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PubMed1982

Use of monoclonal antibodies to analyze peripheral blood and salivary gland lymphocyte subsets in Sjögren's syndrome.

Using monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens, we studied lymphocyte subsets in 15 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. The absolute number of OKT8-positive cells (reactive with T suppressor/cytotoxic cells) was significantly decreased in such patients (353 +/- 186/mm3) compared to age-matched controls (631 +/- 150/mm3) (P less than 0.001). The number of OKT4-positive cells (reactive with T helper/inducer cells) was comparable in both groups (932 +/- 588/mm3 versus 1.073 +/- 290/mm3). The ratio of OKT4/OKT8-reactive peripheral blood lymphocytes was increased (greater than 2.4) in 67% of these patients and ranged from 1.0 to 6.4 (normal = 1.8 +/- 0.3). OKT4-positive cells were the predominant subset in lip biopsy specimens stained with immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase techniques; the OKT4/OKT8 ratio exceeded 3.0 in all 5 patients examined. In 1 patient with pseudolymphoma, a lymph node biopsy specimen contained 80% T cells with an OKT4/OKT8 ratio of 3.2. Thus, OKT4-positive cells predominated in the peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as in sites of inflammation in primary Sjögren's syndrome. The decreased number of OKT8-positive cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome was probably not caused by circulating autoantibody, since patients' sera did not react with normal OKT8-positive cells. Functional studies using pokeweed mitogen demonstrated that T helper cell activity for immunoglobulin synthesis was contained in the OKT4-positive subset in both normal and patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes. Removal of OKT8-positive cells by complement-mediated lysis did not lead to increased immunoglobulin synthesis or production of rheumatoid factor. The identification of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets by use of monoclonal antibodies and the relationship of these subsets to tissue infiltrates and autoantibody production provide further insight into the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential effects of dexamethasone on the thymus and spleen: alterations in programmed cell death, lymphocyte subsets and activation of T cells.

The kinetics of DEX-induced changes in lymphocytes from the thymus and spleen of normal mice were examined in relation to cell numbers, programmed cell death (PCD), in vitro proliferative response to anti-CD3 antibodies or Con-A, and changes in lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. The above aspects were examined at 48, 24, 18, and 3 h after a single intraperitoneal injection of DEX. Profound reduction of thymocyte numbers was noticed particularly at 48 (74-84%) and 24 (43-55%) h after DEX administration. PCD of thymocytes was not detectable at 48 h, marginally detectable at 24 h, markedly evident at 18 h, and minimally detectable at 3 h pi of DEX. PCD in splenic lymphocytes of DEX-treated mice was not clearly evident at these time points. Thymocytes from mice exposed to DEX (48 or 24 h) proliferated vigorously when cultured in the presence of anti-CD3 or Con-A, thereby suggesting that the remaining thymocytes can transduce activation signals. In contrast, splenic lymphocytes from the same animals responded poorly to these stimulants. Flow cytometric studies revealed that there was a marked increase in number of thymocytes expressing CD3+ (4-6 fold) and alpha beta TCR+ (2-7 fold) surface molecules. On the other hand, no major changes in CD3+ or alpha beta TCR+ cells were noticed in the spleen of DEX-treated mice. Although the total numbers of cells expressing heat stable antigen, M1/69, were not markedly altered after DEX treatment, the fluorescent intensity profile was modified. There were no remarkable changes in CD45RB+ cells in these mice. CD44+ cells were not decreased in DEX-treated thymocytes or splenic lymphocytes. Our results suggest that DEX has differential effects on the thymus and the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pulmonary inflammation and immune responses during the course of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection: lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of rats.

