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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Assessing socio-economic factors in relation to stigmatization, impairment status, and selection for socio-economic rehabilitation: a 1-year cohort of new leprosy cases in north Bangladesh.

The current leprosy elimination strategy focuses almost exclusively on delivery of leprosy diagnostic services and multi-drug treatment (MDT). However, the specific problems of people newly diagnosed with leprosy or cured with MDT primarily relate to impairment of nerve function and social and economic consequences of the diagnosis of leprosy. This study was carried out to investigate the relation between socio-economic factors and the development of nerve impairments and stigma. In addition the relation between socio-economic factors and selection for socio-economic assistance was studied. The study population was a cohort of 2364 newly diagnosed people with leprosy in rural Bangladesh in 1996, including 42.5% women, with an overall mean age of 31.4 years. Three hundred and sixty people (15.2%) had WHO grade 1 or 2 disability identified at diagnosis, and 50 (2.1%) had stigma identified on interview at home visit conducted within one month of diagnosis. One hundred and eighty-eight people (8%) were selected for specific assistance for rehabilitation, primarily interest-free loans for income generating activities or vocational training. Factors independently associated with WHO grade 1 or 2 disability at diagnosis were multibacillary (MB) classification, adult status, and manual occupations. Smear positivity, female sex, and the presence of dependents were associated with an increase in the experience of stigma. The presence of nerve impairments and stigma, as well as several indices of poverty were clearly associated with selection for inclusion in an integrated program for socio-economic assistance. An increased focus by leprosy services on the socio-economic factors associated with poorer physical and social outcomes is recommended. Where adequate finances and trained staff are available, efforts could be made to identify those at higher risk of poor outcomes, and to provide or to mobilize appropriately targeted socio-economic interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Design of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) plan to assure the safety of a bologna product produced by a meat processing plant].

The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a systematic integral program used to identify and estimate the hazards (microbiological, chemical and physical) and the risks generated during the primary production, processing, storage, distribution, expense and consumption of foods. To establish a program of HACCP has advantages, being some of them: to emphasize more in the prevention than in the detection, to diminish the costs, to minimize the risk of manufacturing faulty products, to allow bigger trust to the management, to strengthen the national and international competitiveness, among others. The present work is a proposal based on the design of an HACCP program to guarantee the safety of the Bologna Special Type elaborated by a meat products industry, through the determination of hazards (microbiological, chemical or physical), the identification of critical control points (CCP), the establishment of critical limits, plan corrective actions and the establishment of documentation and verification procedures. The used methodology was based in the application of the seven basic principles settled down by the Codex Alimentarius, obtaining the design of this program. In view of the fact that recently the meat products are linked with pathogens like E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes, these were contemplated as microbiological hazard for the establishment of the HACCP plan whose application will guarantee the obtaining of a safe product.

Food Contamination↗
PubMed2004

Serious psychological distress among persons with diabetes--New York City, 2003.

"Depression, anxiety, and other disorders causing serious psychological distress (SPD) frequently complicate the health care of persons with diabetes." To assess the prevalence and effects of SPD among adults with diabetes, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) analyzed data from approximately 10,000 adults who participated in the 2003 New York City Community Health Survey (CHS). The results indicated that 1) adults with diabetes were twice as likely to have SPD as those without diabetes, and 2) adults with both SPD and diabetes were more likely than those with only diabetes to live in poverty, report poor health, lack access to health care, and to have lost a spouse or partner to separation, divorce, or death. An integrated program of physical and mental health care that addresses socioeconomic barriers and improves access to treatment might improve the overall health of persons with diabetes and SPD.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Scientific, organizational and methodological fundamentals for developing health-saving technologies at high school and their medical-and-technical basis].

The key issues related with maintenance and introduction of health-saving technologies into the educational process of a high school are demonstrated in the paper by the example of the "Integrated Program" implemented at Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Methods of preclinical screening and monitoring of students' health including organizational principles, information technologies and psychophysical examination are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Physical efficiency of 10-16-year-old boys with hearing impairment.

