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PubMed1975

The split ejaculate of the boar: contributions of the epididymides and seminal vesicles.

The epididymal and seminal vesicular contributions to split-ejaculate fractions from boars were analysed for sperm concentration, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), total-N, ethanol-soluble and insoluble N, citrate, zinc and haemagglutinin. The same components were also determined in epididymal plasma (EP), vesicular secretion (VS) and whole seminal plasma (SP). Isoelectric focusing of protein patterns was studied in the fractions. With the exception of haemagglutinin, the components were present to a major extent in either VS or EP and in lower concentrations in the other secretion. The parameters in VS or EP were positively correlated among themselves and negatively correlated with most of the parameters of the other fluid. The correlation coefficients were not significant in all cases for individual animals, but the degree of significance was greater for the over-all correlations. The EP components were mainly secreted in the first three or four fractions, but occasionally from fraction four onwards. Those of VS were emitted during the entire ejaculation, the maximum occurring in the sperm-rich fraction or the immediately succeeding fraction. The first fractions were devoid of VS components in only one case. The majority of the EP proteins could be identified electrophoretically in the sperm-rich fractions, but the protein patterns in the other fractions were similar to those of VS. The results are discussed and compared with previous findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Seminalplasmin, the major basic protein of bull seminal plasma, is a secretory protein of the seminal vesicles.

From the experimental results of three independent methods: (1) indirect immunofluorescence employing monospecific anti-seminalplasmin-IgGs, (2) cell-free translation of poly(A)+ RNA from seminal vesicle and testicular tissue, as well as (3) Northern analysis of poly(A)+ RNA of the latter tissues with a synthetic seminalplasmin-specific antisense DNA probe, it is concluded that the biosynthesis of seminalplasmin occurs in seminal vesicles but not in testis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Subcellular location of androgen receptor in rat prostate, seminal vesicle and human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.

Location of the androgen receptor (AR) before and after dihydrotestosterone (DHT) administration was studied in 6 castrated and 2 normal male rats, as well as in MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell culture. Two days after castration, rats were injected with DHT and sacrificed 0, 6 and 24 h later. Cryosections of ventral prostate and seminal vesicle were stained with a polyclonal anti-AR antibody. Cultured MG-63 cells were also stained similarly. The intensity of immunoreaction was measured semiquantitatively by computer-assisted image analysis. In both normal and castrated rats, a positive reaction was seen mainly in the nuclei of epithelial cells and stromal cells of the prostate and seminal vesicle, as well as in those of smooth muscle cells of the seminal vesicle. AR immunoreactivity was up-regulated by DHT, it decreased clearly in both organs after castration. Nuclear AR and its up-regulation by androgen were also seen in MG-63 cells. At the immunoelectron microscopy, silver enhanced gold particles were predominantly found in the heterochromatin of cell nuclei. Treatment with DHT caused a decondensation of the heterochromatin and AR was more dispersed. Thus, AR appears to be nuclear independently of the ligand.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Fertilizing capacity of the ejaculate of nutria (Myocastor coypus) after the removal of the seminal vesicles as evaluated by the penetration test and natural mating].

The fertility of male coypu sperm following seminal vesicle extirpation was investigated using the penetration test into the egg of Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). Ejaculates were obtained from five males by means of electro-ejaculation under halothane narcosis. The results of the zona-free hamster eggs (ZFHE) penetration test showed that the ejaculates of all the surgically treated coypu males were fertile and that ZFHE value fluctuated from 54 to 76.6%. The results obtained in experiments with natural mating revealed that the extirpation of male coypu seminal vesicles did not affect their fertility. In total 47 foetuses were found post mortem in ten coypu females covered by surgically treated males, which on average represented 4.7 foetuses per female.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Seminal vesicles: a source of trophoblast lymphocyte cross-reactive antigen.

Maternal recognition of allotypic trophoblast lymphocyte cross-reactive (TLX) antigens is proposed to be involved in immunologic acceptance of the allogeneic fetus. The presence of TLX antigens in seminal plasma suggests that sensitization can occur before fertilization and implantation. In this study, the origin of TLX antigens within the male reproductive tract was investigated. Analysis of split ejaculates and immunohistological examinations of male accessory gland tissues showed the luminal epithelium of seminal vesicles as the source of seminal plasma TLX antigens. This finding suggests that seminal vesicles may play a role in the immunology of human reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The androgen-dependent mouse seminal vesicle secretory protein of 99 amino acids (MSVSP99): regulation of the mRNA and preliminary characterization of the promoter.

