Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PELVIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Spontaneous rupture of the kidney pelvis calix system--causes, diagnosis and therapy].

The symptoms, diagnosis and management of the spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the urinary collecting system are described. It is important to distinguish this frank rupture of the diseased renal pelvis from extravasation due to pyelosinusal or fornical backflow. Most cases of the latter variety are caused by acute calculous ureteral obstruction and observed during intravenous pyelogram with abdominal compression. They can be managed conservatively. Frank rupture of the renal pelvis are caused by an acute obstruction in a collecting system affected by infection, chronic obstruction, calculous erosion or tumor and is usually of grave significance and requires early surgical intervention. If the therapy is adequate, the prognosis seems to be favourable and nephrectomy seldom necessary.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of space-occupying gynecological processes. 2: examination technic and normal anatomy of the female pelvis in CT scans].

Differentiation of the organs in the small pelvis by computed tomography is often difficult, because of the small differences of density. General contrasting the bowel, intravenous injection of opaque matter and tamponing the vagina can facilitate the identification and estimation of pathological processes of female genitals. Presumption of any findings is the exact knowledge of X-ray topography. Following the explanation of patient preparation and of examination technique the normal anatomy of female pelvis is demonstrated by seven scans.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Combination of CT and ultrasound in the retroperitoneum and pelvis examination.

The retroperitoneum and the pelvis are difficult areas to examine by conventional radiographic means. Pelvic ultrasound can distinguish cystic from solid masses, but is poor in defining tissue planes. Computed tomography (CT) easily detects calcifications, is rarely affected by overlying bowel gas, and usually demonstrates the mass with good definition of tissue planes. Although less accurate than ultrasound in distinguishing cystic from solid masses, CT is superior for demonstrating contiguous anatomical structures such as the rectum, bony pelvis, vertebral bodies, abdominal aorta, and inferior vena cava. Overlying bowel gas often precludes obtaining a diagnostic ultrasound examination of the retroperitoneum. In addition, ultrasound is unable to reproducibly demonstrate soft tissue relationships in the retroperitoneum as does CT. Both CT and ultrasound are capable of providing diagnostic information. Ultrasound can more easily distinguish cystic from solid masses, but CT may be better for determining the extent of disease. CT should become the procedure of choice for evaluation of the retroperitoneum.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

[Free peritoneal patch grafts in surgery on renal pelvis and ureter (author's transl)].

36 operations of the renal pelvis or ureter were carried out in 35 patients. In all these cases a split stenosis or a tissue defect were covered by free peritoneal patches. Urographic controls of 30 patients showed 29 good or very good results. The following statements can be made: 1. In cases of a secondary scarred stenosis, of renal pelvic or ureteral wall defects, plastic operations of intrarenal pelvis of transsinus operations of staghorn calculi the splitting with splinting and covering by autologous tissue seems to represent a suitable operation. -- 2. As material the renal capsule, the venous wall and the peritoneum are suitable. -- 3. In cases of severe ureteral stenoses, which have to be resected, especially in cases of considerable differences of the ureteral lumen, the semicircular suture with covering should be preferred to the circular suture. -- 4. The covering of the defects by patches of autologous material reduces the time of the postoperative urinary diversion with all its dangers and the period of hospitalization. -- 5. In cases of a short covered stenoses (up to 4 cm) postoperative disturbance of the transport or urine was observed only once. The results of stenoses, longer than 4 cm, cannot yet be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[On the problem of angiographic differential diagnosis between hypernephroma, angiomyolipoma and carcinoma of the renal pelvis (author's transl)].

Pretherapeutic type diagnosis of a renal tumour will be decisive for further clinical measures and for the fate of the patient. The incidence and relative significance of the angiographic signs of three types of tumours are critically reviewed on the occasion of a carcinoma of the renal pelvis which had at first been wrongly diagnosed via angiography as a hypernephroma and then as an angiomyolipoma. For the first time, the article goes into the details of differential diagnosis between angiomyolipoma and a tumour of the renal pelvis growing into the renal parenchyma. It is concluded that the angiographic signs described in literature will mostly occur with the other two types of tumours as well, besides being non-obligatory. For the purpose of enabling angiographic tendency diagnosis despite this difficulty, the article suggests to employ sequential paired differentiation of the type which would be a prerequisite for any future computer-supported diagnostic method.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Ultrasound in differentiation of nonopaque filling defects in the renal pelvis (author's transl)].

Ultrasound scans in patients with nonopaque filling defects of the renal pelvis were analysed. Ultrasound can differentiate between nonopaque stones (stronger echo and no shadow) and other causes of filling defects (blood clots and tumors: and strong echo, no shadow). Tumor and blood clot are only to differentiate by the movement and transitory nature of the blood clot. Experimental studies with cadaver kidneys shows that the acoustic shadow behind gas in the renal pelvis (due to fistula etc.) has indistinct margins and reverberation echoes, which contrasts with the distinct acoustic shadow found with calculi.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cell composition and cytoarchitectonic characteristics of the lymphoid formations in the kidney pelvis and ureter of adults].

