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Results for “MASTOID”

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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Iatrogenic injuries of the facial nerve in the mastoid region].

During the past ten years nine patients were referred to our hospital with lesions of the VIIth nerve. These lesions were inflicted during operation on account of chronic otitis media. One patient recovered after conservative treatment. Based on the EMG examination and clinical picture, eight patients were operated. In one who had an extensive lesion it did not prove possible to find the proximal stump and the patient improved after Normann-Dott's operation. In the remaining seven subjects also severe damage was involved: five times complete severing of the nerve occurred, twice partial severing and contusion, always in the mastoid portion of the VIIth nerve. The authors achieved as a rule a 50-75% restoration of function of the VIIth nerve Ballance-Duel's operation, using a graft of the n. suralis with microsuture of the epineurium and gluing of the nerve by plasma. Evaluation of late functional results was made 1-8 years after Ballance-Duel's operation. The authors recommend to reduce the risk of iatrogenic lesions of the VIIth nerve in beginners by assistance of experienced surgeons at several operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral circulation in arterio-sinus anastomoses of the occipito-mastoid area].

The hemodynamic indices were studied in 12 patients with anastomoses in the occipito-mastoid region before and after operation for disconnection of the shunts. Exclusion of the shunt between large arterial vessels from the blood supply lead to marked correction of the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid and blood in the brain: the cerebrospinal fluid and venous pressure in the internal jugular veins and superior sagittal sinus decreased, the perfusion pressure in the brain increased, the cerebral circulation time was accelerated, the consumption of oxygen by the brain and the arterio-venous difference in oxygen increased, and the acid-base condition and gases in the blood returned to normal levels.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of a neglected traumatic perforation of the cervical esophagus by a muscular flap from the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle. Apropos of a case].

The diagnosis and management of oesophageal perforation is quite a problem. When the perforation is diagnosed early, treatment is easy with subsequently good results. When the diagnosis is delayed, treatment become complex, with a morbidity rate of about 35% and a high morbidity. This simple case report, describe the use of a sternocleido-mastoid muscle flap in the repair of a traumatic cervical oesophageal perforation with important loss of substance.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Endolymphatic mastoid shunt surgery in unilateral Menière's disease.

One-hundred endolymphatic mastoid shunt operations in patients with classic unilateral Meniere's disease were analyzed. The patients were carefully preselected with a comprehensive protocol of audiovestibular and metabolic investigations. All patients had definitive electrophysiologic evidence of endolymphatic hydrops with an enhanced negative summating potential on transtympanic electrocochleography. The surgical results were analyzed both by the original American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Guidelines (AAOO, 1972), and the more recent modifications of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AA-HNS, 1985). Control of vertigo was achieved in 79% of the patients overall, with 42% sustaining complete control and 37% substantial control. A significant hearing improvement was obtained in 15% of cases, there was no change in 56% of patients, and hearing became worse in 29%. Tinnitus improved following surgery in 35% of patients, was the same in 56%, and worse in 9%. Postoperatively, there was no disability in 42% of the patients, some degree of disability in 50%, and severe disability and inability to sustain gainful employment in only 8%.

Adolescent↗