MSVSP99 (mouse seminal vesicle secretory protein of 99 amino acids) is a member of the rat and mouse seminal vesicle secretory protein (SVS) family. In order to characterize its androgenic regulation, the cloned cDNA and gene encoding MSVSP99 have been used. At adulthood, the MSVSP99 mRNA represents from 3 to 7% of the total mRNA population. This mRNA accumulation is under androgenic control because it is abolished by castration and restored in castrated mice by heptylate testosterone injection. During ontogenesis, MSVSP99 mRNA is just detectable in 10-day-old mice, and reaches adult levels at 30 days. Neonatal castration abolishes MSVSP99 mRNA accumulation in 20-day-old mice. Transcription elongation assays show that androgens act mainly on the MSVSP99 gene transcription. In an attempt to obtain information about the mechanism of androgen action on transcription, preliminary transient transfection experiments in CV-1 cells permitted us to define a promoter region (-387/ + 16), the activity of which is enhanced by dihydrotestosterone.

Androgens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic features of seminal vesicle epithelium in aspiration biopsy smears of the prostate.

To determine the rate of occurrence of cells derived from seminal vesicles in routine needle aspirates of the prostate, the smears of 853 aspirates were reviewed. The cytologic features of cells originating from the seminal vesicles were described using air-dried smears stained by the May-Grünwald-Giemsa method. The differential diagnosis with malignancy is discussed.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1994

Ultra high field NMR spectroscopic studies on human seminal fluid, seminal vesicle and prostatic secretions.

Ultra high field 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods have been used to analyse the composition of seminal fluid and its component secretions, prostatic and seminal vesicle fluids from normal human subjects and those with vasal aplasia and non-obstructive infertility. The 1H-NMR spectrum of whole seminal fluid is extremely complex and many resonances are extensively overlapped in single pulse spectra even when measured at 600 or 750 MHz 1H resonance frequency. A combination of 2-D 1H-NMR methods (including J-Resolved and various 1H homonuclear correlation and 1H-13C heteronuclear correlation techniques) were applied at 600 or 750 MHz in order to extensively assign the signals from the organic components of seminal fluid. Prostatic fluid (PF) gives a much less complex metabolite profile than whole seminal fluid and can be completely analysed using 500 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The 1H-NMR spectra of prostatic fluid are dominated by signals from citrate, spermine and myo-inositol, whereas the spectra of seminal vesicle fluid (SVF) show extensively overlapped signals from complex peptide mixtures together with strong signals for glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and lactate. Whole seminal fluid is a combination of the PF and SVF constituents together with further substances that appear after mixing due to the operation of PF enzymes on SVF, e.g. peptidase activity causes rapid cleavage of peptides to amino acids and GPC is hydrolysed to choline, glycerol and inorganic phosphate. It is also shown that vasal aplasia leads to highly characteristic abnormal metabolite profiles in seminal fluid that can be readily observed in single-pulse 500 and 600 MHz 1H-NMR spectra. Measurement of the molar citrate to choline, or spermine to choline ratios in seminal fluid both show differences of 2 orders of magnitude between vasal aplasia (greater for both ratios) and non-obstructed infertile patients. This work gives an indication of the potential of high field 1H-NMR spectroscopy in the investigation and assessment of the secretory functions of the male genital tract and the evaluation of the infertile male subject.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1994

Serine protease activity in boar seminal vesicles and its immunological similarity to sperm acrosin.

A mouse monoclonal antibody against boar acrosin and antiserum prepared to highly purified acrosin in female rabbits were used to detect the antigen in various fluids and tissues of boars using an indirect immunofluorescence technique. A strong reaction was found in fluid and epithelial tissue of the seminal vesicles as well as in the germinal cells in the testis. No immunoreactivity was detected in tissues of the epididymides and other organs of the boar. The antigens present in seminal vesicle fluid of boars were partially purified by column chromatography. It was demonstrated that two antigens differing in molecular mass were present and both possessed protease and amidase activity. The higher molecular mass antigen eluted from a gel filtration column in a volume identical to that of proacrosin. The same result was obtained in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE). The low molecular mass antigen was eluted from Sephadex G-75 column together with natural protease inhibitors corresponding in molecular mass to less than 20 kDa. The mobility of the antigen in SDS-PAGE was greater than that of chymotrypsin. It is assumed that the protease from seminal vesicle epithelial resembled acrosin in structure and function. Acrosin may therefore not be specific for spermatozoa.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of orciprenaline on the responses to Ca, K, acetylcholine and Ba in the isolated seminal vesicles of guinea pigs, especially in relation to cyclic AMP (author's transl)].

