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PubMedDate not supplied

[Transient idiopathic periosteal hyperostosis with hyperproteinemia (Goldbloom syndrome)].

The case of a 13 year old girl is presented, who developed intense pain in extremities and experienced marked weight loss after an acute upper respiratory tract infection. Roentgenograms revealed a diffuse periosteal reaction, most intensely affecting long bones. Principal laboratory findings were a slight normocytic, normochromic anemia; high erythrocyte sedimentation rate; medullar plasmocytosis and dysproteinemia, with a large increase in plasma gammaglobulin concentration. Clinical recovery and normalization of roentgenograms and laboratory parameters were observed eleven months after the acute episode, with no intervening therapeutic measures. This case matches Goldbloom's syndrome, described originally in two children in 1966. Only 3 other cases have been reported in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Use of cancellous bone and periosteal transplants in primary and secondary cleft palate during a change in dentition].

A group of patients that was selected jointly with orthodontists consisted of 25 subjects, aged 8-16 years, having undergone operation for the cleft of primary and secondary palate, with left jaw defect. The patients had correct bites with good cure prognosis. Cancellous bone and periosteal flap taken from the wing-like portion of ilium were grafted into their jaw defects. After 1 year the alveolar process continuity was obtained in 23 patients (92%) and in the remaining ones the resorption of the graft was recorded. Reconstruction of the alveolar process was visible in radiographs, and eruption of canine tooth through the graft was evidenced in 40% of cases. No satisfactory results were obtained as regards the closure of naso-palatine fistula and the total underpadding of the alar base.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Electron microscopic studies on pedicled grafts of alveolar mucosa and on newly formed periosteal epithelium].

20 patients who had undergone a vestibuloplasty using the technique of Edlan and Mejchar were examined by histo-morphological studies of the transplanted alveolar mucosa and the epithelialised periosteal zone up to one year post-operatively. The following conclusions were reached: --the original characteristics of the transplanted tissue remain unaltered. --numerous abnormalities in the epithelium and connective tissue are explained by insufficient oxygen diffusion and marked inflammatory reaction in the connective tissue. --there is no keratin formation although the number of layers of the stratum superficiale increases after the 16th post-operative week. On the basis of these results the question of whether there is a possible change-over from uncornified to a cornified epithelium is answered in the negative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The spinal periosteal layer and the fibrous sheath of the cervical spinal canal].

At the cervical level, in the foramen, the rachidian nerve is surrounded by two mantles: a dural one and a fibrous one continuing the epidural periosteal sheet of which it is a thickening. We can wonder whether this fibrous sheath is at the origin of some cervical radiculalgias in which one cannot detect any radiological lesion of the skeleton or disk.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1988

The effect of partial periosteal division on growth of the long bones. An experimental study in rabbits.

The mode of action of the periosteum in the growth of the long bones was investigated by comparing the activity of the growth plate after hemicircumferential and longitudinal periosteal incisions. Twenty-eight rabbits were divided into three groups. A longitudinal periosteum incision was made on the medial upper tibia in rabbits of Group A, and a hemicircumferential periosteum incision was made in Group B. An incision of the skin and superficial tissue only, similar to the skin incision of Groups A and B, was performed on rabbits in Group C. Certain differences in the development of the right tibia compared to the control side were observed in rabbits of Group B: (1) valgus deformity, 5 degrees-10 degrees; (2) overgrowth, 1-2 mm; (3) an S-shaped tibia deformity. The dynamics of the deformity support the mechanical theory because the direction of periosteum division was an important factor in the appearance of growth disturbances.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Periosteal structure and development in a rat caudal vertebra.

