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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Constrictive pericarditis from an embolized hypodermic needle: radiographic, CT and MR imaging findings.

We present the radiographic, computed tomographic (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) findings in a woman with constrictive pericarditis due to an embolized hypodermic needle. The chest films revealed pleural effusions but no foreign body. The CT showed pericardial thickening and a linear foreign body of metallic attenuation in the right ventricular apex, and MR imaging revealed a signal void with magnetic susceptibility artifact. This case illustrates the capabilities and limitations of CT and MR imaging in hypodermic needle-induced constrictive pericarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Constrictive pericarditis post allogeneic bone marrow transplant for Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

We describe two cases of severe constrictive pericarditis arising after allogeneic BMT conditioning involving total body irradiation and melphalan to treat Philadelphia-chromosome positive ALL. Both patients required pericardectomy, resulting in marked improvement in ventricular filling. However, a degree of right-sided cardiac failure persisted in both patients secondary to restrictive cardiomyopathy. Constrictive pericarditis has not been previously described after BMT, but has been observed following thoracic radiotherapy for malignancy, usually involving a substantially higher radiation dose. Pericardial constriction and restrictive cardiomyopathy should be considered as causes of breathlessness and/or oedema occurring late after BMT. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 25, 571-573.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Myositis, polyserositis with a large pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis as manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease after non-myeloablative peripheral stem cell transplantation and subsequent donor lymphocyte infusion.

The clinical features of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) following a non-myeloablative peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplant may differ from those that occur after a conventional allograft. We describe a man with Hodgkin's disease refractory to chemotherapy and radiotherapy who was transplanted from an HLA-identical brother, who developed cGVHD characterised, in particular, by polymyositis, polyserositis with a large pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis, 1 month after donor lymphocyte infusion for relapsed disease. Constrictive pericarditis has not been previously reported after a conventional allograft, and none of these features have been reported after a non-myeloablative transplant. The course of cGVHD necessitated potent immunosuppression leading to the presumed loss of graft-versus-lymphoma (GVL) effect.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A case of refractory bilateral pleural effusion due to post-irradiation constrictive pericarditis.

A 51-year-old woman suffering from dyspnoea and refractory bilateral pleural effusions is discussed. The effusion was characterized as a transudate and cardiac decompensation and renal insufficiency were initially suspected. Diuretic agents were not effective and the patient required bilateral chest water-sealed drainage tubes for 4 months, after exclusion of neoplastic infiltration, collagen disease and other cardiac disorders. On echocardiogram, cardiac function and other findings were almost normal, except for shortening of deceleration time in transmitral flow velocity. To evaluate the reduced diastolic compliance, cardiac catheterization was performed, and revealed an elevated pressure in the right ventricle with a dip-and-plateau pattern, and constrictive pericarditis was diagnosed. The hydrothorax resolved after pericardiectomy and symptoms were alleviated. Three and a half years after surgery, the patient is well and taking only oral diuretics. The underlying mechanism of cardiac disorder appears to have been mixed restriction and constriction due to irradiation of her chest for breast cancer 13 years ago. Because the echocardiogram was within normal limits, the diagnosis was delayed. Radiation-induced constrictive pericarditis should be considered if there is an unexplained transudate effusion with a normal echocardiogram.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2002

Constrictive pericarditis localized to left ventricle presented with left pleural effusion: a case report.

An 18-year old woman presented with progressive dyspnea and cough. Physical examination revealed decreased breath sounds at the left hemithorax and distant heart sounds with no murmurs or rub. Electrocardiogram revealed low voltage. Chest X-ray showed unilateral left-sided pleural effusion with no cardiomegaly. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed thickened pericardium localized throughout the left ventricle impairing the diastolic filling. Doppler waveforms were suggestive of localized constrictive pericarditis. A computerized tomographic scan of the chest confirmed the presence of unilateral pleural effusion with thickened pericardium surrounding the left ventricle. The patient's symptoms and signs were related to localized constrictive pericarditis and improved following surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Constrictive pericarditis--a differential diagnosis in therapy refractory ascites].

