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Results for “LEPTOSPIRA INFECTIONS”

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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Bovine leptospirosis: infection by the Hebdomadis serogroup and abortion-A herd study.

A possible relationship is demonstrated between infection of cattle by the Hebdomadis serogroup of Leptospira and abortion of undiagnosed aetiology. This association is based on (1) The occurrence of a much higher incidence of antibodies to serotype sejroe in herds with a history of undiagnosed abortion than in other groups of cattle tested. (2) A relationship between the incidence of cows with antibody titres to sejroe and the incidence of abortion of unknown aetiology in 29 herds during an 18 month model period.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1993

Leptospirosis presenting as atypical pneumonia, respiratory failure and pyogenic meningitis.

A 20-year-old man who looked after a pack of hounds was admitted with a short history of headache, fever, haemoptysis and muscle cramps. Investigations showed type I respiratory failure with diffuse pneumonitis, pyogenic meningitis and raised liver enzymes. Leptospirosis was suspected and treated with the appropriate antibiotics leading to a full recovery. The diagnosis was confirmed by a titre of I/2560 to Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. The case illustrates an unusual presentation of this infection and argues for early antibiotic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Survival rate of Leptospira pomona in the soil at a natural leptospirosis focus].

At the area of a natural focus of leptospirosis (caused by L. pomona) in the Mozdok region of the North Occetic ASSR leptospires were detected by the method of dark field microscopy in 22% of intact soil samples. The presence of pathogenic leptospires in this soil was not confirmed by the method of the biological assay on Syrian golden hamsters. In controlled tests lasting 1-277 days, in 30.4% of cases L. pomona retained their viability, pathogenic and antigenic properties for as long as 74 days, while staying in the soil at the focus of infection with humidity being 15.2-31.4% and pH = 6.7-7.2. 11 Leptospira cultures isolated after staying in the soil retained their pathogenic properties and the death of the animals used in the bioassay from the acute form of leptospiral infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Leptospirosis in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) stranded along the California coast.

Leptospirosis was identified in six northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) that were stranded in 1995 along the coast of California (USA). Histologic lesions in all seals included tubulointerstitial nephritis with tubular degeneration and necrosis. Infection was confirmed through identification of spirochetes using an immunohistochemical stain for Leptospira sp. antigens. One affected seal had an elevated titer to Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. Four of the six seals developed leptospirosis during rehabilitation, and two seals had evidence of exposure in the wild. Potential sources of infection during rehabilitation include other elephant seals, California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsii), or free-ranging wildlife. These results indicate that northern elephant seals are susceptible to leptospirosis and can develop disease both in the natural environment and in a rehabilitation setting.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Potency of leptospiral vaccines and protection against chronic infection in golden hamsters.

Seven vaccines prepared from pathogenic strains of different origin of Leptospira interrogans [serovars icterohaemorrhagiae (one strain) and copenhageni (6 strains)] were examined in protection tests on golden hamsters. Two of the copenhageni strains were used for challenge. The organs (kidneys, spleen, liver) in the vaccinated animals surviving challenge were protected to a varying degree. Low rates of survival were associated with a high incidence of Leptospira-positive findings, partly connected with focal lesions of the kidneys. On the other hand, in the groups in which all the animals survived, it was not possible to culture leptospires from their organs or to detect leptospiral antigen in these organs by immunohistochemical investigation. A protection of the organs that prevents vaccinated animals from shedding leptospires after infection clearly depends on the vaccine dose administered and the efficacy of the vaccine which can be measured in potency tests based on the survival rate as the relevant parameter.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anti-Leptospira antibodies in slaughterhouse workers in Ankara].

