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At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Erythema induratum (Bazin's disease).

The clinical and histologic features of 26 cases of erythema induratum are reviewed. The characteristic cutaneous lesions on the legs of middle-aged women were violaceous, indurated nodules, 1 to 2 cm in diameter, which were painful, occasionally ulcerated, and could heal with scarring. The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients by a strongly positive Mantoux test result (1:10,000 dilution) and by clearing of lesions after antituberculosis therapy. The histologic features were varied but were predominantly those of a vasculitis with a paraseptal and lobular panniculitis. Although it was not possible to fulfill the required criteria for diagnosing tuberculosis in these lesions, we believe there is sufficient circumstantial evidence to support the hypothesis that erythema induratum is a true tuberculid.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, not erythema multiforme (von Hebra).

A review of the English-language medical literature revealed at least 70 cases of well-documented Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections associated with the Stevens-Johnson syndrome. There were no cases associated with erythema multiforme (von Hebra). Most of the patients were children and young adults, and male patients were more commonly affected. Most patients had prodromal symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection before the onset of the eruption and an underlying pneumonia. Although the clinical course may be severe and prolonged, the prognosis is uniformly good with complete recovery in nearly all patients. Treatment is largely supportive and the use of antibiotics or steroids (or both) appears to have little effect on the course of the illness. We conclude that M. pneumoniae is the most common infectious agent associated with the Stevens-Johnson syndrome. It is not associated with erythema multiforme of von Hebra.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Erythema multiforme: As a complication of allergen-specific immunotherapy.

Here we present a 25-year-old female patient admitted with a complaint of blistering lesions on her face, neck, chest and extremities appearing after the first dosis of specific immunotherapy and diagnosed as erythema multiforme. To our knowledge, there are no papers in the literature reporting erythema multiforme due to specific immunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Intravenous lidocaine infusion in the treatment of experimental human skin burns - digital colour image analysis of erythema development.

Previous studies have shown that local anaesthetics possess a wide range of effects on the pathophysiology of burns, including inhibition of burn oedema and inhibition of progressive burn ischemia. The present randomised double-blind cross-over study in six volunteers investigated the effects of intravenous lidocaine infusion on partial thickness skin burns. A thermoprobe was used to induce a standardised thermal injury (1 cm(2)) on the flexor side of one forearm and was repeated on the opposite side 1 week later. Subjects received either an intravenous bolus dose of lidocaine (1 mg kg(-1)) immediately after the thermal trauma followed by continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine (40 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) during 4 h or equal volumes of isotonic saline. Macrophotographs of the experimental skin area were taken preburn and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 12 h postburn and evaluated by computerised image colour analysis using normalised rgb (n-rgb) and Hue-Saturation-Intensity (HSI) colour systems as a quantitative measure of pathophysiological events. Maximum erythema occurred 2-3 h postburn. Differences between lidocaine- and placebo-treated burns were not significant during the first 4 h postburn. At 12 h postburn, the lidocaine-treated burn demonstrated a significantly faster restitution of residual erythema compared to control sites. The present study shows that intravenous lidocaine significantly inhibits the long-term inflammation-induced tissue responses to thermal trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Quantitative color analysis of laryngeal erythema in chronic posterior laryngitis.

The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the degree of erythema visible in the larynges of normal subjects and of patients with symptoms of chronic posterior laryngitis. Video-documented examinations of laryngoscopy were digitized and then analyzed using computer image analysis software that allowed quantification of average color values, hue, saturation, and brightness from digitized color images. Documented laryngoscopic images from 7 normal subjects and 64 patients complaining of chronic laryngitis symptoms were examined, and additional patient examinations which were obtained and documented during treatment for reflux laryngitis were analyzed. Analysis was made of five different areas of each laryngeal image: the right and left vocal folds, the right and left vocal processes, and the posterior arytenoid mucosa. Data analysis showed that average color value ratings of redness for the patients with chronic laryngitis were significantly (p <0.0561) greater than the average values for normal subjects for the vocal folds. Color values for redness of the posterior laryngeal structures and vocal folds in the patients who were treated for reflux laryngitis were significantly (p <0.05) reduced over time and correlated with the clinical response to treatment. The data suggest that computer color analysis of documented video-laryngoscopic examinations can provide quantitative data on degree of erythema and may be useful as a quantitative means of diagnosis and documentation of treatment outcome for reflux laryngitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2000

Mediators of inflammation involved in UVB erythema.

