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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Transbronchial lung biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphangitic carcinomatosis.

The clinical diagnosis of lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung has generally been confirmed by open lung or transthoracic needle biopsy, precedures with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients with respiratory insufficiency. We present six cases of lymphangitic carcinomatosis diagnosed by transbronchial biopsy. Autopsy confirmation was obtained in 4 patients and ultrastructural confirmation of intralymphatic location of tumor in one. The diffuse bronchial and peribronchial lymphatic involvement demonstrated here suggests that this relatively noninvasive technique should be the procedure of choice in the diagnosis of lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Perfusion lung scan: an aid in detection of lymphangitic carcinomatosis.

Lymphangitic carcinomatosis is usually a late manifestation of metastatic disease. The patient usually presents with cough or dyspnea, and the chest radiograph is often nondiagnostic. Two patients are presented who developed symptoms while on adjuvant chemotherapy. Both had abnormal perfusion lung scans. One had matching ventilation defects; the other a normal ventilation study. Biopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma; in one case tumor was seen in both the pulmonary lymphatics and arterioles; in technique which can speed diagnosis and institution of therapy in lymphangitic carcinomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. A study of 47 patients with primary manifestation in the lung.

Forty-seven cases of primary well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (WDL) of the lung were studied. Diagnosis was based on histologic identification of a lymphangitic pattern of infiltration and monomorphous (homogenous) cytologic composition. Nineteen cases (40%) had ancillary evidence supportive of a diagnosis of lymphoma including simultaneous or subsequent involvement of other organs, monoclonal immunologic markers, or a monoclonal serum gammopathy. The prognosis for the group as a whole was excellent; follow-up (median, 4 years) was available for 33 cases. Only one patient has died of lymphoma. The authors discuss the histologic differential diagnosis of lymphocytic infiltrates in the lung, propose criteria to distinguish reactive from neoplastic lymphocytic lesions, and discuss the significance of monoclonality in the management of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role and extent of lymphadenectomy for early breast cancer.

A better understanding of the locoregional and systemic approaches to breast cancer over the past decade and one-half has altered the perspective on surgical management of the axilla. An increased awareness of the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate staging has focused further attention on the extent of resection of axillary lymph nodes. Examined here are the anatomy and physiology of the axillary lymph nodes, their clinical evaluation, the significance of histologic evaluation, a discussion of the procedure's role in staging and therapy, and a presentation of the complications of axillary lymph node dissection. It is in this light that we discuss the extent of axillary lymphadenectomy in early diagnosis of breast cancer.

Axilla↗
PubMed1995

Increased numbers of cytokeratin-positive interstitial reticulum cells (CIRC) in reactive, inflammatory and neoplastic lymphadenopathies: hyperplasia or induced expression?

A total of 291 enlarged lymph nodes showing a range of reactive-inflammatory processes, primary and metastatic neoplasms were studied to determine the distribution and immunoprofile of their cytokeratin-positive interstitial reticulum cells (CIRC) in comparison with normal nodes. In 258/291 nodes (89%), CIRC numbers were distinctly increased in the subcapsular, paracortical and, occasionally, in the medullary zones; often, these increased CIRC formed networks around follicles, sinuses and vessels. CIRC had comparatively small, irregularly shaped bodies and dendritic processes; occasionally, giant forms were noted. CIRC contained cytokeratins (CK) 8 and 18 but not 19, as shown by immunohistochemistry, and by gel electrophoresis with subsequent immunoblotting. They co-expressed vimentin consistently, alpha-smooth-muscle actin frequently, and desmin less frequently. They did not contain desmoplakins, Factor VIII, S-100, LCA, B and T lymphocyte- and macrophage-associated antigens, chromogranin A, synaptophysin or the A-80 glycoprotein. We found no clear correlation between the increased CIRC and given nodal disease processes. However, CIRC were most abundant in nodes free of but draining malignant tumours; bizarre CIRC assemblies were noted in HIV lymphadenopathy. CIRC appear to represent a subset of the so-called "fibroblastic reticulum cells" of lymph nodes. Their function remains undetermined; their increase in diverse lymphadenopathies suggests that they partake in nodal reactions to injury. It remains unclear whether the increase in CIRC relative number is due to proliferation or to CK gene induction processes but their presence and potential capability to undergo hyperplasia with dysplastic forms should alert pathologists to possible diagnostic pitfalls. In addition, we discuss that CIRC may undergo transformation and represent the "cell of origin" of certain CK-positive tumours restricted to lymph nodes.