Quantitative measurements were made of different phenotypes of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats during the course of a primary or secondary infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. These changes were compared with those in the peripheral blood to understand the site-specificity of the responses. Following infection, there was a significant increase in both B and T lymphocytes in BALF. The CD4:CD8 ratio was significantly altered with a decreased ratio on day 2 and increased ratio on days 16 and 32 post infection (p.i.). Two colour analysis showed that during larval migration through the lungs (day 2 p.i.) there was a significant increase in CD8+, CD4+ OX22+ and CD4+ OX22- cells in BALF. As infection progressed in time, CD4+ OX22- cells were increased significantly. Compared to primary infection, a secondary infection resulted in increased recovery of CD4+ OX22- cells in BALF. These changes were not readily appreciated in the peripheral blood, suggesting site-specific compartmentalization of lymphocyte responses in the lung. The functional significance of these dynamic changes in lymphocyte subsets in the airspaces following infection remains to be identified.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Regulation and function of cyclin D2 in B lymphocyte subsets.

Abs produced by B lymphocytes play an essential role in humoral immunity against pathogens. This response is dependent upon the extent of genome replication, which in turn allows clonal expansion of Ag-specific B cell precursors. Thus, there is considerable interest in understanding how naive B cells commit to genome replication following Ag challenge. The BCR is a key regulator of B cell growth responses in the bone marrow and the periphery. The importance of identifying BCR-coupled signaling networks and their cell cycle targets is underscored by the recognition that aberrant cell cycle control can lead to lymphoproliferative disorders or lymphoid malignancies. This review focuses on recent progress toward understanding the function of cyclin D2 in cell cycle control, and in the development of murine B lymphocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The role of two distinct endothelial molecules, vascular adhesion protein-1 and peripheral lymph node addressin, in the binding of lymphocyte subsets to human lymph nodes.

Lymphocyte binding to high endothelial venules (HEV) in noninflamed peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) relies heavily on two endothelial adhesion molecules called vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) defined by mAb 1B2 and the peripheral lymph node addressins (PNAd) defined by mAb MECA-79. Data from several different groups indicate that these two molecules share several characteristics in expression, biochemical structure, and function, raising the possibility that VAP-1 may be identical to the 170- and 90-kDa species of PNAd glycoproteins. In this study, we show that many PLN HEV coexpress these two molecules. In parallel SDS-PAGE analyses, the m.w. of the 90- and 170-kDa forms of these molecules are indistinguishable. Nevertheless, we show by different metabolic labelings, by reciprocal cross-precipitations, and by immunofluorescence stainings of newly established VAP-1 transfectants that the 90- and 170-kDa species of PNAd and VAP-1 are distinct molecules. In functional terms, VAP-1 is strikingly selective in mediating PLN HEV adhesion of CD8-positive, but not of CD4-positive T cells. In contrast, PNAd contributes to the adhesion of both CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells to these vessels. Together, these data show that initial adhesion of CD8-positive lymphocytes to PLN HEV requires a PNAd- and a VAP-1-dependent step that are both essential and may occur simultaneously or sequentially.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1988

[Two color analysis of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with cancers during and after radiotherapy].

Lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in patients with cancers were analyzed through two color analysis using FCM. Leu-2/Leu-3 and Leu-2+15+/Leu-8-3+ were compared during radiotherapy and periods of follow up in cases with uterine cervical ca. and lung ca. They did not show similar tendencies but just a opposite one in some cases. Both of them, on the other hand, did not appear to be related with the prognosis of patients. However, CTL and NK (potent) did show a relevance with it through the period of follow up. They might be indices which allow to predict the clinical course of Patients with cancers. Further study is now in progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Studies on peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in 60 cases of Graves' disease (GD) and 16 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were determined by the use of OKT monoclonal antibodies (McAb). The results showed that in both diseases OKT3 cells (total T cells) and OKT8 cells (suppressor T cells, TS cells) were lower and the ratio of OKT4 cells (helper T cells, TH cells) OKT8 cells was much higher than those in normal controls. GD patients who were treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD) and whose serum T3, T4 recovered to normal, could be further divided into subgroups of high OKT4/OKT8 cell ratio and of normal ratio. The pathogenesis, treatment and relapse of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) were discussed in this paper on the basis of the results.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin E supplementation and oxidative status of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphocyte subsets in hemodialysis patients.

