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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Blood group activity of human sucrase from intestinal metaplasia.

Sucrases were purified from human small intestine and from areas of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach mucosa surrounding stomach cancers. The kinetic constants and pH activity profiles of enzyme preparations from the two sources were similar. No blood group activity of sucrase was detectable in preparations from three cases of intestinal metaplasia, but preparations from two other cases showed activity like that of the small intestine. These results indicate that sucrase from areas of intestinal metaplasia has similar enzymatic properties to those of enzyme from the small intestine, but that the antigenic sugar moiety of the enzyme associated with blood group activity varies.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1982

Intestinal metaplasia in Japan: association with diet.

Of 1,749 volunteers in a screening program for gastric cancer in Japan, 206 men and 181 women received a systematic gastroscopic examination and responded to a dietary questionnaire estimating their quantitative intake of 33 food items during the past weeks. When diet was correlated with intestinal metaplasia (a precursor lesion of gastric carcinoma) found in gastroscopic biopsies, it was observed that more dried fish consumption and less vitamin A intake increased the extent of intestinal metaplasia in men. For women, there was a significant negative association of ume (pickled plum) intake with intestinal metaplasia. The implications of these findings were discussed in relation to gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of keratins and carcinoembryonic antigen in bronchial squamous metaplasia and lung carcinomas.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin8.60 (CK8.60) and CK18 expression in sputum smears from patients with various types of lung cancer and in heavy smokers with various degrees of squamous metaplasia without lung cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-six patients with lung cancer and 149 heavy smokers were investigated. RESULTS: For all markers a progressive increase in the numbers of positives was observed as the degree of squamous metaplasia increased in both groups. CK8.60 was positive in 95% of heavy smokers (benign histology) with atypical squamous metaplasia but in only 67% of malignant cells. Combinations of positive CEA and CK8.60 were frequent, while CK18 positivity tended to be solitary. CONCLUSION: Positive staining might be indicative of an increased risk of malignant transformation regardless of cytology, but positivity of markers is not of use in the diagnosis of malignant histology.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Prognostic significance of epidermoid metaplasia in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder].

A retrospective review of 186 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder observed between 1987 and 1990 is described. Squamous metaplasia was present in 37 cases. This histological feature was especially found in association with poorly differentiated and invasive tumors: the presence of extensive areas of squamous metaplasia (metaplastic areas = or > 50% of neoplastic surface) was always found in association with high grade neoplasms. For these reasons the authors conclude that transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder showing squamous metaplasia is more aggressive than pure transitional cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1995

Helicobacter pylori as a promoter of intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer: an alluring hypothesis in search of evidence.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the current evidence supporting a role for Helicobacter pylori in the genesis of intestinal metaplasia and to offer suggestions for the design of studies that could be carried out to elucidate the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. METHOD: Literature review. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiologic relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer is widely accepted; however, the sequence of events leading to the development of carcinoma is unknown. A currently accepted model is that chronic active gastritis progresses to atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and eventually neoplasia. The relationship between H. pylori and intestinal metaplasia remains unclear, as several studies have yielded conflicting results.

Helicobacter Infections↗
PubMed1996

Short segment Barrett's esophagus: clinical and histological features, associated endoscopic findings, and association with gastric intestinal metaplasia.

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively determine the clinical features, associated esophageal endoscopic lesions, associated gastric intestinal metaplasia, and prevalence of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma of short segment Barrett's. METHODS: All patients undergoing upper endoscopy over a 5-month period were scrutinized for endoscopic features suggestive of short segment Barrett's, and, if present, multiple biopsies were obtained from the suspicious areas. Prevalence of gastric intestinal metaplasia was determined by obtaining biopsies from the antrum, body, and cardia. RESULTS: Two hundred thirty seven patients were examined. Short segment Barrett's was suspected in only 42 patients, and traditional Barrett's was noted in 45 patients. Short segment Barrett's was confirmed by biopsy in 48%. Clinical presentation of short segment Barrett's was that of typical or complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease in 53%. A hiatal hernia was the most common associated esophageal endoscopic finding; however, none of the endoscopic findings differed significantly from findings of patients who did not have short segment Barrett's. Diagnosis of short segment Barrett's required histological analysis. A significant difference was noted in the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia between the esophagus and stomach in patients with Barrett's. No dysplasia or adenocarcinoma was detected in patients with short segment Barrett's. CONCLUSIONS: Short segment Barrett's is a frequent finding in patients undergoing upper endoscopy. All patients with short tongues or patches of red mucosa lying less than 2 cm above the esophagogastric junction should be biopsied to exclude short segment Barrett's. Large scale endoscopic and histological surveillance studies along with long-term follow-up are required to clarify short segment Barrett's prevalence and cancer risk.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Ciliated metaplasia in a patient of Mediterranean origin with gastric adenoma.