By using the isolated seminal vesicles of guinea pigs, the effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP and beta-stimulant, orciprenaline, on the responses to Ca, K, acetylcholine and Ba were investigated, especially in relation to cyclic AMP. The following results were obtained. 1. Orciprenaline inhibited the contraction produced by Ca, K, acetylcholine and Ba in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibition became larger in the order of Ca, K, acetylcholine and Ba. 2. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP showed the same results as those of orciprenaline. That is, dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibited the contractions produced by acetylcholine and Ba. 3. Orciprenaline showed the increased level of cyclic AMP in a dose-dependent manner. But the increase was not remarkable in the concentration in which the contractions produced by the tested contractile agents were inhibited by about 50%. From these results, the following suggestions were obtained; (1) there exists beta-receptor in guinea pig seminal vesicles and (2) a part of actions of orciprenaline is due to a mechanism unrelated to cyclic AMP.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Vesiculographic findings in cysts of the seminal vesicle.

Vasoseminal vesiculography showed medial displacement and stretching of the ampulla of the vas deferens in 3 patients with cysts of the seminal vesicle. In 2 a nonopacified mass separated the ampulla from the ipsilateral seminal vesicle. All 3 patients were managed without surgical intervention. If such a vesiculographic pattern is seen in a patient with a paraprostatic mass, the contents of the mass should be aspirated and contrast material injected to document its cystic nature.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Characterization and partial purification of androgen receptors from ram seminal vesicles.

An androgen receptor has been demonstrated in the cytosol and in the nuclear fraction of ram seminal vesicles. The cytosol receptor was stabilized by sodium molybdate and 2 distinct [3H]methyltrienolone-binding proteins, one sedimenting at 9S and one sedimenting at 3S, could be demonstrated by sucrose-gradient centrifugation in the presence of 50 mM molybdate. The slower sedimenting form could be partially purified by ADP-sepharose chromatography. The purified receptor still sedimented at 3S after centrifugation on sucrose gradients containing either 0.6 M KCl or 50 mM molybdate. The receptor was destroyed by heating at 50 degrees C for 30 min and its complex with [3H]methyltrienolone dissociated slowly at low temperatures. The apparent equilibrium-dissociation constant (KD) for the purified receptor was: 3.8 x 10(-10) M. The relative affinities for different steroids decreased in the following sequence: 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone greater than or equal to methyltrienolone greater than testosterone much greater than estradiol greater than R5020 greater than progesterone greater than diethylstilbestrol. The nuclear androgen receptor sedimented at 3S on sucrose gradients containing 0.6 M KCl. At pH 7.4 it behaved as an acidic protein with an electrophoretic mobility towards the anodic region of the agar gel. Because of the relatively large content of cytoplasmic and nuclear androgen receptors and the availability of large amounts of tissue the ram seminal vesicles could be a suitable source for large-scale purification of these receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Dopamine contracts the rat isolated seminal vesicle by activation of postjunctional alpha-1-adrenoceptors.

The contractile effect of dopamine in the rat isolated seminal vesicle was investigated to determine the nature of the receptors involved. Noradrenaline (NA; 10(-8) to 10(-4) mol/l), phenylephrine (PE; 10(-7) to 10(-4) mol/l) and dopamine (DA; 10(-5) to 10(-2) mol/l) produced concentration-dependent contractions with no sign of tachyphylaxis. The relative potencies of NA:PE:DA derived from their EC50 values were 1:0.23:0.01. However, while NA and PE produced similar maximal contractions, the Emax obtained with DA was significantly less (intrinsic activity = 0.066). Depletion of tissue catecholamine stores by pretreating rats with reserpine did not significantly influence the responses of the seminal vesicle to DA or PE. Moreover, cocaine (10(-5) mol/l) did not significantly affect the course of the concentration-response curve to DA. Prazosin (10(-9) to 10(-8) mol/l), phentolamine (10(-7) to 10(-6) mol/l), haloperidol (10(-7) to 10(-6) mol/l) and yohimbine (10(-6) to 10(-5) mol/l) all produced a rightward displacement of the concentration-response curves for the agonists. The Arunlakshana and Schild plots of the data were linear and had slopes not significantly different from unity. The potency estimates obtained for each antagonist were always similar irrespective of the agonist used. The order of potency of the antagonists was: prazosin > phentolamine > haloperidol > yohimbine. In addition, phenoxybenzamine (10(-8) mol/l) produced a rightward shift of the concentration-response curves for both NA and DA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1972

An investigation of spontaneous potentials recorded from the smooth-muscle cells of the guinea-pig seminal vesicle.