Cytoskeletal Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Bilateral massive ovarian oedema--report of a case due to lymphangiitis carcinomatosa.

A 40 year-old Caucasian woman, with clinical and radiological evidence of pulmonary lymphangiitis carcinomatosa presented with weight loss, productive cough and lower abdominal pain. At operation, she was found to have massive bilateral ovarian oedema. No abdominal primary tumour was found. A transbronchial biopsy showed extensive infiltration by a poorly differentiated, focally necrotic cribriform adenocarcinoma and there was extensive lymphatic permeation by this metastatic carcinoma in the stroma of the cervix uteri, myometrium, mesosalpinx, mesoovarii, surface of the ovaries, rectosigmoid colonic wall and peritoneal fat. The cut surface of the enlarged, soft and fluctuant ovaries oozed oedema fluid readily. Histologically, there was wide separation of the stromal cells by oedema in the ovaries which contained many dilated lymphatics. Compression and collagenization of the outer cortex was noted. The pathogenesis of the massive ovarian oedema was apparently due to neoplastic obstruction of the lymphatic system.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of chemotherapeutic effects on gastric cancer in relation to the histological pattern.

A combination of MFC (Mitomycin-C, 5-FU and Cytosine arabinoside) was administered to 32 gastric cancer patients and study was made of the therapeutic efficacy in relation to the histological pattern. In evaluation based on the degree of cancer cell infiltration (INF), chemotherapy was more effective in cases with INF alpha and beta than those with INF gamma. As for the grade of follicular hyperplasia in regional lymph nodes of gastric cancer, the higher was the grade, the more effective was the chemotherapy. However, a significant relationship could not be observed between histological pattern of stromal reaction of the gastric cancer and clinical effects of chemotherapy. The grade of lymphocyte infiltration or connective tissue reaction in the stroma was not related with the therapeutic effects. No relationship was also obtained between the grade of sinus histiocytosis of lymphoid reaction in the lymph nodes and therapeutic effects.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis.

A case report and review of the world literature are presented to examine all the reported cases of cervical carcinoma manifesting as pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis in order to better understand this rare condition. The clinical and pathologic features of this disease process are reviewed, as are potential treatment options. We present the first reported case of an immunocompromised patient with cervical carcinoma and pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis with a prospective diagnosis made by transbronchial biopsy. Given that this condition carries a uniformly fatal prognosis, unwanted therapy may result from a missed diagnosis. A prospective pathologic diagnosis by transbronchial biopsy may guide appropriate therapy in these patients.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1979

A simple method to control Brugia timori by diethylcarbamazine administration.

The results of mass treatment using 50 mg diethylcarbamazine per kg body-weight followed one year later by short term selective re-treatment in a highly endemic area of Brugia timori are described. The criteria for selection of re-treatment are simple and practical for use in rural areas. The microfilaria rate by finger prick decreased from 24% to 0 and by Nuclepore filtration from 30% to 2.5%. The disease rates were also affected favourably. 88% of persons receiving the drug reacted to treatment, this percentage slightly exceeding the total filarial infection rate (71%). The prevalence, onset, duration and nature of side reactions are briefly discussed and related to the presence of microfilaraemia and disease manifestations among the study population.

Brugia↗
PubMed1983

Immune reactions to Wuchereria bancrofti infections in Tanzania. I. Serum-mediated adherence of leucocytes to microfilariae in vitro, using serum from different groups of patients.

Studies on serum-mediated adherence of leucocytes to microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti in vitro were carried out in an area of Tanzania endemic for filarial infections. Patients were divided into age-matched groups according to parasitological and clinical conditions. No adherence was seen with serum from microfilariae-positive patients (with or without clinical disease). A slightly, but not statistically significantly, higher prevalence of adherence-positive sera was found among hydrocele patients (27%) and lymphangitis/elephantiasis patients (33%) than among endemic control patients (20%). These three positive groups exhibited a marked difference in age distribution of prevalence of positivity, with very high prevalences found among young hydrocele patients (48%) and old lymphangitis/elephantiasis patients (63%). The hydrocele fluid from hydrocele patients with adherence-positive serum also mediated adherence.

Adolescent↗