We report here the first case of ciliated gastric metaplasia in a Croatian patient. This is also the first case of ciliated metaplasia reported in a patient of Mediterranean descent. Cilia were found in slightly cystically dilated gastric glands underneath a gastric adenoma with severe dysplasia. They were visualized by desmin immunohistochemical stain. Cells that presented with cilia were columnar cells, some of them with vacuolization of the cytoplasm. This case report shows that ciliated metaplasia occurs in patients of Southern European origin.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal metaplasia and dysplastic modifications in H. pylori gastritis.

Certain studies regarding modifications of gastric mucosa in the presence of infections produced by H. pylori add a new element in the pathology of gastric lesions with a high malignancy potential. From the certain premalignant lesions, a special place is occupied by intestinal metaplasia and by gastric dysplasia, because of their high frequency. This study is based upon the interpretation of 130 gastric biopsies in which the identification of H. pylori was pursued (by HE staining, Giemsa), o intestinal metaplasia and their types (by PAS-Blue Alcian ph 2.5 staining and High Iron Diamine-Blue Alcian ph 2.5) and the presence of neoplastic lesions. Particular aspects of our study are given by the association of H. pylori infection with certain types of intestinal metaplasia, with moderate or severe dysplastic lesions and with gastric carcinomas (especially the "intestinal" type).

Gastritis↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical study on the piweiping capsule in treating patients with metaplasia of gastric mucosa].

One hundred and forty-three patients were diagnosed as chronic superficial atrophic gastritis of gastric antrum or with metaplasia by means of gastroscopic observation with pathological biopsy examination. They were divided into 4 types (the Spleen-Stomach Cold-Deficiency type, Disharmonious of Liver and Stomach type, Spleen-Stomach Yin Deficiency type and Spleen Deficiency with Qi-Stagnation type) and subdivided according to treatment into two groups, 75 patients of treatment group of above-mentioned 4 types were treated with Piweiping capsule (PWPC) I, II, III, IV respectively, 68 patients of control group were all treated with Sanjiu Weitai (SJWT). After 3-6 months of treatment, the improvement of gastric mucosa cyclic adenosine monophosphate, deoxyribonucleic acid, 3H-thymopyrimidine nucleoside and lymphocyte transformation of treatment group were all superior to that of control group, P < 0.05-0.001. The curative rate and total effective rate of symptomatic effect of treatment group were 49.3% and 92.0%, while at intestinal metaplasia of treatment group were 45.3% and 62.7%. As in control group, they were 29.4%, 67.6%, 10.3% and 29.4% respectively. The difference between two groups was significant, P < 0.001. These results suggested that the PWPC could reverse the intestinal metaplasia through improving the gastric cAMP, DNA and strengthening the cellular immunity and the effect would be enhanced when the treatment was based on syndrome differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Helicobacter pylori eradication and antral intestinal metaplasia--two years follow-up study.

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) appears to be an important stage in the pathogenesis of intestinal type of gastric cancer. The purpose of the study was to evaluate how H. pylori eradication modifies IM in gastric antrum. 35 patients (19 M + 16 F) with peptic ulcer (28 duodenal ulcer +7 gastric ulcer) and antral IM with accompanying H. pylori infection proven by urease test and histological examination were followed-up after healing an ulcer achieved by 14 days treatment with 40 mg/d omeprazole and 2 g/d amoxicillin. Endoscopy examination was done every 4 months during 2 years after eradication. At least two antral biopsies were taken during each endoscopy. H. pylori eradication was achieved in 23 patients (66%). No reinfection was observed during the time of observation. The medium grade of intestinal metaplasia after eradication of H. pylori declined from 1.76 to 0.57 over the period of follow-up (p < 0.01). The difference became statistically significant from the 12 months after eradication. No significant change was seen in the group of non-eradicators (1.83 at the beginning of observation and 1.91 at the end point). Statistical difference between eradicators and non-eradicators was stated from the 12th month after eradication. Total regression of intestinal metaplasia was observed in 30% cases after one year and 61% cases after two years after H. pylori eradication. The cure of H. pylori infection significantly reduces the presence of antral IM. Regression of IM appears to be a long-term process taking many months after H. pylori eradication.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Synovial metaplasia around breast implants].

