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Results for “Maxillofacial Development”

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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Genetic and epigenetic regulation of craniofacial development.

This paper reviews a series of odontometric, anthropometric and cephalometric investigations of genetic and epigenetic regulation of dental, occlusal and craniofacial development. The results show that genes encoded with the X and Y chromosomes regulate the development of tooth crowns and roots. The Y chromosome seems to affect general somatic growth by regulating both cell function and mitotic activity. The effects of the X chromosome seem to be more restricted and include influences on the growth of cartilaginous structures and dental enamel. The findings also indicate that high masticatory stress promotes jaw growth and decreases occlusal variation, supporting the hypothesis that masticatory activity regulates occlusal and craniofacial development. In addition, the findings suggest that nerve growth may affect bone growth in the craniofacial skeleton.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Growth of the jaw after preoperative orthodontic treatment of cleft lip and cleft palate].

In 48 patients a systematized therapeutic model plan for the preoperative and postoperative orthodontic treatment of patients with unilateral or bilateral cleft lips and palates is pursued. In addition to stimulation and growth control of the maxillary alveolar segments in a transverse direction and at the segment poles, increasing sagittal development is observed in a later developmental phase.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Early embryonic mouse mandibular morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation in serumless, chemically defined medium: a model for studies of autocrine and/or paracrine regulatory factors.

During craniofacial and mandibular development at least three interdependent processes become integrated: 1) regulation of time-dependent differential gene expression; 2) positional information resulting in pattern formations; and 3) morphogenesis. The present studies were designed to test the hypothesis that intrinsic and/or paracrine factors regulate the developmental program for embryonic mouse mandibular morphogenesis, histogenesis, and cytodifferentiation. Either E11 or E12 C57B110 (B10.A) strain mouse mandibular processes were cultured in serumless, chemically defined medium for periods up to 9 days in vitro. At selected stages of development 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA was used to evaluate the mitotic labeling for selected tissue compartments. Macroscopic observations demonstrated that morphogenesis (shape/form) in vitro was comparable to that for in vivo controls. Histological results demonstrated that chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, tooth formation, tongue formation, lip formation, and epithelial differentiation with keratinization were expressed according to sequence, time, and positions comparable to those observed in controls. This experimental approach provided datasets to support the hypothesis that exogenous long-range factors are not required for embryonic mouse mandibular morphogenesis and further suggested that autocrine and/or paracrine factors mediate the timing and position of mandibular development.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Multidisciplinary care of patients with cleft lips and cleft palates in Zürich].

Since about 10 years a coordinated timing of procedures has been used in Zürich for the management of CLP cases. It equally considers the requirements of growth and functional development. Early orthopedic treatment can, however, only be efficient if concomitant primary surgery is adequately timed and performed. The importance of two-stage palatal closure (soft palate 18 months, hard palate after 5 years of age) is emphasized. In contrast to results of former treatment methods, present cleft patients show good arch form and intermaxillary relationship in deciduous and early mixed dentition. The need for orthodontic treatment is considerably reduced. As far as speech development is concerned, the procedure proves to be beneficial as well.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Belle Maudsley Lecture. Digits, dummies and malocclusions.

When considering the aetiology of malocclusion in general, factors are often cited as having a genetic basis or an environmental basis. An individual malocclusion is likely to be a result of the variable effects of multiple environmental influences, upon an equally variable genetic predisposition. One of the most tangible 'environmental' factors is that of sucking habits involving digits or dummies. This review considers the nature of these habits, their effects on the developing dentition and methods used to combat the problem.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Craniofacial growth and skeletal maturation: a mixed longitudinal study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between craniofacial growth and skeletal maturation. The material consisted of the cephalometric and hand-wrist film pairs of 35 males and 43 females (78 subjects) whose development was followed for a period of 4 to 7 years. The subjects were grouped according to their skeletal maturation. Their mean ages were: Group I 10.27, Group II 11.55, and Group III 14.79 years, respectively, at the beginning of the observation period. Intra- and inter-group differences were examined through paired t-tests, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the relationship between craniofacial growth and skeletal maturation (percentage growth potential). The results show that the middle cranial base (T-W) maintained its stability in all pubertal growth periods. However, posterior cranial base length (T-Ba) increases significantly (P < 0.001) throughout the same period. There were similar increases in the vertical dimensions of the face and alveolar height throughout pubertal growth. Despite the intensified increases in both the sagittal and vertical directions, facial characteristics were constant in the sagittal direction. The skeletal development (percentage growth potential) has clearly been effective in the vertical facial development commencing in Group I and reaching its maximum level in Group II. However Cd-Go was the exception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Some aspects of bone formation and remodeling pertinent to craniofacial development and reconstructive treatment.

Bone formation, modeling, and remodeling occur as physiologic developmental growth or healing processes. Bone formation and turnover is an ongoing process from early organogenesis to the end of life. The assumption can be made that all elements for osteogenesis and resorption are present at any time and can be activated given an appropriate environment. Bone is a dynamic tissue that is readily influenced by its environment. Recognition of this fact is essential in the treatment of dental malocclusions and in reconstruction of jaw, facial, and skull deformities. Examples of experimental studies on various environments for bone formation and clinical application of the experimental findings are here related to treatment of alveolar clefts, bony contour deficiencies, midface hypoplasia, skull bone defects, and traumatically or congenitally underdeveloped, rudimentary, or missing mandibular condyle/ramus units.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Using implants for the growing child.

The use of implants for the growing child is not routinely recommended. The concerns about placing implants for patients in this age group are related to jaw growth. However, not all children with missing teeth need to wait for growth to be completed prior to implant placement. In this paper, the authors will discuss the indications for implant placement in the growing child. The decision for implant placement is based not only on growth, but also the number and location of the missing teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of retinoic acid upon the chick embryonic morphogenetic systems. I. The embryotoxicity dose range.

The effects of all-trans-beta-retinoic acid upon the developing chick embryo were investigated using the Chick Embryotoxicity Screening Test (CHEST). A dose of 0.3 microgram, injected subgerminally in stages HH 10--11, arrested the neural tube development, disturbed extraembryonic vasculogenesis, and induced formation of haemorrhagic blisters in the caudal region. Single administration of retinoic acid on days 2, 3, and 4 revealed a stage-specific effect. Being high, due to the abundant mortality of embryos injected on day 2, the effect drops conspicuously on day 3, and rises once again on day 4 when a remarkable proportion of the surviving fetuses suffer from serious morphological damage comprising cardiovascular lesions, maldevelopment of the central face, and dysmelia. The target tissues are similar to those of vitamin A in developing mammals. The increased sensitivity of chick embryo morphogenetic systems between days 3 and 4 supports the hypothesis that the deleterious action of retinoic acid is due to the development of specific binding sites in the target cell populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Facial balance in cleft lip and palate. II. Cleft lip and palate and secondary deformities.

The cleft abnormality is the cause of underdevelopment and subsequent loss of function. Primary cleft surgery and surgery to correct the secondary deformities of previous non-functional repair should aim to restore normal anatomy and physiology, with an emphasis on muscle reconstruction of the lip and soft palate if normal facial development is to be encouraged.

Cleft Lip↗