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The forehead lift.

The technique proposed is one that deals with the problems of the aging appearance of the upper third of the face as a separate surgical entity. Malar or cervical rhytidectomies are performed through a separate incision, the upper limit of which is in the region of the supra-auricular groove. The primary advantages of the procedure are that it yields a universal lift for ptosis and redundancy throughout the upper third of the face; that it allows for ready accessibility to offending muscles, namely, procerus, corrugator, frontalis, and fibrotic galea; that the incision is behind the hairline and therefore relatively inconspicuous; and that when it is combined with meloplasty, separate compartments are retained so as to alleviate at least some of the problems developing from postoperative facial hematomas. The results obtained with this procedure are shown in Figures 8 through 12.

Aging↗

[Endoscopic forehead lift].

Indications for the endoscopic frontal lift are the same as for the conventional open procedure: (a) ptosis of the eyebrow; (b) laxation of the frontal skin; (c) frowning of the glabella in the frontal area. While the conventional open procedure requires a coronal incision from ear to ear, the endoscopic procedure requires only four to six 1-cm incisions in the hair area. From there we lift the frontal skin subperiosteally up to the orbital rim where we incise the periosteum. Here the corrugator and procerus muscle are incised and the necessary portion of frontal skin can be elevated. Technical details, as well as the instruments needed are described in over 30 procedures.

Adult↗

Endoscopic forehead-lift using a bioabsorbable fixation device.

Endoscopic brow-lift is the method of upper face rejuvenation preferred by facial plastic surgeons and patients alike. The technique has undergone significant scrutiny regarding methods of fixation. Many techniques have been described, including external bolster dressings, tissue adhesives, Kirschner-wire fixation, cortical tunnels and troughs, and permanent or temporary screw and plate fixation. Many of these techniques are associated with postoperative alopecia, poor reliability, possible intracranial complications, and palpable hardware. Thus, the search for a safe, effective, reliable, and straightforward procedure continues. We describe our experience with an easy-to-insert bioabsorbable device that is fixed to the calvaria and provides multipoint fixation to the soft tissue.

Absorbable Implants↗