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PubMedDate not supplied

[Pituitary study in benign intracranial hypertension].

Pituitary function studies were performed on 20 patients with benign intracranial hypertension. Abnormal results were only obtained in six cases and all of these findings could be attributed to sources other than the increased intracranial pressure. Once the disease as well as its cause had disappeared, a second study was carried out and the results for all the patients were then normal. Computerized tomographic scanning of the sella turcica detected an empty sella in one patient and a possible hypophyseal microadenoma without functional repercussions in another. No evidence was found that benign intracranial hypertension is provoked by an impairment in pituitary function, nor that it could be a secondary complication thereof.

Empty Sella Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Pituitary apoplexy: analysis of endocrine function in 17 cases].

BACKGROUND: From a neurological standpoint, pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a well defined syndrome. There are few systematic studies addressing pituitary hormone secretion after a PA episode. The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency and degree of endocrine dysfunction due to PA. METHODS: In 17 consecutive patients, the secretion of growth hormone (GH), the pituitary-adrenal axis status, thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin and gonadotropins (LH, FSH) were evaluated after the administration of insulin, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LHRH) after an episode of PA. 20-90 days after surgery the measurements were repeated. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was measured by plasma/urine osmolality after water deprivation and, in some cases, by administration of hypertonic saline. RESULTS: The most commonly found deficiency was that of GH (84%), which in two cases resulted in cure of acromegaly, followed by that of LH (78%). Pituitary-adrenal dysfunction was improved in two patients after surgery. In all cases except one there was a reduced secretion of at least two hormones. If serum prolactin was reduced, the rest of pituitary function was usually impaired. In one case, permanent diabetes insipidus developed after PA. The prevalence of PA in pituitary adenomas was 9%. CONCLUSIONS: Pituitary hormone secretion after a PA episode is almost invariably impaired. This impairment may be reversed after surgery. Hypoprolactinemia is an indicator of pituitary hypofunction.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[The prolactin and TSH response to stimulation in patients with hypophyseal tumors].

The authors examined the prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) response to stimulation with chloropromazine and thyreoliberin in 10 patients with pituitary tumours. They observed a hypothalamic response instead of the expected pituitary response. These findings may be of importance for the understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of pituitary tumours. As we are able to influence nowadays some expansive pituitary processes by conservative treatment, these findings may in the near future be important in clinical practice.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1990

[Thyrotropin level and its reaction to thyroliberin in vibration pathology].

The article shows that radioimmunoassay detection of thyrotropin in human blood serum against the introduction of synthetic hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone, helps to specify vibration disease induced regulatory disorders in the hypothalamus--pituitary body system. Pituitary body thyrotropin secretion activation with concomitant thyroliberin induced decrease of thyrotropin indicates the limited adaptation within the system, and, either results from compensatory adaptative processes in the organism, or marks the initial stage of functional disorder.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1989

[Hypoglycemia and cholestatic jaundice in congenital panhypopituitarism].

The case of a female newborn who was first found to have severe recurrent hypoglycemia and then developed cholestasis with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is presented. No infectious diseases, metabolic defects, or disease of the hepatobiliary system were found. Endocrinological investigations revealed panhypopituitarism. Hypoplasia or aplasia of the pituitary was suspected. Cholestasis and hyperbilirubinemia must be seen in association with growth hormone and cortisol deficiency in the context of pathogenesis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

[Bioelectric activity of the brain in insulin-induced hypoglycemia in children with growth deficiency].

The somatotropin levels during insulin-induced hypoglycemia was assessed in 30 children with growth deficiency. The variation of glycemia and somatotropin activity were evaluated during 120-minutes recording of the bioelectric activity of the brain. In 90% of children generalized and paroxysmal abnormalities were found during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. The exacerbation of them was correlated with the maximal decrease of the glucose level. Early appearance of the abnormal EEG findings after the administration of insulin and the significant intensity of them was more common in younger children with marked growth deficiency and low somatotropin activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pituitary reserve of growth hormone in adolescent patients with cerebral palsy and mental retardation].

The pituitary reserve of growth hormone (GH) was studied in 11 severely handicapped boys (14 approximately 18 years old) with mental retardation and cerebral palsy (CP); athetotic type 4 cases, and spastic type 7 cases. Serum GH was determined before and after intravenous injection of 1 ng/kg growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) or oral administration of 0.1 mg/m2 clonidine. The athetotic type patients showed low somatomedin C (Sm C) concentrations (0.31 +/- 0.11 U/ml), poor responses to clonidine, and good responses to GRF. The spastic type patients showed subnormal responses to GRF although their Sm C was normal (0.91 +/- 0.43 U/ml). Clinically, the stature was small, and the puberty was delayed in the former. The levels of plasma testosterone were significantly lower than those in the latter. It is concluded that athetotic type CP was associated with hypothalamic GRF deficiency and spastic type CP was associated with reduced pituitary reserve of GH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Functional status of the hypophysis in patients with chronic pancreatitis].

The blood concentration of pituitary hormones (corticotropin, somatotropin, thyrotropin and prolactin) was studied in 145 male patients with aggravation of chronic pancreatitis and in 15 healthy male subjects. The pre-treatment concentration of corticotropin, somatotropin and thyrotropin was markedly increased and the level of prolactin had a tendency to decrease. By the end of treatment the level of thyrotropin and prolactin was fully normalized, the content of corticotropin had a tendency to decrease and the concentration of somatotropin somewhat decreased but did not reach the normal values. Changes in the blood level of pituitary hormones were more pronounced in the severe course of the disease and also when the level of pancreatic enzymes and hormones in the blood was high.

Adolescent↗