Female Sprague-Dawley rats from birth to 300 days were used to study the bone/soft tissue interrelationships of the 14th caudal vertebra with particular emphasis on the periosteum throughout growth, development and maturation. The growth of the rats follows a sigmoid curve with three phases, a developmental, a rapid growth and a maturation phase. The width/length ratio of the bone and the thickness of the periosteum are closely concurrent, with a rapid decrease during the developmental phase and a levelling off during the rapid growth phase. SEM studies established that the caudal vertebra has symmetrical lateral sides and a pronounced concavity on the ventral surface where the main vascular plexus is located. Morphological changes in the periosteum cna be described as occurring in three layers and reflect the stages seen in general somatic growth. The inner cambial layer initially contains elongated but functional osteoblasts; these become cuboidal during the rapid growth phase and ultimately are flattened and quiescent. The mid-zone with its vessels, undifferentiated and mononuclear phagocytic cells also attains its maximum development in the rapid growth period and then gradually involutes. The fibrous periosteum consists of a syncytial arrangement of fibroblasts in a collagenous matrix which becomes increasingly dense although reduced in width. Sharpey fibre bundles connect the bone with the fibrous periosteum and these become thicker with age. The mid-zone of the periosteum has not been described previously. Besides having a nutritive role and providing progenitor cells it is thought to act as a buffer modulating the interaction between bone and the covering soft tissues. With age and the deletion of the mid-zone a less sensitive periosteal response to stress can be expected.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Tumor cells stimulate in vivo periosteal bone formation.

It was demonstrated that in mice a variety of tumor cells of both viral (XC, MSVC) and non-viral origin (rat ameloblasts, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, KB, WAMIB, WISH cell lines) produce, on transplantation in the adjacent bones, periosteal osteogenesis, and in addition can stimulate osteoclastic and tumor-mediated bone resorption. The production by the tumor cells of an osteoblast-activating factor, besides the osteoclast-activating factor described earlier by others, is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cellular origin and evolution of neochondrogenesis in major full-thickness defects of a joint surface treated by free autogenous periosteal grafts and subjected to continuous passive motion in rabbits.

A graft of periosteum from the tibia of 27 rabbits was incubated in vitro with tritiated thymidine for 24 hours and then transplanted into a full-thickness defect in the patellar groove. The rabbits were managed after the operation on continuous passive motion (CPM), and the joints excised at intervals of two to 21 days. After one week the cells had begun to synthesize glycosaminoglycan and by two weeks the tissue resembled immature hyaline cartilage. Thymidine-labeled cells were seen throughout the entire regenerated tissue. The cellular origin of the hyaline-like tissue that filled the defects was the progenitor cells of the periosteal graft.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Periosteal hyperostosis resulting from prostaglandin therapy.

Lamellated cortical hyperostosis about the long bones of a premature infant is usually an indication of trauma, congenital infection or Caffey disease. Prostaglandin preparations are now being used for extended periods of time to keep the ductus arteriosus open. As a result of the long-term use of this drug, bilaterally symmetric marked diaphyseal periosteal new bone can be induced.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1985

Periosteal transection and stripping for treatment of angular limb deformities in foals: clinical observations.

Correction was attempted in 27 foals (41 limbs) with angular deformities at the carpal region (35 limbs), metatarsophalangeal region (5 limbs) and distal end of the tibia (1 limb) by hemicircumferential transection of the periosteum (HCTP) and periosteal stripping (PS). Successful outcome was determined by straight limbs and soundness, which was achieved in 81.5% of the cases, with 60% of the horses in performance training. Follow-up evaluation for all foals was completed at various times after physiologic closure of the physes. In none of the limbs was the deformity overcorrected. Owners of foals with carpal region deviations corrected by means of HCTP and PS were satisfied with the result. The cosmetic appearance of the surgical site was excellent. The HCTP and PS adequately corrected greater degrees of carpal region deformity and greater degrees of deformity in older foals than previously reported with this or other surgical techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Development of nonunions in the rat fibula after removal of periosteal neural mechanoreceptors.

Periosteal proprioceptive nerve receptors may act as mechanoreceptors of long bones during adaptive remodeling after fracture. They may also contribute to the mechanisms of coordinated functional activity of fractured limbs and thus inhibit harmful overloading of fracture callus. The area of proprioceptive nerve receptors around the distal part of the rat fibula was stripped surgically, and a standard fracture of the fibular shaft was produced. Animals failed to unite their fractures and developed mainly atrophic nonunions. Atrophy of ununited fragments was due to osteoclastic bone resorption. Atrophy of the bone fragments was aggravated if the legs were also subjected to sciatic denervation. Sciatic denervation alone, without removal of receptors, did not interfere with the union of fractures. The results indicate that the area of proprioceptive receptors in the rat tibiofibular bone is critical for the healing of fibular fractures. Because the effect on bone healing of receptor removal was not inhibited by sciatic denervation, the effect was not transmitted through spinal pathways of the sciatic nerve. The development of nonunions could not be explained by the surgical trauma alone. Aggravation of fibular atrophy by sectioning of the sciatic nerve suggests that some neural elements are associated with the phenomenon, either directly or indirectly through neuromuscular function.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Periosteal bone formation in Crohn's disease].