Increased oxidative damage to cell membrane constituents causes profound changes in the membrane cytoarchitecture and modifications of the membrane physiological properties, e.g., the ability to respond to hormonal stimuli. In uremic patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis, a metabolic block of the phosphate pentose shunt has been described. This leads to insufficient detoxication of the hydroxyl radicals formed within the cells and therefore to increased oxidative damage to the polyunsaturated fatty acid constituents of the cell membranes. Vitamin E is known to reduce this oxidative damage and its harmful effects. We studied vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol acetate) administration in 10 chronically uremic patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis for positive effects on cell membrane-receptor response. The patients were studied before and after treatment for the extent of oxidative damage in peripheral mononuclear cells and for response to monoclonal antibodies to specific markers of T-lymphocyte subsets. After vitamin E treatment, oxidative damage decreased, and the membranes of peripheral mononuclear cells contained greater amounts of some unsaturated fatty acids. This is in agreement with a modification of the membrane phenotype markers of T-lymphocyte subsets and seems to confirm in vivo that changes in membrane structure first induced by increased oxidative damage due to the blockage of the phosphate pentose shunt can be reduced by the antioxidant action of vitamin E, which significantly influences the expression of membrane determinants.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Circulating activated T lymphocyte subsets in patients with silent thyroiditis.

In order to investigate the immunological aspects of silent thyroiditis, T lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by two-color flow cytometry in 10 patients with silent thyroiditis in the thyrotoxic phase, 12 patients with silent thyroiditis in the recovery phase, and 11 healthy volunteers as a control. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells were similar in all three groups. In contrast, activated matured T (HLA-DR+CD3+), activated helper/inducer T (HLA-DR+CD4+) and activated suppressor/cytotoxic T (HLA-DR+CD8+) cells were more numerous in both the thyrotoxic and the recovery phases of patients with silent thyroiditis when compared with healthy controls. In a serial study of 6 patients with silent thyroiditis, the percentage of activated helper/inducer T (HLA-DR+CD4+) cells was higher in the thyrotoxic phase than in the recovery phase. These data indicate that the activation of T cells, especially of helper/inducer T cells, might be important for the induction of silent thyroiditis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Recirculation and homing of lymphocyte subsets: dual homing specificity of beta 7-integrin(high)-lymphocytes in nonobese diabetic mice.

The beta 7-integrin subunit can pair with two alpha-chains, alpha 4 and alpha E, and is expressed mainly on lymphocytes. As an alpha 4-heterodimer it binds to the mucosal addressin MAdCAM-1, thus acting as a mucosal homing receptor. As an alpha E-heterodimer it binds to E-cadherin and is mainly found on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Consequently, beta 7 is mostly expressed on lymphocytes of the mucosal immune system. To study the compartmentalization of these cells further we compared the distribution of such lymphocytes in two strains of mice (BALB/c and NOD) and found that the distribution of beta 7-positive lymphocytes among various lymphoid tissues in these strains was very different. In NOD mice a conspicuous population of beta 7-integrin(high) lymphocytes expressing either alpha 4, alpha E, or both, was found in nonmucosal lymphoid tissues such as peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs). They mostly expressed the PLN homing receptor L-selectin, and included both naive and memory cells on the basis of their expression of CD44/pgp-1 and CD45RB, as did the few beta 7(high) lymphocytes in BALB/c PLNs. Their homing to Peyer's patches (PPs) and PLNs was equally effective and the cells homing to PPs and PLNs were equal in their level of L-selectin and alpha 4/beta 7 expression. However, functional studies indicated that their homing to PPs mostly depended on alpha 4/beta 7-integrin, whereas they mainly used L-selectin to home to PLNs. beta 7(high) lymphocytes were found also in circulating blood of unmanipulated NOD mice, and their L-selectin expression was higher than in BALB/c mice. These results show that lymphocytes of the mucosal immune system may also express the peripheral node homing receptor L-selectin during their recirculation and that in NOD mice they frequently retain a dual homing specificity, which leads to their accumulation in nonmucosal tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Investigation of bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in normal, reactive, and neoplastic states using paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens.