1. A spontaneous discharge of small potentials from smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig seminal vesicle has been described. The mean amplitude, frequency and duration of the potentials were 0.9 mV, 12.2/min, and 92 msec, respectively. Occasionally, large potentials of 5-7 mV were recorded.2. The frequency of spontaneous potentials was enhanced by about twofold in 15 mM potassium-Krebs solution. Removal of calcium from the perfusing solution, or adding excess magnesium (12 mM) suppressed the rate of these potentials. Cobalt (2.5 mM) did not affect them but blocked excitatory junction potentials evoked by the hypogastric nerve stimulation.3. The spontaneous potentials were unaffected by atropine. Their rate and amplitude were reversibly reduced in the presence of high concentrations of phentolamine (10(-4) but not by 10(-5) g/ml.). Guanethidine enhanced the frequency initially (5 min), but subsequently the control rate was not appreciably changed, even after 20 min of guanethidine perfusion.4. After post-ganglionic denervation or reserpine treatment, the frequency of discharge of spontaneous potentials was reduced, without any effect on amplitude.5. The properties of the spontaneous potentials recorded from the smooth muscle cells of the seminal vesicle are similar to those reported for the vas deferens. They appear to be due to an interaction between noradrenaline released from sympathetic nerve endings and the smooth-muscle cell membrane. Present experiments cannot completely rule out the possibility that another transmitter in addition to noradrenaline may be released at this neuroaffector junction.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2005

[Prostate and seminal vesicle displacement following urethrography: a computed tomography-based study].

PURPOSE: It has been suggested that urethrography used for localization of the prostate apex may cause a systematic cranial displacement of the organ. Our objective was to use CT-CT image registration to identify if a clinically relevant systematic shift occurs in the position of the prostate and seminal vesicles following retrograde urethrography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were scanned twice at the time of simulation. They were imaged supine, bladder empty. Scan resolution was 512x512 with 5 mm cuts. After the first CT sequence, with the patient still on the CT couch, an urethrogram was performed. The patients were then re-scanned. The image sets were registered through the use of external skin fiducials. A single author reviewed x, y and z-axis displacement. Z-axis motion of the prostate was also assessed by having three blinded radiation oncologists mark the cranial limit of the prostate on all 104 image sets. RESULTS: Fifty-two pairs of CT scans were analyzed for post-urethrogram organ displacement. The mean x axis displacement of the prostate was 0.016 mm (P=0.8), the mean y-axis displacement was 1.3 mm anterior (P<0.001). Mean z-axis displacement of the prostate, using the blinded assessments, was a 1.35 mm cranial shift (P<0.0001). Analogous shifts were identified for the seminal vesicles. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a small cranial and anterior displacement of the prostate and seminal vesicles following retrograde urethrography.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Seminal vesicle cyst presenting as rectal obstruction.

We report an unusual case of a pelvic mass arising from the seminal vesicle. A 45-year-old man presented with difficulty voiding and difficult bowel movements. Computed tomography demonstrated a large 14 x 10 x 15-cm cystic pelvic mass displacing the bladder anteriorly and the rectum posteriorly. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that this lesion appeared to be originating from the right seminal vesicle. On surgical exploration of the abdomen, a large cystic lesion in the posterior retroperitoneum was identified and removed. The patient improved, with restoration of normal bowel function.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Influence of thyroidectomy on glycolytic enzymes in seminal vesicles and ventral prostate.

The effect of thyroidectomy on phosphohexoseisomerase (PHI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of rats has been investigated. Following long term thyroidectomy the activities of PHI and LDH declined 28% and 40%, respectively, in the ventral prostate when compared to the values for normal rats. However, both PHI and LDH activities were elevated to 27% and 33%, respectively, in the seminal vesicles of thyroidectomized rats. The data reported in this communication are consonant with the view that an altered thyroid state may have a definite influence on androgen-regulated glycolytic enzyme activities in the male accessory organs, thereby indirectly affecting the secretory activities of these tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Interaction of proteins RSV IV and RSV V in rat seminal vesicle secretion.

The RSV IV polypeptide, molecular weight ratio (Mr = 10,000), which is produced by the rat seminal vesicle, has previously been suggested to be associated with another polypeptide in the gland secretion (Higgins et al., '76). This study provides that RSV IV is a component of a protein shown by immunoassays, electrophoresis, and amino acid composition analysis to contain, together with RSV IV, the seminal vesicle secretory RSV V polypeptide (Mr = 13,000). This RSV IV-RSV V complex (namely CFS protein) had an isoelectric point at pH 7.2 and an approximate molecular weight of 22,000 daltons. This complex inhibits the previously reported in vitro binding of the isolated RSV IV to epididymal sperm cells, thus suggesting a functional role for the RSV IV-RSV V interaction.

Amino Acids↗