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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Population pressure and land use change: from tree crops to sawah in Northwestern Kalimantan, Indonesia.

The author describes the role of population pressure in the current transition from tree crops to wet rice cultivation (sawah) in Northwestern Kalimantan, Indonesia. He contends that this change is occurring "because the senescent trees no longer produce enough commodities to exchange for rice to feed an enlarged population." The historical background is described, policies of the Indonesian government are discussed, and data are presented on the rate of population growth

Agriculture↗
PubMed1986

Syria.

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Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Latin America: population, food supply and agricultural dependency.

The relationships among population growth, food supply, and agricultural dependency in Latin America since World War II are examined. The author notes that in the recent past, population growth and agricultural growth have kept pace with each other. However, "most countries appear to be caught in a dilemma common to the underdeveloped world: either increasing emphasis on basic foodstuffs to satisfy a growing population and increased per capita demand for food or increasing output of export agricultural commodities in order to earn the necessary foreign exchange for imports and development."

Agriculture↗
PubMed1991

Hunger in Africa: problems of population growth and agricultural productivity.

The problem of hunger in Africa is examined using data from the U.N. Food and Agricultural Organization for the period 1960-1988. The author discusses the relationship between the continent's population growth, agricultural productivity, and environmental damage that have combined to decrease the average daily food intake per capita. He states that "in Africa...the population not only faces problems of uneven food distribution and suffers from the lack of purchasing power; the continent also is confronted by a widening gap between the capacity of its agriculture and the growth of its population. Put very bluntly, Africa is rapidly losing its ability to feed itself."

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Japan: population.

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Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Work, family, and women's status: considerations on the demand for children].

"This paper focuses on the changes in women's [status in Brazil] due to the transition from the regime of colonato to wage labor in Sao Paulo's agriculture. This analysis of the constraints on woman tries to uncover the different capacity of systems of labor organization to accomodate high fertility. It argues that the subordination to a pre-established [structure] makes it very difficult to combine female productive and reproductive roles." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Agriculture↗
PubMed2002

Effectiveness of the Responsible Social Values Program for 6th grade students in one rural school district.

The present study reports the effectiveness of an abstinence-based program (the Responsible Social Values Program) designed for 6th grade students in a rural school district. To assess whether this 6-hr. abstinence-based program changed students' knowledge of their sexual development during adolescence, attitudes toward early sexual involvement, intentions regarding sexual involvement, views related to expected consequences of being sexually involved, and views related to expected outcomes of being sexually involved, a pre-experimental one-group, pretest-posttest design was employed. Analysis indicated that the curriculum was effective in terms of improving scores for each of the constructs measured. Immediately after the 6-hr. program, more students stated that they planned to avoid having sex until marriage (70%) than prior to the program (50%). Replication with a control group and longer term follow-up testing is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Correlations between intestinal parasitosis, physical growth, and psychomotor development among infants and children from rural Nicaragua.

The correlations between malnutrition, parasitosis (especially helminth infections), and child development are complex, and studies of these interrelationships will allow health agencies to maximize screening and intervention strategies for developing countries. We examined these correlations in a cross-sectional program in Carazo State, Nicaragua. Nine hundred sixty-one children in two age strata (ages 0-24 months and ages 2-10 years) from one urban and three rural communities were screened for intestinal parasites (direct smear and ZnSO4 flotation), malnutrition, and developmental delays. Nutritional status was determined as weight-for-age (WFA), weight-for-height (WFH), and height-for-age (HFA). Developmental status (normal, suspect) was determined for the four subtests of the Denver II Screening Test. The prevalence of malnutrition was 14.6% (WFA), 8.4% (WFH), and 36.3% (HFA). Parasitosis was more prevalent in children less than 24 months of age with low HFA, whereas in older children low WFA was more closely associated with parasitic infections. Ascaris and Trichuris were more prevalent in malnourished children. On the Denver II, suspect test results in all four categories (language, social, gross motor, and fine motor) were associated with low WFA, and suspect language tests were associated with both intestinal parasites (P = 0.0003) and Ascaris infection in particular (P = 0.044). Developmental disabilities are a significant and frequently undetected health problem in developing countries, and malnutrition associated with intestinal helminth infections may be an important contributory factor for these disabilities.

Body Height↗
PubMed1997

A regional profile of suicide in Queensland.

A regional profile of suicide in Queensland follows on from earlier work which failed to find urban-rural differences in suicide rates. Suicide rates were higher in the north of the state and lower in the more developed south Rural Queensland health regions displayed both the lowest (Darling Downs and Mackay) and the highest (Peninsula) suicide rates. Socioeconomic factors correlated with these differences in some regions. Suicide rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, especially the young, were high, and may have contributed to elevated suicide rates in northern Queensland, but the numbers were insufficient to account for observed differences.

Adolescent↗