Crohn's disease not only affects the gastrointestinal tract but also causes skeletal complications. Arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis are among the best known of these, while periostal new bone formation in patients with Crohn's disease is rare. A report is presented on a patient who developed this complication after Crohn's disease of many year's standing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glycosaminoglycan metabolic disorders in periosteal and endosteal osteogenic cells in phenol poisoning].

The analysis of 35S sulphate incorporation into the growing bone structures in the experiment with 2-3 week guinea pigs subjected to long-term phenol intoxication made it possible to conclude that 35S sulphate assimilation by the osteogenic cells of periost and endost is less intensive in the treated animals, particularly in those receiving a large dose of phenol, (40 mg/kg) than in the control ones. This testifies to the reduction of the biosynthesis rates of sulphated glycosaminoglycans in the bone growth regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Phenytoin inhibition: failure to inhibit periosteal responses to lathyrogen.

beta-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) administered to rats has caused exostosis formation at sites of muscle attachment and also caused delay in the healing of soft tissue wounds and of bone fractures. Since phenytoin sodium has an opposite effect on wound healing, bone fractures, and the tensile strength of connective tissues, an experiment was performed to determine whether or not BAPN could produce periosteal exostoses in the presence of phenytoin. Rats that were given both BAPN and phenytoin produced similar exostoses as rats that were given BAPN alone. This indicates that phenytoin does not prevent inhibition of lysyl oxidase by BAPN, does not promote increased tensile strength of connective tissues in the presence of BAPN, and does not facilitate the detoxification of BAPN. Further, no evidence for an increased cellular response with phenytoin was observed. The mechanism by which phenytoin promotes wound healing is still unknown.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1977

Periosteal chondroma.

Periosteal chondroma is an uncommon benign cartilagenous lesion, and its importance lies primarily in its characteristic radiographic and pathologic appearance which should be of assistance in the differential diagnosis of eccentric lesions of bones. The pathologist must be aware of this tumour because at a histologic level, it may closely resemble a more ominous cartilagenous lesion. He can exclude this lesion in a differential diagnosis of a primary cartilagenous bone neoplasm by familiarity with the clinical and radiological appearance of the lesion. In all cases reported so far, treatment has been that of wide local excision. There are no recorded cases of metastases in follow-up periods ranging up to 8 years after surgery. In those cases where local recurrences were reported, inadequate initial excision is the admitted cause, and subsequent re-excision led to complete eradication of the residual tumour.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microradioscopic quantitation of periosteal resorption in secondary hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal failure.

The feasibility of expressing periosteal resorption (PR) in hand bones quantitatively as a measure of skeletal involvement of hyperparathyroidism, was tested by measuring the length of surface irregularities in medial and lateral surfaces of the middle phlanges of digits II--IV in one hand. Measurements were made to 0.1 mm by microradioscopy of fine detail radiographs using a X 6 measuring magnifier. Randomly numbered unidentified radiographs from 60 normal subjects and 61 chronic renal failure patients were measured by Reader 1 twice at 4 weeks interval and by Reader 2 once. There was no significant systematic difference between the readers, or for Reader 1 over the 4 weeks interval. The intraobserver precision was estimated to be +/- 3.8 mm. Relative to the normal ranges (0--9 mm, mean 2.54) such precision is sufficient for diagnostic purposes and for comparison of groups. Diagnostically, this method was found to be more sensitive than the currently used gradient of PR (0 to 3+): definite abnormalities were detected in 30 of 61 patients by quantitative microradioscopy, and in 22 by the grading method. A further advantage is that the numerical expression is better suited for statistical analysis of data than the results by grading.

Adult↗