Three cases of the periprosthetic breast capsules showing typical features of synovial metaplasia are presented. The histological picture is characterized by the presence of cellular layer mimicking synovial membrane. These elements are devoid of basement membrane, otherwise, nevertheless, they strongly resemble single- or multilayered epithelium. Focally, the differentiation towards giant multinucleated cells is noted. Immunohistochemical profile, as well as the ultrastructure of the cells, confirms their histiocytic origin with advanced differentiation towards elements of the synovial membrane. These histological features are referred to as synovial or synovial-like metaplasia. They are found in considerable fraction of textured breast implant capsules. The pathogenesis remains uncertain; however, similar picture was observed in other locations in association with prolonged or repeated action of mechanical forces. Thus, movement of the implant in situ is the most probable trigger of synovial metaplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma of the stomach.

The enzymological and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma tissues were compared with those of purified human intestinal, placental, and hepatic ALP's to speculate the gene expression of gastric cancer cells. The results were as follows: Intestinal metaplasia was found in 21 of 23 cases (91%) of gastric cancer, whereas normal gastric mucosa had no ALP activity. ALP extracted from the mucosa of intestinal metaplasia was identical with intestinal ALP as to enzymological and immunological properties. ALP obtained from gastric carcinoma tissues of 23 patients was separated into 3 bands (ALPa, ALPb, and ALPc) by polyacrylamide-gel disc electrophoresis. Ten cases showed ALPa only, 4 cases showed ALPa and ALPb, 5 cases showed ALPa and ALPc, and the other 4 cases showed ALPa, ALPb, ALPc, respectively. It was concluded that ALPa was similar in its enzymological and immunological properties to hepatic-type ALP, ALPb was similar to placental-type ALP, and ALPc was similar to intestinal-type ALP, ALPb probably originates from the cancer cell itself. As for the other enzymes, ALPa and ALPc, further investigation should be made to determine whether they come from the cancer cell itself or not.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bone metaplasia of the bladder associated with urothelial tumor. A clinical case].

One case report of bone metaplasia of the bladder wall associated to urothelial tumour located on the urothelium coating the lesion. Suspicion diagnosis started from findings identified in the transurethral resection. A stone-like mass attached by a pedicle to the bladder wall was found during the examination. The pathoanatomical study confirmed the diagnosis of bone metaplasia of the bladder wall, identifying nests of urothelial tumour adjacent to the urothelium. No report of similar cases has been found in the literature referring to the association of urothelial tumour and bone metaplasia of the bladder wall.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Gastric carcinoid tumors, endocrine cell hyperplasia, and associated intestinal metaplasia. Histologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings.

Eleven cases of gastric carcinoid tumor have been studied to review their clinical and pathologic spectrum, to identify any relationship to pernicious anemia, and to evaluate the accompanying gastric mucosal changes, with particular reference to the endocrine cell population. Seven patients were male and four female; ages ranged from 26 to 83 years. Two male patients had documented pernicious anemia and one female patient had unconfirmed pernicious anemia. All patients had marked gastric intestinal metaplasia (atrophic gastritis), which was predominantly fundal (Type A) in three patients with suspected/proven pernicious anemia and antral (Type B) in the other eight. In seven patients, the tumors were typical carcinoids, whereas in 4 patients the carcinoids were "atypical"; one carcinoid was completely polypoid. All cases were argyrophilic, and focal mucin positivity was present in four. Focal somatostatin immunoreactivity was present in four cases, serotonin in three cases, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in two cases, and gastrin (G) in one case. Endocrine cell hyperplasia was identified in the gastric mucosa of eight of 11 patients, including all cases with pernicious anemia; in three of eight cases, G-cell hyperplasia was evident. Numbers of serotonin-positive cells were increased in areas of intestinal metaplasia in all cases. In two patients, there was marked endocrine-cell hyperplasia with multiple small carcinoid tumorlets; the tumorlets stained for G in one. Gastric intestinal metaplasia includes intestinal-like endocrine cells. An association exists between atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoids, and there is a histogenetic link between atrophic gastritis and some cases of gastric carcinoid tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Myeloid metaplasia presenting as a splenic mass: report of a case with fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Myeloid metaplasia, i.e., the formation of bone marrow elements outside of the medullary cavity, may occur in any patient with anemia, regardless of the etiology of the anemia itself. The spleen is frequently the site of myeloid metaplasia, and it may present with varying degrees of splenomegaly; however, no cases have been reported where this entity presented as an isolated splenic mass. Our case was a 79-yr-old man who presented with anemia and a splenic mass by CT scan and who underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of that mass. The smears revealed megakaryocytes admixed with other hematopoietic elements. No fatty elements were identified in the smears. We conclude that splenic myeloid metaplasia may present as a discrete splenic mass lesion, and may be diagnosed using the FNA technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of granulocytic sarcoma and myeloid metaplasia.

The fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of two cases of granulocytic sarcoma involving the breast is reported along with the FNA cytology of one case of myeloid metaplasia (extramedullary hematopoiesis) involving an axillary lymph node. Two patients had known myeloproliferative disorders, while granulocytic sarcoma of the breast was the initial presentation of an unsuspected acute granulocytic leukemia in the other patient. Diff-Quik-stained preparations aided in the diagnosis of all three cases. Immunoperoxidase stains for factor VIII-related antigen helped confirm the megakaryocytic differentiation of the cells in the FNA cytology of myeloid metaplasia. Electron microscopic (EM) examination performed on the aspirated material also showed megakaryocytic differentiation of the bizarre cells. FNA cytology can make a specific diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma and myeloid metaplasia. The workup of these unusual extramedullary myeloproliferative masses was aided when immunocytochemistry and EM were performed on the aspirated material.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Expression of glutathione s-transferase pi in benign mucosa, Barrett's metaplasia, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

BACKGROUND: Glutathione s-transferase pi (GSTpi) is an enzyme that provides cellular protection against redox-mediated damage by free radicals, which have been implicated in carcinogenesis. METHODS: Forty-three consecutive specimens from 19 patients were reviewed to identify samples of squamous mucosa, Barrett's metaplasia, adenocarcinoma, and peritumoral inflammation. Serial sections were stained with an anti-GSTpi polyclonal antibody, and GSTpi expression was quantified for each histologic group. RESULTS: GSTpi expression was diminished in peritumoral mononuclear inflammatory cells (p <.001) compared with squamous epithelium, Barrett's metaplasia, or adenocarcinoma. Barrett's metaplasia exhibited decreased GSTpi expression compared with squamous mucosa (p =.045). GSTpi expression by >50% of adenocarcinoma cells was associated with an increased risk (2.25x) of disease at last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: GSTpi is prominently expressed in esophageal squamous mucosa and adenocarcinoma. Mononuclear cells may be susceptible to oxidative damage secondary to weak GSTpi production. GSTpi may protect the tumor cells themselves from the cytotoxic effects of free radicals. The biochemical role of GSTpi expression in malignant transformation deserves further investigation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia showing excellent response to chemotherapy.

Breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia is considered a rare disease, but several cases have been reported recently. We report a case of breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia that was StageIV,(T4bN0M1b (PUL)), on the basis of the Japanese General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Recording of Breast Cancer, which responded well to chemotherapy. A 58-year-old women visited our hospital with a chief complaint of a palpable breast mass that had increased in size in March 2002. It was 20 x 15 x 14 cm and occupied the entire right breast. Chest computed tomography (CT) demonstrated multiple lung metastases. Histology of the biopsy specimens revealed a spindle-shaped cell carcinoma. It was ER(-), PgR(-), and HER2/neu Score 0. CAF was given to the patient as preoperative chemotherapy. Five cycles of treatment yielded improvement at the primary site and improvement of the metastatic lung lesions, which was judged as a partial response. Subsequently, one cycle of weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 and oral administration of 5'-DFUR 800 mg/day were given. In November 2002, the patient underwent a right simple mastectomy with whole-layer skin grafting from the abdomen. The final pathological diagnosis was a rare type of breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia. Preoperative chemotherapy had caused necrosis in most of the tumor cells, and the efficacy was judged as Grade 2. From the third week postoperatively, weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) was given. Six months after the operation, the multiple lung metastases were completely eliminated and new metastasis to liver or bone or local recurrence have not been observed.

Breast Neoplasms↗