In this review, we discuss the mediators and inflammatory cells involved in UVB-induced inflammatory changes phase by phase. We especially stress the importance of IFNgamma secreted by activated CD4(+) T cells in the development of UVB erythema. We also speculate on the mechanism underlying regression of UVB erythema.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Reduction of minimal erythema dose by sweating.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the most important environmental risk factor for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. It is known that tap water and saltwater baths have a photosensitizing capacity in subsequent UV irradiation of the skin. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of sweating from heat or from physical activity on the photosensitivity of the skin. METHODS: Minimal erythema dose to ultraviolet B (MED/UVB) was determined on the inner forearms of 22 healthy volunteers with a Saalmann Multi-tester. Sweating had been provoked by heat (sauna for 10 min) and, on another occasion, physical exercise (jogging for 15 min) followed by MED/UVB testing in a similar way. RESULTS: Compared to baseline MED/UVB there was a highly significant decrease in MED/UVB of up to 31.6% (median 15.8%, mean 15.9% +/- 10.0) after 10 min in the sauna and up to 40.9% (median 16.3%, mean 17.2% +/- 12.5) after 15 min jogging (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Sweat influences the hydration of the horny layer of the skin, resulting in a decrease in reflection and dispersion of UV light. Moderate physical activities such as jogging and/or heat may facilitate erythema reaction. By sweating, outdoor workers and people practicing outdoor sports who are exposed to considerable amounts of solar UV radiation further increase their risk of sunburn.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis associated with erythema elevatum diutinum and a positive rheumatoid factor: a report of three cases.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a complication of collagen-vascular diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other systemic vasculitides. We report three cases of erythema elevatum diutinum with PUK. These patients presented with nodules and plaques consistent with erythema elevatum diutinum on the extremities and crusted or ulcerated purpuric lesions on the soles. Histopathological examination of these lesions revealed a dense neutrophilic infiltrate with nuclear dust and fibrin around blood vessels. All the patients developed PUK concomitant with the development of the skin lesions. The rheumatoid factor was positive at high titre in all three patients; this was associated with probable RA in one. Cutaneous lesions were dramatically improved by administration of dapsone in all cases. Dapsone was also effective in treating the ocular lesions in two patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Erythema multiforme lesions are associated with expression of a herpes simplex virus (HSV) gene and qualitative alterations in the HSV-specific T-cell response.

A common form of erythema multiforme, herpes-associated erythema multiforme (HAEM), occurs following infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Here we report that HSV gene expression and the qualitative nature of the virus-specific T-cell responses are related to HAEM lesion development. Skin from HAEM lesions and 1-3 months healed HAEM lesional skin were positive for the viral DNA polymerase gene (Pol) by polymerase chain reaction. However, gene expression as determined by immunohistochemistry with Pol-specific antibody was seen only in HAEM lesions, suggesting that lesion development is associated with Pol gene expression. Similar HSV-specific T-cell lymphoproliferative responses were seen in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with acute or healed HAEM lesions or HSV lesions and from HSV-seropositive patients with unrelated inflammatory diseases. However, the T-cell receptor variable (V beta) chain repertoire of HSV-stimulated PBMCs obtained from HAEM lesions was altered; the prevalence of some families of variable chain (namely V beta 16 and V beta 19) was reduced, whereas the prevalence of others was increased (namely V beta 2 and V beta 7). V beta 2 cells were found in HAEM lesional skin positive for Pol antigen, suggesting that these cells home to viral antigen-positive skin.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1997

Acne fulminans and erythema nodosum during isotretinoin therapy responding to dapsone.

