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Results for “Ear Protective Devices”

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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Industrial noise.

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Audiometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Test of the Health Promotion Model as a causal model of workers' use of hearing protection.

The Health Promotion Model (HPM) was tested as a causal model to predict workers' use of hearing protection (N = 645). Measures indicated an excellent fit of the theoretical model. The exploratory analyses found the same cognitive-perceptual factors most important in predicting use. However, in contrast to the theoretical model, two modifying factors (job category and situational factors) had direct effects on use. The hypothesized model accounted for 49.3% of variance and the exploratory models accounted for 50.7% to 52.7% of variance in hearing protection use. Results of testing the HPM are consistent with the recently proposed revision of the model by Pender, Walker, Frank-Stromborg, and Sechrist (1990a, 1990b). The strongest effects on behavior came from the behavior-specific influences and demographic characteristics. Situational factors had a direct effect on the health behavior.

Cognition↗
PubMed1993

Engineering measures can muffle hazards heard in noisy work areas.

The OSHA noise standard establishes only minimum levels of protection and exposure. Legally acceptable noise levels may result in a hearing loss among some employees. Noise hazards are best controlled through engineering methods such as enclosures, air exhaust mufflers and vibration damping. If engineering controls do not reduce noise to allowable levels, employee exposure must be controlled via a hearing conservation program that includes provisions for audiometric testing, protective equipment and employee training.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1993

Oral magnesium supplementation as prophylaxis for noise-induced hearing loss: results of a double blind field study.

The effect of oral Mg-supplementation as prophylaxis against noise-induced hearing loss was tested in a placebo-controlled double blind study involving 320 voluntary subjects during a 2-month period of military training. The hearing thresholds of all subjects were checked and only persons with normal hearing were accepted. Before and after the 2-month training, blood samples were collected and Mg was analysed in serum, erythrocytes and lymphocytes. Seven days after the last exposure to firearm noise, the audiograms of all test subjects were checked and permanent threshold shifts (PTS) were determined. The total group received a drink containing either 4g Mg granulate verum (6.7 mmol Mg aspartate) or placebo every working day during the 2-month training period. The primary source of noise exposure were firearms: 420 shots per person, mean peak level 164 dB(A). The recruits used ear plugs with a mean insertion loss of 25 dB. In both groups Mg-concentration in serum and in erythrocytes increased with time. Lymphocyte Mg increased in the Mg group only. In the placebo group the percentages of ears with PTS > 25 dB at 4 kHz/6 kHz and/or 8 kHz after exposure to firearm noise were twice as high as in the Mg group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

The use of addition reaction silicone materials in the fabrication of ear plugs.

Ear plugs are currently recommended for patients with tympanostomy tubes or for those requiring noise attenuation. Most techniques used today require a two-step process involving an impression of the ear followed by laboratory fabrication from a cast. This paper presents an alternative technique which is accomplished in one appointment and eliminates the laboratory phase by using addition reaction silicones. The indications for ear plugs and clinical results achieved with this new technique were also reviewed.

Dentistry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Premature infant responses to noise reduction by earmuffs: effects on behavioral and physiologic measures.

The continuous high-intensity noise in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is both stressful and harmful for the premature infant. Although some researchers have found evidence that loud noise can cause hearing loss and alter physiologic and behavioral responses, no study to date has investigated the benefits of noise reduction by the use of earmuffs. In this study earmuffs were placed over the premature infants' ears to reduce noise intensity in the NICU while physiologic and behavioral responses were measured. Two sites were used to collect data: in the first setting, 17 low birth weight infants were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group, whereas 13 infants from a second hospital acted as their own controls and were tested with and without earmuffs. Earmuffs that reduced the intensity of noise by 7 to 12 dB were worn by infants in the experimental group only during the observation periods. Infants in the control group were exposed to the usual noise in the NICU. The infant's physiologic and behavioral responses were observed for four 2-hour intervals, morning and evening, on two consecutive days. Most of the significant results were from the site at which infants acted as their own controls. When infants wore the earmuffs, they had significantly higher mean oxygen saturation levels and less fluctuation in oxygen saturation. Furthermore, these infants had less frequent behavioral state changes, spent more time in the quiet sleep state, and had longer bouts in the sleep state. It is imperative that NICUs develop aggressive antinoise policies to substantially and consistently reduce noise.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Hearing protection and cast saw noise.

Cast saw noise was measured and found to be within the limit where employee hearing protection was not required by current Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards. Wearing of hearing protectors was found useful in diminishing anxiety associated with cast removal, especially in pediatric patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Communication survey of CH-47D crewmembers.

U.S. Army CH-47D cargo helicopter crewmembers are exposed to high levels of noise on a routine basis, yet must accomplish demanding missions that rely heavily on clear communication. This study looked at the auditory influences affecting communication by 17 crewmembers of a CH-47D Army Reserve unit. Results revealed (1) noise levels that exceed those of other Army rotary-winged aircraft, (2) different exposure levels for aviators and crewchiefs, (3) an overall preference for hearing "critical or diagnostic" aircraft sounds rather than wearing double hearing protection, (4) complaints of post-flight tinnitus or muffled hearing, (5) helmet discomfort among the majority of crewmembers, (6) a high incidence of hearing loss, (7) difficulties in adjusting radio volume controls for aviators, and (8) the effects of eyeglasses or protective masks on hearing and communications.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Noise? What noise?

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Ear Protective Devices↗