Quantitative characteristics, cell composition and cytoarchitectonics are characterized for lymph nodules in the walls of renal pelvis and ureter according to the findings in 14 total autopsied specimens of the pelvis and ureter obtained from 7 females and males aged 22-60. All of them had been killed in accidents and were free of urogenital, hematological, immune and lymphatic diseases. As indicated by histological sections, lymph nodules in the pelvic and ureteral mucosa of the examinees did not contain clear reproduction centers. The cells of the above lymph nodules comprised primarily small and medium-sized lymphocytes as well as reticular cells. Blast cells and macrophages were not numerous and averaged 2.6% of the total cell population. The count of cells undergoing destruction remained stable and made up from 1.57 +/- 1.6 to 3.52 +/- 2.06%. As for cytoarchitectonics, typical for the nodules was the existence of pairs, groups and chains of small and medium-sized lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Primary transitional cell carcinoma in situ of the renal pelvis: a case report].

A 71-year-old female presented with left back pain at our hospital. She had had the same symptom about 1 year previously, but she had been presumed to have undergone stone passage because her symptom had disappeared. At this time a urogram, either excretory or retrograde, showed narrowing of each caliceal infundibulum and dilatation of each calyx in the left kidney, but otherwise normal findings. A cytology of left ureteral urine was class V, and cystoscopy revealed no abnormality. Under the diagnosis of left renal pelvic tumor she underwent nephroureterectomy with resection of a bladder cuff and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. The resected specimen had no gross tumor throughout the renal pelvis and ureter, but histological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in situ (grade 2) in most of the renal pelvis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the submucosa. The ureter did not have any cancerous lesion, and no lymph node metastases was found. Four months postoperatively she is thought to have no evidence of disease with negative urinary cytology.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis: technical considerations.

To perform magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis, one must be familiar with the imaging appearance of normal structures as well as the disease entities that may be encountered. However, it is also important to be familiar with and understand the basic physical principles of the available imaging techniques to be able to optimize image quality and the detection of abnormalities. This discussion is intended to describe the available imaging techniques used in evaluation of the female pelvis. Following a discussion of conventional spin echo (CSE) techniques, the fast spin echo (FSE) technique will be described in detail. This will include how the FSE sequence generates images, the choice of imaging parameters, and the unique contrast characteristics and artifacts associated with the FSE technique. Pelvic multicoils will also be described in detail, including the choice of imaging parameters when using these coils and the unique artifacts that can be encountered. Chemical-selective imaging and motion artifact reduction techniques will additionally be described. At the end of the discussion, suggested imaging parameters are given for CSE and FSE sequences and for body coil and multicoil imaging.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1995

[Combined small cell and transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis: a case report].

Primary small cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is rare. We report a case of combined small cell and transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. The patient was a 78-year-old man with macrohematuria. He was diagnosed with right pelvic tumor by right retrograde pyelography and computerized tomography. A right radical nephroureterectomy was performed. Histological sections of the tumor showed a mixture of small cell and grade 2 transitional cell carcinoma. Positivity for Grimelius was noted in the small cell component. Masson-Fontana, chromogranin A, serotonin, keratin, leucocyte common antigen (LCA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin were negative. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were tightly packed and attached together by scattered desmosomes. There were no neurosecretory granules. Seven months after operation, the patient died with peritonitis carcinomatosa. At autopsy, a metastatic tumor was found in the liver and retroperitoneal lymph node. Other organs were not involved. Especially, there were no abnormalities in the lungs.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Double J stent for pelvis-ureter junction stricture].

Twenty-one patients (27 ureters) with pelvis-ureter junction stricture were treated by persistent dilatation with indwelling double J stent in the ureter. The double J stents were inserted by means of retrograde cystoscopic approach. The duration of stents left in the ureters was 3 approximately 12 months. Follow-up for 5 approximately 36 months after removed the double J stents showed the extinction of the symptoms, remission of the hydropyonephrosis and improvement of the renal function. The excretion urography and retrograde pyelography showed improvement of stricture in 25 ureters. We suggest that persistent dilatation with double J stent be used as first choice for treatment of pelvis-ureter junction stricture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Traumatic rupture of a renal pelvis obstructed at the ureteropelvic junction: case report.

Blunt abdominal trauma is a rare cause of injury to the upper ureter and renal pelvis. However, a pre-existing renal abnormality predisposes the kidney sustaining even minor trauma to serious injury. A case of a ruptured renal pelvis congenitally obstructed at the ureteropelvic junction following relatively minor trauma is presented, the literature reviewed, and susceptibility factors for traumatically induced hydronephrotic rupture discussed.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1994

The organization of subperitoneal connective tissue in the female pelvis.

