Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Social Problems”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Social problems of women leprosy patients--a study conducted at 2 urban leprosy centres in Delhi.

Leprosy seems to afflict women less commonly than men, but for cultural reasons this difference may be more apparent than real. Unfortunately, the effects are as equally devastating, if not more so, in women than in men. This study, carried out at the Urban Leprosy Centres of Safdarjung Hospital and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital in Delhi, showed that the impact of stigmata attached to leprosy had more effect on educated women belonging to a higher socioeconomic group than on less fortunate women. Discriminative attitudes were more common in joint than nuclear families. Although many got support from their families, the disease had definite psychological effects. Because of the fear of infecting the family members, women sufferers kept themselves aloof and were constantly worried about divorce. Fear of social ostracism prevented the disclosure of disease to the community. Deformities and disabilities led to a deterioration in their functional capabilities and their psychological state of mind. Pregnancy did not affect regularity of treatment. Many women needed an escort to attend the clinic. Solutions to minimize some problems have been suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Social problems associated with ADHD vs. ODD in children referred for friendship problems.

Four groups were composed of children referred for friendship problems (age range: 6 to 12 years old). One group was diagnosed with both Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD), one group with ADHD only, one group with ODD only and one group with neither disorder. Parents and teachers were given questionnaires to rate the social behavior of each child. The groups differed significantly on one parent scale (Self-control) and one teacher scale (Aggression). Inspection of the items composing these scales suggested that some items measured social relationships with adults while other items measured peer relationships. Subsequent factor analysis separated peer and adult components. Analysis of subscales derived from factor analysis revealed the diagnosis of ADHD was associated with increases in classroom disruption and decreased resistance to provocation by peers, while the diagnosis of ODD was associated with increased in hostility towards peers, decreased resistance to provocation by peers and decreased respect for adults. Limitations of the study were: domains of social functioning assessed, sample size and diversity, and the absence of a comparison group with adequate peer relationships. Social skills programs should target social deficits associated with ODD and ADHD. The scales refined in the present study offer a convenient means of assessing peer dysfunction from the points of view of parents and teachers.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

Psychological and social problems encountered in active treatment of chronic uraemia. II. The living donor.

Sixty-four kidney donors have been interviewed by a psychiatrist and given the Rorschach test 6 months-6 years after the transplantation. Twenty-three of these donors were also interviewed before the operation. In addition, each case was studied in detail at a case conference. On the basis of the data thus obtained, an analysis was made of the central dynamics of the donors' personalities, of how they had experienced the donation, and of how they had adapted to it. No psychic trauma was observed in 20 of the subjects, and in 5 of these the operation had apparently had a beneficial effect on their psychic well-being. That no trauma was observed in 8 additional donors was due largely to the effects of a multitude of other traumatic life experiences. Mild trauma had been experienced by 24 donors and moderate to severe by 12. In our study, the donation of a kidney to a sibling turned out to be more traumatic than the donation to a child, and a transplantation with an unsuccessful outcome was more often associated with psychic trauma to the donor than was a donation with a successful outcome. Psycho-social factors that substantially lessened the likelihood of trauma were: good inner resources, flexible defence mechanisms, good mental health and mild compulsive traits. Factors that favoured traumatization were: poor living conditions, interpersonal problems, limited inner resources, low self-esteem (narcissistic problems) and severe psychic deviancy. The results clearly show 1) that potential donors ought to be given adequate time not only to consider their decision but also to prepare themselves for the actural donation, and 2) that supportive help should be offered, both before and after transplantation, to donors whose psycho-social profiles reveal them to be vulnerable to traumatization.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Cardiovascular diseases: a medical and social problem].

Cardiovascular diseases are still the most important cause of death in industrialized countries. In spite of enormous progress regarding prevention, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, coronary heart disease remains the most important cardiovascular cause for early invalidity, professional inactivity and premature death. The direct and indirect costs of cardiovascular diseases amount to 14.8% of total disease related costs. The future challenges are clear: this disease group is to a large extent preventable; efficient intervention models both on an individual and on a community level are available. Still, some more research on etiology, e.g. in relation to social class gradients is needed. In addition, the disease and its role within society and the health care structure should also be subject to research.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1977

[The medico-social problem of rheumatic valve disease in Sicily].

The incidence of rheumatism and rheumatic valvulopathy in Sicily is assessed and the sites most commonly involved in the first and second attacks described. The medical aspects of te question are examined from several points of view: prophylaxis of sites, medical treatment personal and ambient hygiene, gradual defectiveness of the pump, associated diseases, etc. The concept of invalidity is viewed in terms of direct and associated anatomical damage and frank and potential invalidity (absolute or relative), the weight or assistance attributable to the family and the incidence of the local social environment in the question of finding work, etc. The basic criteria for surgery are noted. Care must be taken to preserve the few remaining structures. Mortality is still high and the incidence of heart disease is higher among rheumatic Sicilian children. Not enough is known about overcrowding, the schools attended by the poor, and the higher incidence in low-income classes. Failure to affront some of these features, determined as much by action (or its postponement) by government as by income, results in meaningless medicine, divorced from social reform and true the scientific spirit, a cover for special interests and a demonstration of profit factors wherein the commercialising relationship is increasingly evident.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1988

Arsenic poisoning. Ongoing diagnostic and social problem.

