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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder. Clinico-statistical findings in 24 cases].

Twenty-four cases of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder (1.3% of gallbladder operations) collected over a period of 8 years are compared with those reported in the literature. This form has a very poor prognosis due to delays in diagnosis, early regional extension, and often insufficient surgical management. Women over 60 are the main victims. Abdominal pain is nearly always present, with icterus in 50% of cases. In 5/24 cases, the diagnosis was based on histological examination of the surgical specimen in the absence of clinical signs preceding the operation. It is felt that prophylactic cholecystectomy is desirable in cases of symptomatic or asymptomatic lithiatic cholecystopathy, especially in subjects most at risk. Suitable treatment of curable forms requires cholecystectomy combined with cuneiform hepatic resection and regional lymphadenectomy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Phase-II-study with vindesine (desacetyl-vinblastine-amide-sulfate) in advanced malignant diseases].

53 patients with advanced and measurable cancerr were treated with vindesine in doses of 3 mg/m2 (pretreated) and 4 mg/m2 (non pretreated) i.v. once weekly. 48 patients are evaluable for response: of 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 1 partial remission (PR), 1 minor response (MR) and 1 no change (NC) were observed. In 5 patients with large cell carcinoma of the lung: 1 NC. In 3 with adenocarcinoma of the lung: 1 MR. One patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma had progressive disease. Stable disease was observed in a patient with carcinoma of the tongue and in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Four patients with colorectal carcinoma had progressive disease. One MR was observed in a patient with breast cancer, while all of the other 3 patients had progressive disease. One carcinoma of the penis was stable. One MR was observed in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. One PR was observed in a case with no-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A patient with acute leukemia had progressive disease. Among 9 patients with malignant melanoma, 3 had an MR and 1 patient had stable disease. A patient with fibrosarcoma had progressive disease. Observed toxicity included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, paresthesias, constipation, jaw pain, nausea, stomatitis, alopecia, loss of taste, pruritus and skin rash, weakness and fatigue.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

The in vitro migration inhibition of mononuclear cells in patients with colorectal carcinoma.

The response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to PHA and PPD in migration inhibition test has been studied in patients with Duke's B-D colorectal carcinoma. It was found the response of patients cells to both stimulants was increased. This enhanced lymphokine release and/or production was closely connected with the tumor load. The implications of these findings to the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response in cancer patients are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Doxifluridine: an active agent in advanced gastrointestinal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The results of the use of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies have been disappointing. Complete responses are rare, and even partial responses are generally few with no benefit on survival. Since its introduction in clinical trials more than 30 years ago, fluorouracil has remained the most effective single agent in the treatment of these diseases. Doxifluridine is a new fluoropyrimidine derivative, that is converted into fluorouracil, its active component. Experimental data confirm cytotoxic selectivity for human tumor cells. METHODS: Three trials have been conducted at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan, to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of doxifluridine administered endovenously or orally in patients affected by different gastrointestinal neoplasms. The data will be discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that doxifluridine may be superior to fluorouracil, the biochemical modulator as folinic acid seems to enhance its activity in colorectal patients. The oral schedule is feasible for home treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the colon: apropos of a case with double localization].

A case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the caecum and the rectum was resected. The disease occurs in 1-4% of gastrointestinal neoplasms and comprises 0.2-0.65% of colorectal tumours. The caecum is frequently involved while primary malignant lymphoma localized to the caecum and the rectum is more uncommon. The most representative histological types are histiocytic or lymphocytic tumours. The disease commonly presents as a painful abdominal mass and is associated with weight loss and diarrhoea. Barium enema and pancolonoscopy are sufficient for diagnosis, but echotomography and Tc scan are useful for staging. Surgery is the treatment of choice and overall 5-years survival is 30-40%. The role of adjuvant therapy has not yet been clearly defined, although data from some studies indicate increased survival in those patients given adjuvant therapy compared with patients treated with surgical resection alone.

Cecal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Duodenal tumors].