HISTORY AND FINDINGS: A 62-year-old woman with refractory ascites and histologically proven liver cirrhosis was admitted for implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS). Another 44-year-old man presented for evaluation of a liver disease of unknown origin with refractory ascites. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: In both patients abdominal ultrasound showed a dilatation of the inferior caval vein and the liver veins. There was no splenomegaly present. In the side projection of the chest X-ray major calcifications of the pericardium were found pointing to the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. Diagnosis was proven by combined left and right heart catheterization demonstrating diastolic dip-plateau-phenomenon. The women was treated successfully by pericardiectomy. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with refractory ascites, dilated jugular veins and dilated liver veins constrictive pericarditis must be suspected. Pericardial calcifications in chest X-ray often given further evidence for the diagnosis which helps to avoid further evaluation of a primary liver disease. The treatment of choice is early surgical pericardiectomy, whereas shunt procedures are not indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Constrictive pericarditis caused by an old hematoma.

A 46-year-old woman was admitted for surgery after diagnosis of a constrictive pericarditis. She had suffered from acute pericarditis and undergone pericardiocentesis to relieve pericardial effusion several times 10 years previously. Cardiac catheterization showed elevated mean right-atrial and pulmonary wedge pressures. Chest CT revealed only a calcified mass in the retrosternal space. At surgery, there was no severe adhesion between the pericardium and the epicardium, and the pericardium was thin and almost normal except over the right artio-ventricular groove, where a hard mass with an atheromatous content adhered to the epicardium. After resection of the mass, central venous pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure decreased. The mass was found to be an old hematoma by pathological examination. The patient was subsequently discharged from hospital in good condition.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Purulent pericarditis during abscess-forming pneumonia].

The case is described of a 6 months old infant who developed purulent pericarditis during the course of pneumonia. Pericarditis probably developed in this condition by contiguous spread from the pleura. Diagnosis of impending cardiac tamponade was masked by the occurrence of massive unilateral empyema. The management of this condition is discussed by open surgical drainage. Real-time two-dimensional echocardiography is useful for diagnosis and surveillance in this disease.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Constrictive pericarditis in early infancy (author's transl)].

The unusual course of illness involving an 8-week old infant is described, which, after a staphylococcic sepsis with subsequent purulent pericarditis, developed the typical clinical symptoms of a constrictive pericarditis within a 12-day-period. There is only one similar case reported on in medical literature, involving an 8-month old infant.--Despite an immediate operation (anterior pericardectomy) the infant died 3 days later.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Unusual radiological findings after surgically treated constrictive pericarditis].

The radiological findings in three patients who had had surgery for constrictive pericarditis are reported: 1. acute myocardial dilatation after pericardectomy for constrictive pericarditis, with good restitution of ventricular function; 2. abnormal ventricular appearances after pericardial resection during childhood; 3. diastolic prolapse of the cardiac apex after fenestration of the pericardium.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Coronary angiography in constrictive pericarditis (author's transl)].

Normally, systolic movement of the coronary arteries results in, 1) shortening in length, thereby increasing tortuosity, and 2) movement of the arteries towards each other. In ten patients with constrictive pericarditis, several sections of the vessels were fixed. Vascular fixation was also observed in nine out of ten patients after aorto-coronary bypass operations, but only in right ventricular branches. Decreased movement of the coronary arteries was found in occasional cases of congestive cardiomyopathy with large ventricles and reduced ejection fractions, and sometimes in akinesia of the myocardium, due to coronary sclerosis. Fixation of several coronary branches can therefore contribute to the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed2001

Respiratory variation of mitral and pulmonary venous Doppler flow velocities in constrictive pericarditis before and after pericardiectomy.