Acne vulgaris is very common, 85% of teenagers being affected at any one time. In most cases, the disease is mild and patients do not present to the dermatologist. Most are instead treated with over-the-counter products and conventional treatment such as peeling agents or topical and systemic antibiotics. Isotretinoin has revolutionized the treatment of severe acne unresponsive to oral antibiotics. Explosive and very severe acne such as pyoderma faciale, acne conglobata and acne fulminans are rare, the features that distinguish acne fulminans from the other conditions being systemic upset with fever, joint pain, malaise and leucocytosis, while there have been two reports of the condition associated with erythema nodosum. The recommended treatment for acne fulminans is a combination of oral steroids and systemic antibiotics, isotretinoin probably not being the treatment of choice. We now report a patient who developed acne fulminans and erythema nodosum within 3 weeks of starting isotretinoin and then responded to dapsone without oral steroids.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1999

Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema (CIAE) with bullous reaction.

Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema (CIAE) is a cutaneous response to a number of different chemotherapeutic agents. It causes a symmetrical, painful erythema of both the palms and soles which is self-limiting. CIAE with bullous reaction has been reported in relation to methotrexate, but it has been more commonly associated with cytosine arabinoside. We describe a case of CIAE with bullous reaction in a patient treated for Hodgkin's disease with a number of chemotherapeutic agents. We discuss the differential diagnosis of this condition which includes eccrine squamous syringometaplasia and acute graft vs. host disease

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Erythema nodosum in Singapore.

A retrospective study was carried out of all patients presenting with erythema nodosum over a 3-year period (1994-1997) at the National Skin Centre, Singapore. There were 75 patients, aged 4-70 years with a peak (40%) in the 21-30-year-old age group; 65 were female and 10 were male, giving a female to male ratio of 6.5 : 1. Precipitating factors included viral respiratory tract infections and streptococcal pharyngitis in 20 cases (26%), tuberculosis in two cases (3%), pregnancy in three cases (4%) and miscellaneous conditions: Behcet's syndrome (two cases), gonorrhoea (one case), varicella (one case) and cat-scratch disease (one case). The cause was unknown in 45 cases (60%). The pattern of erythema nodosum in Singapore is similar to that reported in the Western literature except that sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease are uncommon associations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Erythema nodosum and Hodgkin's disease.

A 27-year-old woman with a 5-month history of recurrent erythema nodosum was found to have Hodgkin's disease. A temporal relationship between the two disorders suggested a causative role of the lymphoma. A review of the literature yielded 15 cases of this association, suggesting that the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease should be considered in patients with unexplained erythema nodosum.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Neonatal erythema multiforme major.

A 25-day-old neonate developed an unusual eruption with bullae and marked systemic symptoms. Investigation for bacterial, viral, autoimmune and immunobullous causes did not reveal any identifiable trigger and histological examination was highly suggestive of bullous erythema multiforme. Pulmonary infiltrates were noted late in the course of the disease. Differential diagnoses included bullous impetigo, primary herpes simplex infection, immunobullous disease, neonatal lupus and erythema multiforme. This case illustrates the difficulties in diagnosing and managing an unwell child with bullae and emphasizes the need to exclude treatable underlying causes.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Disseminated granuloma annulare following erythema multiforme minor.

A 44-year-old woman presented with erythema multiforme minor followed by disseminated granuloma annulare 4 weeks later. The patient was not taking any medication and had no history of herpes simplex infection. Involvement of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the pathogenesis of these two well known disorders, as suggested by immunological investigations, may explain their concurrence in our patient. The substitution of the erythema multiforme minor lesions by an eruption of disseminated granuloma annulare at the same sites suggests the possibility of a Koebner phenomenon or an isotopic response.

Adult↗