onset of maximal seizures. It was found that changes related to systemic tumor growth and newly developed paraplegia due to neoplastic spinal cord compression did not attenuate the pharmacodynamics of phenobarbital. However, sustained paraplegia of 4 days' duration reduced CNS sensitivity to the hypnotic action of the barbiturate as evidenced by the higher cerebrospinal fluid phenobarbital concentration required to induce anesthesia (170 +/- 31 vs 125 +/- 20 mg/L; P < 0.05). On the other hand, sustained paraplegia did not affect brain threshold concentration for PTZ-induced seizures.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2003

[Osteoporotic vertebral fracture with spinal cord compression].

Osteoporotic vertebral fractures with neurologic complications are rarely reported in the literature. We report a case of a 66-year-old woman who developed an osteoporotic fracture of T6 followed one month later by spinal cord compression without aseptic vertebral osteonecrosis. Diagnosis is based on magnetic resonance imaging and examination of vertebral biopsy specimens. After reviewing the literature, we stress some features: the osteoporotic vertebral fractures does not have any particularity compared to the uncomplicated form; the neurological complication occurs progressively and belatedly; the usual mechanism is the recoil of one of posterior vertebral corners.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Sunitinib relieves renal cell carcinoma spinal cord compression.

A 66-year-old previously healthy female was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastic to the 4th, 6th and 12th thoracic vertebrae. Despite external beam radiotheraphy (20G in 5 fractions), she progressed to spinal cord compression within 4 weeks and was wheelchair bound. Radiation and surgery were not considered suitable, but sunitinib was initiated. After two 6-week sunitinib cycles, she is fully ambulatory. She reports grade I fatigue and occasional epistaxis, as sole side effects. This case demonstrates that despite the rapid progression of the disease, which escaped the effect of radiation within four weeks, sunitinib resulted in complete clinical symptom resolution, which was confirmed radiographically. Moreover, it appears that the novel therapies for metastatic RCC may restore quality and quantity of life to many of those, whose disease previously appeared too advanced to treat.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Neuroblastoma in an adult causing spinal cord compression: report of a case and review of the literature.

Adult neuroblastoma (ANB) is an uncommon malignancy, there being only 42 reported cases in the world literature. The purpose of this report is to present a case of ANB with spinal cord compression by an intraspinal component, and review methods of diagnosis and treatment. NB is one of the most frequent childhood malignancies (90% of the patients are less than 10 years old) and both pathologists and clinicians tend to exclude it from differential diagnosis when the patient is an adult. When the tumour is located in the paraspinal region, local extension through the intervertebral foramen into the spinal canal can occur in a dumbbell fashion, a pattern of growth first described by Weber in 1856.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Intradural metastatic spinal cord compression from ACTH-secreting pituitary carcinoma.

Pituitary carcinomas are uncommon and intradural metastatic spread to the spine is rarer still. We describe a 27-year old man with metastatic spinal cord compression from an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) cell pituitary carcinoma, 16 years following the initial presentation. He had three previous resections of the pituitary tumour and post-operative radiotherapy. The intradural, extramedullary spinal metastases causing thoracic and lumbar cord compression were excised, with neurological improvement. Spinal metastases in pituitary carcinoma are uncommon, but aggressive surgical resection of the spinal metastases produces good symptomatic relief.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Acute myeloid leukemia presenting as spinal cord compression.

We report the findings of a 10-year-old boy who presented to a pediatric emergency department with symptoms of spinal cord compression. Radiological imaging demonstrated multiple soft tissue masses in the head and spine. The surgical pathology showed that the masses were comprised of myeloid leukemia cells. These findings were consistent with those observed on bone marrow aspiration. The characteristics and management of extramedullary leukemia are discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