The objective of this study was to determine whether Doppler echocardiography is useful in assessing the effects of pericardiectomy in patients with constrictive pericarditis by studying the postoperative change in the respiratory variation of mitral inflow and pulmonary venous Doppler flows. The study population consisted of 35 cases with surgically proven constrictive pericarditis. Thirty-five patients had preoperative Doppler echocardiography, whereas 4 patients died of non-cardiac causes and 1 patient had a heart transplant before follow-up. Postoperative studies were performed at a mean of 1081 +/- 84 days (range 120-2700 days) after pericardiectomy. The mean (+/- SD) respiratory variation changed after surgery from a baseline value of 17% +/- 14% to 8% +/- 8% for peak mitral E velocity (P <.01); from 25% +/- 18% to 7% +/- 13% (P <.001) for pulmonary venous (PV) peak diastolic flow velocity, and from 21% +/- 13% to 11% +/- 13% (P =.009) for PV peak systolic flow velocity. The 23 patients who became asymptomatic after surgery had a significantly lower mean mitral and PV respiratory variation than the 7 patients who were NYHA class II (4% +/- 4% and 6% +/- 4% vs 21% +/- 6% and 19% +/- 10%, respectively, P <.0001 for both). Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic assessment of respiratory variation is useful for evaluating the outcome of pericardiectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Pericarditis associated with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in a patient following allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from an HLA genotypic 1-locus mismatched sibling donor.

A 31-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) underwent allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT). On day +274 following transplantation, the patient had severe chest pain, high-grade fever, and general fatigue. Electrocardiographic examination revealed ST segment elevation, and echocardiographic examination revealed an obvious pericardial. The diagnosis of pericarditis was made. We could not exclude the possibility of a combination of chronic GVHD involving the liver, because biochemistry examination revealed altered liver dysfunction, but liver biopsy was not performed. The patient underwent empirical treatment for bacterial or viral infection, and was given prednisolone for chronic GVHD. Retrospective serologic examination revealed that EBV reactivation had occurred at this time. This is the first reported case of pericarditis associated with EBV reactivation after allogeneic-stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Recurrent pleuro-pericarditis due to gastrodiaphragmatic fistula.

A 61-year-old woman presented with recurrent pleuro-pericarditis following Nissen fundoplication. A diagnosis of anterior gastrodiaphragmatic fistula was made. The suspected etiology of the fistula was local ischemia. This kind of fistula, although exceptional, should always be considered in the presence of unexplained recurrent pleuro-pericarditis after fundoplication.

Diaphragm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Streptococcus milleri, a rare cause of pericarditis; successful treatment by pericardiocentesis combined with parenteral antibiotics.

We report the case of a 71-year-old woman suffering from purulent pericarditis, but displaying only minor symptoms. No predisposing factors were found. In addition, the infection was caused by Streptococcus milleri, a rare causative agent for this affection. We review the literature and discuss the different types of treatment of purulent pericarditis.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Staphylococcal pericarditis in a chronic renal failure patient.

A 34-year-old female with end-stage renal disease was admitted for severe metabolic acidosis, uremic encephalopathy, pericarditis and severe anemia following a bout of acute gastroenteritis. She improved on aggressive medical management including intensive hemodialysis and was initiated onto maintenance heparin-free hemodialysis (twelve hours per week) and discharged. After a week, she presented with fever with chills and rigors for three days, was toxic, severely orthopenic and had a pulsus paradoxus of 36 mmHg. Echocardiography suggested cardiac tamponade. Aspiration revealed frank pus with polymorphonuclear predominance and Staphylococcus aureus on culture. CT of the thorax revealed pericardial effusion. In the absence of any obvious septic foci, concomitant pleuro-pulmonary sepsis, mediastinal or intra-abdominal pathology; a diagnosis of "acute primary purulent pericarditis" was made. Patient was put on parenteral antibiotics-ceftriaxone and metrogyl. Vancomycin was added after sensitivity results. Pericardial drainage was required initially. After toxemia improved, paradox decreased and fever subsided, the pericardial catheter was removed and antibiotics continued for a period of four weeks. Maintenance hemodialysis was continued during hospital stay and after discharge.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pericarditis demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction and electron microscopy.

We report a case of pericarditis occurring in a 17-year-old girl who received a bone marrow transplant. The presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the pericardial fluid was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction, and Mycoplasma-like organisms were detected by electron microscopy. Because no other infectious agent could be found in the pericardial fluid, M. pneumoniae was presumed to be the etiologic agent of the pericarditis.

Adolescent↗