Leptospirosis is one of the zoonotic infections which is widely seen especially in tropical regions, and the primary transmission is by direct contact of water, contaminated by the secretions of animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in the slaughterhouse workers, who have very close contact with the animals, as a risk factor. The serum samples collected from 102 personnel (3 female, 99 male, age range: 19-66 years) who work in the different slaughterhouses in Ankara province, have been screened by means of anti-leptospira antibodies with a reference method, microscopic agglutination test (MAT). In this method, a total of 40 strains were used as antigens, including L. interrogans serotype gripptyphosa Moskva V, L. icterohaemorrhagiae Wijnberg, L. sejroe Hardjoprajitno, L. pomona Pomona, L. canicola Canicola, L. australis Jez-Bratislava and L. biflexa serotype semeranga patoc I. The evaluation was made by dark field microscopy, and the presence of agglutination in > or = 1/100 titers, were accepted as positive. As a result, in only 2 (1.96%) of the sera, anti-leptospira antibodies against L. australis Jez-Bratislava antigen were found positive, and it was detected that, these subjects were the personnel who worked in the same slaughterhouse for a mean period of 15 years. In conclusion, as 100 workers were found seronegative, the seroprevalence of leptospirosis is very low in our province.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2004

Fatal leptospirosis presenting as musculoskeletal chest pain.

After holidaying in Vanuatu, a 24-year-old man presented with pleuritic chest pain and chest wall tenderness thought to be musculoskeletal in origin. He developed fatal acute renal failure, jaundice, respiratory failure, myocarditis and rhabdomyolysis. Subsequent serological results showed a rise in serum titre of antibodies to Leptospira grippotyphosa, from 1 : 50 to 1 : 800, consistent with acute infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1968

A serological survey of sera from domestic animals on Easter Island.

Animals' sera collected on Easter Island from December 1964 to February 1965 were tested by appropriate methods for the presence of antibodies to various infections. These included, ornithosis, Q-fever, brucellosis, Johne's disease, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and vesicular stomatitis viruses. It appeared that the cattle and sheep were exposed to the ornithosis group of agents. The sheep were also exposed to toxoplasmosis. The low-grade reactions observed on the cattle sera with the leptospira and brucella antigens were not sufficient to indicate past infection. All sera tested with Q-fever and Johne's disease antigens gave negative reactions. The results suggested that neither strain of vesicular stomatitis virus had yet been introduced into this restricted animal population.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The sero-epidemiological investigation of leptospirosis in Hainan Province].

This paper reported that 529 serum samples were collected from healthy people in ten townships of nine cities or counties of Hainan Province in 1993 and anti-leptospira antibody was examined. Results showed that 274 cases were positive (51.8%), indicating the natural infection rates were from 25.9% to 72.2% in different areas. The infection was irrelevant to sex, but was interrelated to age and occupations. There were 15 serogroups of anti-leptospira antibody identified in this study. Bataviae, Grippotyphosa and Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroups were the dominant serogroups, different from that the Grippotyphosa and Autumnalis serogroups as the superior serogroups in the 1970s. Data shows that the main epidemic serogroups are likely to change, which suggests that the surveillance of leptospirosis needs to be strengthened.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Identification of a reservoir of leptospira interrogans serovar muenchen in voles (Microtus agrestis and Clethrionomys glareolus) in England.

Infection with leptospires of the Australis serogroup is widespread in voles in Southern England and the serovar identification of five randomly-selected isolates was determined by cross agglutination absorption. Two isolates from short-tailed voles (Microtus agrestis) and three isolates from bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) were all identified as serovar muenchen. The only previous isolation of this serovar is that from a human in Germany.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of three different leptospiral vaccines for induction of a type 1 immune response to Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo.

Leptospira serovar Hardjo are bacterial pathogens of cattle that cause zoonotic infections of humans. Monovalent serovar Hardjo vaccines protect cattle from serovar Hardjo while pentavalent vaccines do not even though they contain serovar Hardjo organisms. Here, cattle vaccinated with either of two monovalent vaccines had lymphocytes that made interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IgG(1) and IgG(2) antibodies to Hardjo antigen while those from cattle vaccinated with a pentavalent Leptospira vaccine did not. IFN-gamma-producing cells were mainly CD4(+), but included CD8(+) and gamma delta TCR(+) cells. Despite their monovalent composition, those vaccines also induced IFN-gamma responses to serovar Grippotyphosa antigens. Thus, induction of a type 1 immune response is consistent with protective immunity to serovar Hardjo infections.

Animals↗