PURPOSE: The aim of our investigation was to estimate on hand of the above the physical efficiency value of hearing impaired children and compare them with healthy counterparts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigation covered a group of 63 boys, 27 with hearing impairment (HI) and 36 healthy (R), 10-16 years old. The investigated subjects were divided into 2 groups according to their age: 10-12 and 14-16-year-old boys. For determination of cardio-respiratory system efficiency PWC170 (Physical Working Capacity) test was performed. PWC170 and VO2max indices were calculated using proper mathematical equations. RESULTS: The comparison of PWC170 and VO2max indices shows no statistically significant differences between investigated groups. Boys from younger HI group obtained higher PWC170 and VO2max values than boys from R group. In older groups, values of investigated indices were inversed in relation to younger groups. Boys from R group obtained higher values of investigated indices. CONCLUSIONS: Results received shows some trend, which is probably connected with isolation and absence of cohesion between auditory organ rehabilitation and physical efficiency development. There is necessity of integration programs construction, which will influence on comprehensive and proper growth of hearing impaired children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Performance of the Colson MAM BP 3AA1-2 automatic blood pressure monitor according to the European Society of Hypertension validation protocol.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the Colson MAM BP 3AA1-2 oscillometric automatic blood pressure monitor according to the validation protocol of the European Society of Hypertension, testing its suitability for self-measurement of blood pressure. The performance of the device was assessed in relation to various clinical variables, including age, gender, body mass index, arm circumference and arterial stiffness. METHOD: 33 subjects (15 men and 18 women), with a mean age of 47 +/- 10 years, were studied according to the procedures laid down in the European Society of Hypertension validation protocol. Sequential same-arm blood pressure measurements were made, alternating between a mercury standard and the automatic device. The differences among the test-control measurements were assessed and divided into categorization zones of 5, 10 and 15 mmHg discrepancy. Aortic pulse wave velocity was assessed in all subjects with a Complior device (Colson, Paris). RESULTS: The Colson MAM BP 3AA1-2 passed all three phases of the protocol for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The mean differences between the test and control measurements were -1.0 +/- 5.0 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and -1.1 +/- 4.1 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. Both standard deviations are well below the 8 mmHg limit proposed by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. The predictive value of various clinical variables for the discrepancies was assessed by a regression model analysis, with no variable being found that independently undermined the performance of the monitor. In another regression analysis, we found a similar relation between test and control blood pressures and aortic pulse wave velocity, a widely recognized and validated index of target organ damage. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that the Colson MAM BP 3AA1-2 satisfies the quality requirements proposed by the European Society of Hypertension, demonstrating its suitability for inclusion in integrated programs of clinical surveillance based on self-measurement of blood pressure. The uniformity of its performance over a wide spectrum of clinical characteristics and the relation found with pulse wave velocity further reinforce its clinical validity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The theoretical methodological aspects of preventing nervous system diseases].

The theoretical and methodological aspects of the development of the integrated programs of preventing nervous diseases are reviewed. Among the methodological problems evidence is provided for ecological, epidemiological, preclinical, systemic, individualized and rehabilitation approaches. The concept is given of the dynamic patho- and sanogenesis of nervous diseases including neurophylo-ontogenesis, neuroreactivity and neuroadaptivity, polyfactorial nature and dynamism, staged and phasic nature of the course of nervous system conditions. Criteria for the efficacy of the rehabilitation and preventive programs are distinguished.

Ecology↗
PubMed2006

[Environmental control of gastrointestinal strongylosis in sheep and goats].

Gastrointestinal strongylosis are the dominant parasitic infections of sheep and goats. The successful control of these parasites cannot be done exclusively with anthelmintics, but the first step is an integrated program for environmental prophylaxis. The correct planning of the prophylaxis program has to be preceded by the analysis of the related problems: (1) the parasitological status of farm livestock; (2) knowledge of the farm management; (3) hydrogeological, pedological and climatic-environmental aspects. The environmental control strategies can be resumed as follows: avoiding animals from different farms to share the same pasture; avoiding animals of different age classes to graze together; parcel the pastures to permit a rational rotation; rotational grazing of pastures according to the seasonal development of parasites; stocking rate; young animals grazing ahead of the older animal ones; crop management practices (draining, ploughing, harrowing, scrub clearing, fertilizing, etc.). These measures make the habitat less suitable for the free-living stages of gastrointestinal strongyles, reducing the potential of infection of the same pastures.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized patient care documentation. Educational applications in the baccalaureate curriculum.

This baccalaureate program integrated computerized patient care documentation with courses in nursing fundamentals and health assessment. Using an information system designed for acute care settings, students become familiar with computer use while learning documentation of care and other nursing skills. Computer literacy may be enhanced with integration of content and increased exposure to different information systems.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Neonatal screening for inborn errors of metabolism: update.

Newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism is an established practice that has shown its value in preventing the morbidity, mortality, and mental retardation that ravage the child suffering from an inherited disorder of intermediary metabolism. The American Academy of Pediatrics has taken a strong stand supporting newborn screening for PKU and hypothyroidism for all newborns and has repeatedly stressed the need for such screening to be part of an integrated program that incorporates screening, diagnosis, management, and support. As we enter the 21st century, the challenges of maintaining excellence in existing programs, developing new screening tests, and assuring optimal follow-up and management must be met for all children.

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗
PubMed1979

The family and cardiac rehabilitation.

Family resources and needs are often overlooked in planning for rehabilitation of the individual following myocardial infarction. The acute ischemic event presents a massive disruption in the psychodynamic balance of the family, but it can provide an unparalleled opportunity for increased awareness and growth for all members of the family. An integrated program of emotional support, education, and physical activity is recommended to facilitate restoration of the individual's self-esteem. Formal family counseling provides a forum for resolution of fears and misconceptions and permits redefinition of roles within the family.

Adaptation, Psychological↗