Tumors of the duodenum are relatively rare, accounting for about 1-2% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms. Nevertheless diagnosis and therapy are important, as 50% of all duodenal neoplasms are malignant. In the period 1987-1992 we treated 14 patients with duodenal neoplasms (11 men, 3 women, age 30-81 years [median 60.4]). 5 patients had undergone previous treatment for malignant tumors (4 genito-urinary tract, 1 rectum). The main symptoms were pain (43%), malaise (43%), weight loss (43%), anemia (28%), jaundice (28%), obstruction (22%), nausea and/or vomiting (22%). Diagnostic investigations were upper endoscopy (93%), computed tomography of the abdomen (72%), angiography or duplex-sonography (22%). Preoperative histology was malignant in 43%, benign in 22% and unclear in 35%. Surgery consisted of the following: duodenopancreatectomy (Whipple procedure) in 4 (31%), segmental resection in 2 (15%), local resection in 2 (15%), transduodenal excision of the ampulla of Vater in 1 (7.5%), modified Finney pyloroplasty in 1 (7.5%), gastroenterostomy in 2 (15%) and choledocho-jejunostomy in 1 (7.5%). One patient refused surgery or chemotherapy. The definitive histologies in the 13 operated cases were adeno-carcinoma in 8 (62%), leiomyosarcoma in 1 (8%), leiomyoma in 2 (15%), and tubulo-villous adenoma in 2 (15%). The tumors were located in pars I in 3 (22%), in pars II in 9 (64%) and in pars III in 2 (14%). There were no postoperative complications in 9 patients (70%). 2 patients had an abscess of the abdominal wall or multiple entero-cutaneous fistulas, and 2 patients died from multiple organ system failure. The 30-day mortality was 15.4% (2/13).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[To what extent are laparoscopic procedures defensible in oncologic surgery?].

Successful oncological standard procedures can only be replaced by new methods if their value has been proven by long-term results. Laparoscopic tumor resections with curative intention have to be considered experimental, especially because long-term results are not yet available. These operations require two preconditions: 1) the oncological quality of tumor resection must be assessed by special methods of pathohistological examinations; and 2) long-term follow-up care must be guaranteed. In most cases, these preconditions are only secured within clinical trials.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Immunoreactivity and expression of amylin in gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors.

Amylin was isolated from human insulinomas, but there has been only preliminary data regarding whether this peptide can also be detected in other types of gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining of 87 gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors demonstrated amylin immunoreactivity in 21.8% of the neoplasmas. Thirteen of 15 insulinomas, three of 21 gastrinomas, two of 29 nonfunctioning tumors, and one of 18 carcinoids were amylin-immunoreactive. Seventeen of the 19 amylin-immunoreactive tumors were primarily located in the pancreas, but two tumors were found in the intestine. Measurements of amylin messenger RNA expression in a few tumors revealed amylin synthesis in these tumors. Amylin immunoreactivity did not correlate with invasion and metastasis. However, the rate of curative resections was significantly higher in amylin-immunoreactive tumors. These results demonstrate for the first time that amylin immunoreactivity is not restricted to insulinomas and can also occur rarely in endocrine tumors of the intestine.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1993

[Hereditary p53 mutation in a patient with multiple tumors: significance for genetic counseling].

We describe molecular genetic findings in a patient who initially presented with an intermediate teratoma of the testis and who many years later presented with an oligodendro-astrocytoma. In addition he developed a malignant histiocytoma over the scapula, an adenocarcinoma of the stomach and a late stage adenoma of the sigmoid colon. Due to the development of several neoplasms the possibility of either ataxia telangiectasia or Li-Fraumeni syndrome was considered in differential diagnosis. A molecular genetic investigation revealed that both he and his brother carried a germline p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation at codon 248. From this result we conclude that this family belongs to the Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Once characterized as belonging to the Li-Fraumeni syndrome, the remaining members of the family were typed to determine if they too carried the same mutation. The two children of the index patient were shown not to carry the mutation and are therefore at no increased risk of developing any of the Li-Fraumeni spectrum of malignancies. A molecular genetic investigation into similar families could help to prevent the development of additional malignancies as seen in the index patient, as radiotherapy may interfere with the normal function of the p53 protein and this may in turn help to orchestrate DNA repair after radiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Surgical procedures in inoperable tumours (author's transl)].

This paper deals with the basic surgical principles in inoperable tumours. In case of inoperability the possibilities of palliative surgery should be examined: palliative resection, quantitative tumour reduction, different bypassing procedures in the G.I-tract, amputation, exarticulatoan. It is most decisive to keep the balance between intended effect and operative risk or prognosis of the underlying disease respectively, Additional conservative measures enlarge the indications of palliative surgery.

Bone Neoplasms↗