Bone marrow lymphocyte subsets in normal and reactive states and in neoplastic diseases involving the marrow were investigated with a select panel of monoclonal antibodies reactive on routinely processed, paraffin-embedded trephine biopsy material. In all cases, the antibodies beta F1 and UCHL1 (CD45RO) stained virtually equal numbers of T cells (reactive and neoplastic), whereas antibody OPD4 stained only about one half of this number of T cells. Antibody L26 (CD20) stained B cells (reactive and neoplastic) in all specimens. The T-cell to B-cell ratio in the normal marrow was between 4:1 and 5:1, and a significant increase in T-cell numbers was observed in reactive and myelodysplastic states. A significant increase in B-cell numbers, however, was seen only in marrow infiltrated by B-cell lymphoma. Bone marrow exhibiting infiltrates of B-cell lymphoma, acute leukemia, or myeloproliferative disorders showed normal or decreased numbers of T cells. These findings show that antibodies UCHL1, beta F1, and L26 can be used to determine the numbers of B and T lymphocytes in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed bone marrow specimens and thus may help to distinguish reactive T lymphocytosis from B-cell lymphoma.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1996

Lymphocyte subsets and adhesion molecules in cutaneous inflammation induced by inflammatory agonists: correlation between E-selectin and gamma delta TcR+ lymphocytes.

Kinetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in leukocyte subsets and adhesion-molecule expression is characteristic of many inflammatory conditions. We have studied the effect of various cytokines and inflammatory agonists on the type of leukocyte present and the adhesion molecules expressed in acute lesions (up to 3 days old) in porcine skin by immunohistology. Four major histocompatability complex-homozygous inbred pigs received replicate intradermal injections of IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, PMA, or PHA. Injections were timed so that lesions were obtained at 2, 4, 9, and 24 hours. Another two animals were studied at time points up to 72 hours. Leukocyte subsets and endothelial adhesion molecules were visualized on cryosections by use of monoclonal antibodies and alkaline phosphatase immunohistologic techniques. Substantial heterogeneity in leukocyte phenotypes was observed with all agonists, with lymphocyte subsets showing the greatest variation. Thus, CD2+ and gamma delta TcR+ (Null) T lymphocytes were present in all lesions, but to a varying extent such that few T cells were seen after PMA injection, approximately equal proportions of each after TNF-alpha, but substantially more gamma delta TcR+ (Null) lymphocytes were noted after PHA administration. Endothelial adhesion molecules were also variously affected, with E-selectin (CD62E) being transiently up-regulated by IL-1 alpha but CD62E showed early and sustained expression after TNF-alpha and PHA administration. The E-selectin ligand was demonstrated on infiltrating gamma delta TcR+ lymphocytes by use of a recombinant porcine E-selectin. The L-selectin ligand, identified by the mAb MECA-79, was only observed in late acute sites (< 24 hours) of TNF-alpha and PHA. Endothelial expression of class II major histocompatability complex was also variously up-regulated by all agonists. The results underline the heterogeneity of leukocyte phenotypes and endothelial adhesion molecule expression in acute cutaneous lesions dependent upon the nature of the inflammatory agonist and indicate an association between endothelial E-selectin and the presence of a gamma delta TcR+ (Null) T lymphocyte subset.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Abnormal naive and memory T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with uveitis.

