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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Worm burden of onchocerca volvulus in a hyperendemic village of the rain-forest in West Africa.

During a study on the effects of nodulectomy on onchocerciasis in a village in the Liberian rain-forest 400 Onchocerca-nodules were excised from 34 inhabitants. The analysis of the nodules revealed a worm burden of 718 complete live male and 1062 complete live female worms as well as 9 male and 117 female worms which were mostly calcified and degenerating. 73% of the live females contained developing embryos or released microfilariae, the other females either contained eggs or showed empty uteri. Some observations were made on degenerating worms. The male:female sex ratio was 1:1.5 and possible reasons for this are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Epidemiological aspects of snake bites on a Liberian rubber plantation.

During a one-year period 95 patients with a history of snake bite were admitted to the hospital of a Liberian rubber plantation. The population at risk included the field workers (tappers and slashers) with an incidence of 4.2 symptomatic snake bites per thousand per year. The incidence of symptomatic bites was 1.7 per thousand in the group of non-field employees and 0.4 per thousand per year in the group of non-employees. The temporary disability was between 3 and 5 days, and the loss of workings days due to snake bites was one day per 10,000 working days on the plantation. Among the 95 patients 27 did not show any symptoms of envenoming except occasional fang marks. 64 patients developed cytotoxic symptoms alone. In this group, the night adder (Causus maculatus) was the main responsible snake. 4 patients showed signs of systemic envenoming. Two were haematological and two were neurological in nature and caused by Bitis species and Naja species, respectively. No fatalities were noted. A definite maximum of snake bites was observed during October and November which corresponds to the transition from rainy to dry season.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Epidemiological studies on the animal reservoir of gambiense sleeping sickness. Part I. Review of literature and description of the study areas.

A review of literature of the previous and recent evidence of potential animal reservoir hosts of gambiense sleeping sickness is given. A highly endemic sleeping sickness area in the Ivory Coast is described together with an area of recent low endemicity in southwestern Upper Volta. These areas were surveyed as part of a study on the significance of any potential animal reservoir of the disease. The results are described in detail in subsequent papers.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Osteoarthritis in some developing countries.

Only a few studies on osteoarthritis (OA) have been performed in developing countries. They all concern African populations. OA occurs less frequently in developing populations. Whether this is due to genetic or environmental factors or to selective forces like an excessive mortality at younger ages, is difficult to decide. Development of criteria for clinical degenerative joint disease is recommended. Furthermore studies are proposed on the geographical distribution of specific joint OA, the concept of generalized OA, the pattern of joint involvement, the natural history of degenerative joint disease, and the role of occupation, sports, and environmental factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A transepidermal chemotherapy of onchocerciasis.

Counts of microfilariae in the skin, and histological and electronmicroscopic procedures have been used to analyze the response of onchocerciasis patients to diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) given either orally or topically. Oral administration of DRC failed to eliminate all microfilariae. Transepidermal DEC resulted in rapid degeneration of microfilariae, and daily single applications of the drug greatly reduced or apparently eliminated microfilariae from the skin. Following weekly topical applications of a DEC emulsion, effective suppression of O. volvulus microfilariae in patients living in a hyperendemic area was maintained for many months; and the dermal pathology resolved.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

An open air holding system for chimpanzees in medical experiments.

Chimpanzee models often impose severe mental and physical suffering on these animals. We have developed an alternative system which provides for considerably more three dimensional movement and animal-to-animal interaction. It has been used for a period of 20 months in nonexperimental and 8 months in experimental animals. Presently 24 experimental animals, previously held in isolation cages for up to 4 years, are held on outside pads. Animals were transferred from isolation to large outdoor cages for readjustment prior to being put out on pads. Animals that had acquired behavioral abnormalities during their stay in isolation had a longer period of adjustment but now appear happy and are capable of normal interaction with their companions. Chimpanzees approaching sexual maturity and individuals over 5 years that have undergone hepatitis B and non-A, non-B infections are being transferred to a 6 hectare island situated in a river 10 km from the laboratory. Six animals present on the island since October 1978 are in good physical health and are the beginning of a future semi-free-ranging colony. They are fed daily on the same regimen as the main colony and receive monthly anthelmintic treatment in milk. There are presently no caged animals in the colony.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The identification of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in Liberian pigs and dogs by isoenzymes and by resistance to human plasma.

29 Trypanozoon stocks from Liberian pigs and dogs were screened for human plasma resistance and electrophoretic isoenzyme patterns of eleven enzymes. Two stocks from pigs were found both to be resistant to human plasma and to have an isoenzyme marker, a slow alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) pattern, previously found only in Trypanosoma brucei gambiense from man. This constitutes evidence that the pig is a reservoir of human trypanosomiasis in West Africa. The T.b.gambiense ALAT was also found in stocks from 5 other pigs and a dog, but none of these stocks was resistant to human plasma; conversely, 9 further isolations from pigs and 2 from dogs were plasma resistant but did not have the T.b.gambiense ALAT. The lack of correspondence between the two characteristics is discussed. A T.b.gambiense stock from man in Zaire had the ALAT pattern characteristic of T.b.gambiense from Senegal and Nigeria, together with the ASAT triplet found in most T.b.gambiense stocks. Peptidase polymorphism was shown in trypanosomes for the first time.

Alanine Transaminase↗