The organization of the subperitoneal connective tissue in the female pelvis was studied in 6 cases, aged between 58 and 65, deceased from extrapelvic diseases. The pelvic viscera were removed as a whole with the surrounding subperitoneal tissue using a circular cut performed at the level of the pelvic walls. The specimens were fixed in 5% formalin. The bladder dome, uterine body and rectum, up to the anorectal junction, were removed. In two cases the specimens were dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Ten micron sections were stained with Haematoxilin-Eosin and Azan-Mallory. In 2 other cases the specimens were plastinated according to Von Hagens E12 technique; the passage in acetone at room temperature lasted 24 hours. In the remaining 2 cases the plastination with E12 was carried out after a passage in acetone at room temperature which lasted about 15 days in order to fully remove the lipids from the subperitoneal adipose tissue. The morphological findings demonstrate that the subperitoneal tissue of the female pelvis has an areolar structure with small adipose lobules separated by thin fibrous laminae connected to the vasculo-nervous bundles and to the parietal and visceral layers of the fascia pelvica. The three dimensional spatial organization of the network of thin connective laminae constitutes an anatomical device with possible supporting properties.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A histomorphologic and ultrastructural study of the malignant tumours of the renal pelvis.

The study was carried at two different centres. Only 9 cases of primary malignant tumours of the renal pelvis could be collected during the period of 7 years (1984-1990). Renal pelvis malignancies constituted 0.21% of all the malignancies and 12.16% of all the malignant growths of the kidney (9 out of 74 cases). The age of these patients ranged from 24 to 70 years; the mean being 41.7 years. Male/female ratio was 8:1. Common triad of complaints (pain, haematuria and lump) was noticed in 22.2% of patients. Individually they were noticed in 77.8%, 66.7% and 44.4% of patients respectively. Transitional cell carcinoma was the commonest, seen in 7 patients (77.8%) whereas squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were noticed in one patient (11.1%) each. Hydronephrosis, chronic pyelonephritis and nephrolithiasis were noticed in 66.7%, 44.4% and 22.2% of patients respectively. Ultrastructural study of urothelial tumours revealed tumour cells in various stages of differentiation with loss of intercellular junctions and dense collection of rough endopasmic reticulum fibrils around the nucleus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis during lumbar posteroanterior loading.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis during lumbar spine posteroanterior loading. DESIGN: Quantitative study. SETTING: Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney. PARTICIPANTS: Ten male and female subjects with no recent history of significant low back pain. INTERVENTION: A mechanical device was used to apply forces to the L3 spinous process. Data were collected during slow cyclical loading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The stiffness of the posteroanterior movement at the point of loading was measured, together with the sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis and the resistance to rotation provided by the bed on which the subject lay. RESULTS: Mean pelvic rotation was 2.1 degrees per 100 N applied force (SD 1.01 degrees/100 N). Mean posteroanterior stiffness was 13.4 N/mm (SD 3.13 N/mm) and resistance to pelvic rotation was 2.71 Nm/degree of pelvic rotation (SD 0.84 Nm/degree). CONCLUSION: During posteroanterior force application there is pelvic rotation of a magnitude that may be sufficient to have clinical significance. Abnormalities found during lumbar posteroanterior force application may originate in tissues caudad to the lumbar spine itself.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytodiagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis. A case report with immunohistochemical study.

Leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis is extremely rare. We report one such case correctly diagnosed by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The FNAC smears showed a monotonous population of closely packed, spindled tumor cells arranged in interlacing bundles. Those cells possessed markedly pleomorphic, hyperchromatic, elongated nuclei and a moderate amount of eosinophilic, fibrillary cytoplasm. Fascicles of similar spindle tumor cells arranged in a whorled pattern were seen in the section of the cell block. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the sections of the cell block preparation, showing intensely positive cytoplasmic staining of the tumor cells for muscle-specific actin but negative staining for CAM 5.2, AE1/AE3, S-100 protein and HMB-45. This staining pattern of the tumor allows its differentiation from other primary sarcomas of the kidney, sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, peripheral nerve sheath tumor and renal angiomyolipoma. The extreme degree of nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromatism is not to be expected in renal leiomyoma or the usual cases of mesoblastic nephroma. Besides delineating the FNAC features of leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis, the present case illustrates the value of using the cell block preparation in FNAC.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

[Squamous carcinoma with pseudosarcomatous stroma of the renal pelvis and ureter: a case report].

A case of unusual tumor of renal pelvis and ureter is reported. A 82-year-old man was admitted with the chief complaint of gross hematuria. He was diagnosed with bladder tumor and right renal pelvic and ureter tumor by bladder biopsy (TCC G2) and radiological examinations. Right nephroureterectomy was performed after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-Bt). Histological findings of renal pelvic and ureteral tumor were squamous carcinoma with pseudosarcomatous stroma (so-called carcinosarcoma). Tumor cells showed mostly a sarcomatoid spindle pattern and partly apparent SCC. He was discharged without adjuvant therapy and no recurrence was found for 7 months after operation. In our case, CA19-9 was useful as a tumor marker. Such disease has been confused with true carcinosarcoma or sarcomatoid carcinoma and should be distinguished from them. We reviewed 18 case reports of true carcinosarcoma or sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Radiographic examination of the pelvis in patients under periodic hemodialysis for terminal uremia].

Significant signs of uremic osteodystrophy were found at Rx examination of the pelvis in 29 out of 72 uremic patients (40%) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. It is therefore thought that Rx of the pelvis, although it is more significant for some signs (brown tumors, alterations of the trabecular structure, enlargement of Ward's triangle) than for others, such as subperiosteal resorption, should not be neglected in these patients.

Adolescent↗