PURPOSE: To better define the role of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of uveitis, we studied the expression of memory and naive cell markers on T lymphocytes from peripheral blood. METHODS: Surface antigens on T lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood of 27 patients with uveitis, including 12 patients with Behçet's disease (BD), 7 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), and 8 patients with idiopathic uveitis (IU), were detected by three-color flow cytometric analysis. Lymphocytes from 14 age-matched healthy control subjects were similarly evaluated. RESULTS: The percentage of T lymphocytes that were CD4+CD29+ lymphocytes (memory cells) was high in all patients with uveitis, while that of CD4+CD45RA+ lymphocytes (naive cells) was lower in patients with BD and VKH, although the difference was not statistically significant. The percentage of CD29+ cells within CD3+CD4+ cell population was significantly higher in patients with BD and VKH than in the controls (p < 0.01), and the percentage of CD45RA+ cells was significantly lower in BD patients than in controls (p < 0.01). The T lymphocyte subsets in patients with IU were similar to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results show an abnormal distribution of T lymphocytes in patients with uveitis associated with an underlying systemic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Study on the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets in the patients with endometriosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with endometriosis. METHODS: The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum, and peritoneal fluid of 30 cases with endometriosis were detected using enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay and compared with those of 20 non-endometriosis cases. The expression of IL-2 and IL-6 in ectopic endometrial tissue from the patients with endometriosis and the endometrial tissues of 10 normal women was investigated by immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: Significantly elevated levels of IL-6 (cytokines of T help cell 2) were found in the serum and peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis (Median: 5.3 ng/L, 2.1 ng/L, P < 0.05) compared with that of non-endometriosis patients median: 2.5 ng/L, 0.9 ng/L). The level of IL-6 in the serum and peritoneal fluid of endometriosis patients in early stages (stages I, II) was 3.7 ng/L, 1.6 ng/L, significantly lower than those in advanced stages (stages III, IV) (13.6 ng/L, 4.1 ng/L) (P < 0.05). The ratio of IL-2/IL-6 in the serum and peritoneal fluid in patients with endometriosis (0.7, 1.1) was significantly lower than those in the control non-endometriosis group (0.8, 6.2, P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 detected in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis had a positive correlation with those in the serum (r = 0.745, P < 0.01). The levels of IL-6 in serum and peritoneal fluid in the patients with endometriosis had a negative correlation with the IL-2/IL-6 ratios in the serum and peritoneal fluid respectively (r = -0.406, r = -0.480, P < 0.05). IL-2 and IL-6 were expressed in the interstitial cells of ectopic endometrial tissue, with an expression rate of 56.7%, and 60.0% respectively. There was significant difference in the expression of IL-2 and IL-6 between the ectopic endometrial tissue and normal endometrial tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of IL-6 in the serum and peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis are increased, implying that IL-6 might play a role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. The ratio of IL-2/IL-6 in the serum and peritoneal fluid was decreased in patients with endometriosis compared with the control group, suggesting shift of Th1 cell toward Th2 cell in patients with endometriosis. Stronger expression of IL-2 and IL-6 in the ectopic endometrial tissues may contribute to the disturbed immune regulation in patients with endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Recurrent aphthous ulcers in association with HIV infection. Description of ulcer types and analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets.

This study was conducted to characterize the recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) found in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, to examine evidence for increased severity of the ulcers with HIV disease, and to determine whether increased severity is associated with abnormalities of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. Seventy-five HIV-seropositive patients with RAU were followed for up to 2 years, and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed in 42. Minor, herpetiform, and major ulcer types were seen, but unexpectedly, 66% of the patients had the usually uncommon herpetiform and major types. These types were temporally associated with symptomatic HIV disease. Patients with major RAU were significantly more immunosuppressed than those with minor or herpetiform RAU in that they had fewer CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes (p less than 0.05). The lesion of RAU is considered to represent a local breakdown in immunoregulation. The systemic immune imbalance seen with HIV disease may amplify the local defect and lead to more severe ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Proliferative response of mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients to B-cell mitogens: effects of lymphocyte subset frequency, T-cell defects and prostaglandins.