Arsenic, commonly found in insecticides, herbicides, and industrial materials, is involved in the majority of heavy metal poisonings reported in the United States. Accidental poisoning appears to be most common in the pediatric age-group, whereas intentional and covert poisonings predominate in adults. Diagnosis is often difficult. The clinical presentations of arsenic poisoning, both acute and chronic types, represent a wide spectrum, largely dependent on route of exposure, chemical form, and dose. Because the patient or others providing the history may suppress information on exposure and because toxic levels of arsenic in the system drop rapidly in the first 24 hours, swift administration of diagnostic tests is important. Physician follow-up is determined by the route of exposure to arsenic and may involve referral to a social service network or a mental health facility.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1986

[Social problems and rehabilitation of the Parkinson patient].

The rehabilitation of parkinson patients is being discussed with the legal situation in mind. Summing up we can say: Drug therapy as the most important part of medical rehabilitation has achieved a high standard. Further information and education may help in keeping and advancing the standard. It could be a task not only for the Austrian Parkinson Society and self-help groups yet to be founded, and one well worth supporting, to establish programs and recommendations for adequate physio- and physico-therapy, in general and especially with regard to sanatoriums. This should also include in patient rehabilitation in special institutions or special departments within existing rehabilitation centers and clinics as well as promoting follow-up treatment. Patient clubs and self-help groups could considerably contribute to vocational and social rehabilitation.

Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMed2005

Rib fractures in chronic alcoholic men: Relationship with feeding habits, social problems, malnutrition, bone alterations, and liver dysfunction.

Rib fractures are common in alcoholics. This high prevalence might be due to ethanol-associated malnutrition, bone disease, liver dysfunction, or the peculiar lifestyle of the alcoholic with frequent trauma and altercations. In this study we try to discern the role of these factors on rib fracture (assessed on a plain thoracic X-ray film) in 81 consecutive alcoholic patients, 25 of them cirrhotics. Serum albumin, prothrombin aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen, osteocalcin, insulin growth factor 1, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, estradiol, free testosterone, and corticosterone were measured, and the patients also underwent assessment of bone mineral density by a HOLOGIC QDR-2000 bone densitometer (Waltham, MA, USA). Body mass index, triceps skinfold, and brachial perimeter were also determined, and the patients and their families were asked about tobacco consumption, social and familial links, consumption of ethanol by other members of the family, kind of job, and feeding habits. Forty-two male nondrinker sanitary workers of similar age served as controls. Forty of the 81 patients showed rib fractures. There was a statistically significant association between rib fractures and disruption of social and familial links, irregular feeding habits (in bars or pubs, not at home), ethanol consumption by close relatives, and intensity of tobacco consumption, but not between rib fractures and liver function tests, nutritional parameters, or bone mineral density, besides a nearly significant trend (p = .053) with the presence of osteopenia at the femoral neck. Patients with major withdrawal symptoms at admission also presented more frequent rib fractures. We conclude that rib fractures in alcoholics are related to the peculiar lifestyle of these patients rather than to bone alterations, liver dysfunction, or nutritional status.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1980

[Psychology, psychopathology and social problems of children with cystic fibrosis].

The authors examined 33 children aged 7 to 17 years who suffered from cystic fibrosis. This was possible in a holiday camp especially organized for such children. In two or more sessions different tests of performance and projection were made. Furthermore, case histories, the present physical state of the children, the observations of the nursing staff and the answers of the parents to a questionnaire were used as components of the examination. 27 children (88%) showed a moderate or severe psychoreactive disturbance directly related with the disease. There is a connection between the severity of the illness and the degree of the psychoreactive disturbance. 12 children (36%) showed a noticeable to severe psychoorganic disturbance of performance. All psychoorganically disturbed children suffered from a moderate or severe form of cystic fibrosis. 14 children (47%) suffered from further non specific psychoreactive disorders, partially with neurotic or psychosomatic symptoms which are without exception causally related to a disturbed social background. In any case, incidence and even severity of psychopathological findings in children with cystic fibrosis cannot be ignored and must be taken into consideration at the elaboration of a therapeutical plan. Holiday camps with full comprehensive care and control of the cystic fibrosis children are of great importance for them and their parents, especially with regard to the mental hygiene.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Social problems of porphyria].

Late consequences of the attacks of acute porphyrias were studied. Among 312 patients who were investigated the motor disability (neuropathy) was found in 9 patients, psychoneurological changes in 1 case and drug abuse in 7 subjects. In the group of 200 patients in remission (chosen at random) 72 persons (36%) received a disability pension. The existence of problems in change of the profession when it was necessary for health-reasons was marked. It was find that Dolargan (Pethidine) is too often applied to the patients in remission. It was made the warning that drug dependence will arise very easy in patients with porphyria.

Adult↗