Proliferative responses of mononuclear cells from patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus to B-cell mitogens are severely depressed compared with those of controls. The role of several immunoregulatory phenomena was analyzed. Experimental results show that addition of exogenous lymphokines to cultures increases responses to anti-mu and SAC. Addition of indomethacin to cultures greatly increases the SAC response and causes a smaller increase in the pokeweed mitogen (PWM) response. When both exogenous lymphokines and indomethacin are present in cultures, responses of patients' cells to all three mitogens are positively correlated with the percentage of CD4+ T cells and negatively correlated with the percentage of CD8+ T cells. Responses to anti-mu and SAC are also positively correlated with the percentage of B cells in these cultures. On the basis of these correlations between B-cell responses and lymphocyte subset frequency, patients' B-cell responses can be mathematically corrected to estimate the responsiveness of the B cells in the presence of normal numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ cells. These corrected responses for all three mitogens are virtually identical to control responses. Furthermore, responses of enriched B-cell populations from HIV+ subjects and normal controls to SAC were not significantly different when assays were performed in the presence of indomethacin and exogenous lymphokines. These results suggest that B cells from HIV+ patients are inherently normal in their responsiveness to B-cell mitogens. The depressed function is imposed upon them as a result of the abnormal frequency of lymphocyte subsets in the blood, by increased prostaglandin production, and deficient lymphokine production.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1999

Expression of lymphocyte subsets after exercise and dexamethasone in high and low stress responders.

PURPOSE: Recent work indicates that among the normal population, persons can be classified as low (LR) or high (HR) stress responders based on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses to high-intensity exercise. We studied whether differential activation of the HPA axis affected cytokine production and expression of selected lymphocyte subsets in HR and LR in response to high-intensity exercise after placebo and dexamethasone (DEX; 4 mg). METHODS: Healthy HR (N = 12) and LR (N = 10) underwent two exercise tests at 90% of VO2max, 8 h after placebo or DEX. Expression of lymphocyte surface markers (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD56+), adhesion molecule markers (intercellular adhesion molecule-1/ICAM-1: CD54+ and L-selectin: CD62L+), and concentrations of plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) were examined before and after exercise. RESULTS: Baseline percentages of CD8+ and CD56+ cells were significantly higher, and concentrations of IL-6 and percentages of CD4+ cells were significantly lower in HR as compared with LR. The percentage of CD54+ and CD62L+ cells was not significantly different in HR and LR. DEX significantly reduced the percentage of CD3+ and CD4+ and increased the percentage of CD8+ and CD56+ subsets; the percent of cells expressing CD54+ increased, whereas CD62L+ decreased. Exercise-induced changes in the percentage of lymphocyte subsets were similar to those induced by DEX. CONCLUSION: In summary, HR and LR have different baseline patterns of IL-6 and lymphocyte subsets, which may reflect differential sensitivity to endogenous glucocorticoids. However, exogenous glucocorticoids induced similar patterns of lymphocyte expression in HR and LR.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1999

Lymphocyte subsets in neonatal and juvenile cats: comparison of blood and lymphoid tissues.

OBJECTIVE: To compare lymphocyte subpopulations in the blood and lymphoid tissues of normal kittens between 1 and 90 days of age. METHODS: Lymphocyte subsets within the blood, thymus, and lymph node of 24 normal kittens were quantified by use of two-color fluorescence flow cytometry and were compared at 1, 23, 46, or 90 days after birth. RESULTS: Blood B and T lymphocytes increased over the 90-day postnatal period. The CD4+ and CD8+ sub-populations of T lymphocytes increased. However, CD8+ lymphocytes increased more than did CD4+ lymphocytes, resulting in reduced CD4-to-CD8 ratio. By 23 days of age, similar but more abrupt changes in the CD4-to-CD8 ratio occurred in the thymus and lymph nodes, coinciding with the highest thymus-to-body weight ratio and gradual increase in mature thymocytes expressing a pan-T lymphocyte marker. CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal thymopoiesis in the domestic cat favors production of mature CD8+ T lymphocytes over CD4+ T lymphocytes. This coincides with the emergence of CD8+ lymphocytes in the lymph node and precedes a more gradual increase in CD8+ cells in the blood. Therefore, the ontogeny of these effectors of cell-mediated immunity could be interrupted by infective agents that target lymphoid tissues of the neonate.

Aging↗